Visual Basic での ICMP を使用した ping
1. Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 を起動します。
2. [新しいプロジェクト] ダイアログ ボックスで、[標準 EXE] をクリックして、[開く] をクリックします。Visual Basic Design Editor が開き、Form1 が読み込まれます。
3. このプロジェクトに新しいモジュールを追加するには、プロジェクト エクスプローラで Project1 を右クリックし、[追加] をポイントして、[標準モジュール] をクリックします。
4. [標準モジュールの追加] ダイアログ ボックスで、[開く] をクリックします。Module1 モジュールがプロジェクトに追加され、コード エディタ ウィンドウに表示されます。
5. Module1 のコード エディタ ウィンドウの一番上に、以下の定数および関数の宣言を追加します。
Option Explicit
'Icmp constants converted from
'http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/wmisdk/wmi/win32_pingstatus.asp
Private Const ICMP_SUCCESS As Long = 0
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_BUFFER_TO_SMALL = 11001 'Buffer Too Small
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_DESTINATION_NET_UNREACH = 11002 'Destination Net Unreachable
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_DESTINATION_HOST_UNREACH = 11003 'Destination Host Unreachable
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_DESTINATION_PROTOCOL_UNREACH = 11004 'Destination Protocol Unreachable
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_DESTINATION_PORT_UNREACH = 11005 'Destination Port Unreachable
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_NO_RESOURCE = 11006 'No Resources
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_BAD_OPTION = 11007 'Bad Option
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_HARDWARE_ERROR = 11008 'Hardware Error
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_LARGE_PACKET = 11009 'Packet Too Big
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_REQUEST_TIMED_OUT = 11010 'Request Timed Out
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_BAD_REQUEST = 11011 'Bad Request
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_BAD_ROUTE = 11012 'Bad Route
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_TTL_EXPIRED_TRANSIT = 11013 'TimeToLive Expired Transit
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_TTL_EXPIRED_REASSEMBLY = 11014 'TimeToLive Expired Reassembly
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_PARAMETER = 11015 'Parameter Problem
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_SOURCE_QUENCH = 11016 'Source Quench
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_OPTION_TOO_BIG = 11017 'Option Too Big
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_BAD_DESTINATION = 11018 'Bad Destination
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_NEGOTIATING_IPSEC = 11032 'Negotiating IPSEC
Private Const ICMP_STATUS_GENERAL_FAILURE = 11050 'General Failure
Public Const WINSOCK_ERROR = "Windows Sockets not responding correctly."
Public Const INADDR_NONE As Long = &HFFFFFFFF
Public Const WSA_SUCCESS = 0
Public Const WS_VERSION_REQD As Long = &H101
'Clean up sockets.
'http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;q154512
Private Declare Function WSACleanup Lib "WSOCK32.DLL" () As Long
'Open the socket connection.
'http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;q154512
Private Declare Function WSAStartup Lib "WSOCK32.DLL" (ByVal wVersionRequired As Long, lpWSADATA As WSADATA) As Long
'Create a handle on which Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) requests can be issued.
'http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/wcesdkr/htm/_wcesdk_icmpcreatefile.asp
Private Declare Function IcmpCreateFile Lib "icmp.dll" () As Long
'Convert a string that contains an (Ipv4) Internet Protocol dotted address into a correct address.
'http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/winsock/wsapiref_4esy.asp
Private Declare Function inet_addr Lib "WSOCK32.DLL" (ByVal cp As String) As Long
'Close an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) handle that IcmpCreateFile opens.
'http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/wcesdkr/htm/_wcesdk_icmpclosehandle.asp
Private Declare Function IcmpCloseHandle Lib "icmp.dll" (ByVal IcmpHandle As Long) As Long
'Information about the Windows Sockets implementation
'http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;q154512
Private Type WSADATA
wVersion As Integer
wHighVersion As Integer
szDescription(0 To 256) As Byte
szSystemStatus(0 To 128) As Byte
iMaxSockets As Long
iMaxUDPDG As Long
lpVendorInfo As Long
End Type
'Send an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request, and then return one or more replies.
'http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/wcetcpip/htm/cerefIcmpSendEcho.asp
Private Declare Function IcmpSendEcho Lib "icmp.dll" _
(ByVal IcmpHandle As Long, _
ByVal DestinationAddress As Long, _
ByVal RequestData As String, _
ByVal RequestSize As Long, _
ByVal RequestOptions As Long, _
ReplyBuffer As ICMP_ECHO_REPLY, _
ByVal ReplySize As Long, _
ByVal Timeout As Long) As Long
'This structure describes the options that will be included in the header of an IP packet.
'http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/wcetcpip/htm/cerefIP_OPTION_INFORMATION.asp
Private Type IP_OPTION_INFORMATION
Ttl As Byte
Tos As Byte
Flags As Byte
OptionsSize As Byte
OptionsData As Long
End Type
'This structure describes the data that is returned in response to an echo request.
'http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/wcesdkr/htm/_wcesdk_icmp_echo_reply.asp
Public Type ICMP_ECHO_REPLY
address As Long
Status As Long
RoundTripTime As Long
DataSize As Long
Reserved As Integer
ptrData As Long
Options As IP_OPTION_INFORMATION
Data As String * 250
End Type
'-- Ping a string representation of an IP address.
' -- Return a reply.
' -- Return long code.
Public Function ping(sAddress As String, Reply As ICMP_ECHO_REPLY) As Long
Dim hIcmp As Long
Dim lAddress As Long
Dim lTimeOut As Long
Dim StringToSend As String
'Short string of data to send
StringToSend = "hello"
'ICMP (ping) timeout
lTimeOut = 1000 'ms
'Convert string address to a long representation.
lAddress = inet_addr(sAddress)
If (lAddress <> -1) And (lAddress <> 0) Then
'Create the handle for ICMP requests.
hIcmp = IcmpCreateFile()
If hIcmp Then
'Ping the destination IP address.
Call IcmpSendEcho(hIcmp, lAddress, StringToSend, Len(StringToSend), 0, Reply, Len(Reply), lTimeOut)
'Reply status
ping = Reply.Status
'Close the Icmp handle.
IcmpCloseHandle hIcmp
Else
Debug.Print "failure opening icmp handle."
ping = -1
End If
Else
ping = -1
End If
End Function
'Clean up the sockets.
'http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;q154512
Public Sub SocketsCleanup()
WSACleanup
End Sub
'Get the sockets ready.
'http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;q154512
Public Function SocketsInitialize() As Boolean
Dim WSAD As WSADATA
SocketsInitialize = WSAStartup(WS_VERSION_REQD, WSAD) = ICMP_SUCCESS
End Function
'Convert the ping response to a message that you can read easily from constants.
'For more information about these constants, visit the following Microsoft Web site:
'http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/wmisdk/wmi/win32_pingstatus.asp
Public Function EvaluatePingResponse(PingResponse As Long) As String
Select Case PingResponse
'Success
Case ICMP_SUCCESS: EvaluatePingResponse = "Success!"
'Some error occurred
Case ICMP_STATUS_BUFFER_TO_SMALL: EvaluatePingResponse = "Buffer Too Small"
Case ICMP_STATUS_DESTINATION_NET_UNREACH: EvaluatePingResponse = "Destination Net Unreachable"
Case ICMP_STATUS_DESTINATION_HOST_UNREACH: EvaluatePingResponse = "Destination Host Unreachable"
Case ICMP_STATUS_DESTINATION_PROTOCOL_UNREACH: EvaluatePingResponse = "Destination Protocol Unreachable"
Case ICMP_STATUS_DESTINATION_PORT_UNREACH: EvaluatePingResponse = "Destination Port Unreachable"
Case ICMP_STATUS_NO_RESOURCE: EvaluatePingResponse = "No Resources"
Case ICMP_STATUS_BAD_OPTION: EvaluatePingResponse = "Bad Option"
Case ICMP_STATUS_HARDWARE_ERROR: EvaluatePingResponse = "Hardware Error"
Case ICMP_STATUS_LARGE_PACKET: EvaluatePingResponse = "Packet Too Big"
Case ICMP_STATUS_REQUEST_TIMED_OUT: EvaluatePingResponse = "Request Timed Out"
Case ICMP_STATUS_BAD_REQUEST: EvaluatePingResponse = "Bad Request"
Case ICMP_STATUS_BAD_ROUTE: EvaluatePingResponse = "Bad Route"
Case ICMP_STATUS_TTL_EXPIRED_TRANSIT: EvaluatePingResponse = "TimeToLive Expired Transit"
Case ICMP_STATUS_TTL_EXPIRED_REASSEMBLY: EvaluatePingResponse = "TimeToLive Expired Reassembly"
Case ICMP_STATUS_PARAMETER: EvaluatePingResponse = "Parameter Problem"
Case ICMP_STATUS_SOURCE_QUENCH: EvaluatePingResponse = "Source Quench"
Case ICMP_STATUS_OPTION_TOO_BIG: EvaluatePingResponse = "Option Too Big"
Case ICMP_STATUS_BAD_DESTINATION: EvaluatePingResponse = "Bad Destination"
Case ICMP_STATUS_NEGOTIATING_IPSEC: EvaluatePingResponse = "Negotiating IPSEC"
Case ICMP_STATUS_GENERAL_FAILURE: EvaluatePingResponse = "General Failure"
'Unknown error occurred
Case Else: EvaluatePingResponse = "Unknown Response"
End Select
End Function
注 : このコードをプロジェクトにコピーするときは、行の折り返しに注意する必要があります。このコードには、Icmp.dll ファイルにアクセスするための関数が含まれています。定数、宣言、関数呼び出しの詳細については、インライン コメントを参照してください。
6. プロジェクト エクスプローラで、[Form1] を右クリックして [オブジェクトの表示] をクリックします。Form1 がデザイナ ウィンドウに読み込まれます。
7. Form1 の本体をダブルクリックします。コード エディタ ウィンドウが開き、次のコードが表示されます。
Private Sub Form_Load()
End Sub
8. Form_Load メソッドのコードを、次のコードに置き換えます。
Private Sub Form_Load()
Dim Reply As ICMP_ECHO_REPLY
Dim lngSuccess As Long
Dim strIPAddress As String
'Get the sockets ready.
If SocketsInitialize() Then
'Address to ping
strIPAddress = "192.168.1.1"
'Ping the IP that is passing the address and get a reply.
lngSuccess = ping(strIPAddress, Reply)
'Display the results.
Debug.Print "Address to Ping: " & strIPAddress
Debug.Print "Raw ICMP code: " & lngSuccess
Debug.Print "Ping Response Message : " & EvaluatePingResponse(lngSuccess)
Debug.Print "Time : " & Reply.RoundTripTime & " ms"
'Clean up the sockets.
SocketsCleanup
Else
'Winsock error failure, initializing the sockets.
Debug.Print WINSOCK_ERROR
End If
End Sub
9. コードの以下の行を探します。
'Address to ping
strIPAddress = "192.168.1.1"
strIPAddress を、ping を実行する対象の IP アドレスに変更します。
10. プロジェクトおよびプロジェクトに関連付けられているファイルを保存するには、[ファイル] メニューの [プロジェクトの上書き保存] をクリックします。
11. コードの結果はイミディエイト ウィンドウに書き込まれます。イミディエイト ウィンドウが開いていることを確認するには、[表示] メニューの [イミディエイト ウィンドウ] をクリックします。
12. このコードをテストするには、F5 キーを押します。結果がイミディエイト ウィンドウに表示されます。結果は、以下のようになります。
Address to Ping: 192.168.1.1
Raw ICMP code: 0
Ping Response Message : Success!
Time : 10 ms
注 : ドメイン名に対して ping を実行するには、まずドメイン名をアドレスに変換する必要があります。 関連情報を参照するには、以下の「サポート技術情報」 (Microsoft Knowledge Base) をクリックしてください。