除了8位的,还有16位、24位、32位等。高于8位的模式都不再采用调色板模式。下面介绍几种编码模式。
16位模式下有几种编码方案
Alpha.5.5.5:这种模式用D15位存储一个Alpha(透明度),其余15位均匀分配给红色5位,绿色5位,蓝色5位。
X5.5.5:与Alpha.5.5.5类似,只是最高位没有使用。
5.6.5:这个是16色彩最常用的模式。5位分配给红,6位分配给绿,5位分配给蓝
下面是构造他们的宏:
// this builds a 16 bit color value in 5.5.5 format (1-bit alpha mode)
#define _RGB16BIT555(r,g,b) ((b & 31) + ((g & 31) << 5) + ((r & 31) << 10))
// this builds a 16 bit color value in 5.6.5 format (green dominate mode)
#define _RGB16BIT565(r,g,b) ((b & 31) + ((g & 63) << 5) + ((r & 31) << 11))
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 文件名 : 7_1.cpp
// 创建者 : 方煜宽
// 邮箱 : fangyukuan@gmail.com
// 创建时间 : 2010-12-9 0:52
// 功能描述 : 16位模式,RGB565
// 对于像素位深度大于8的页面,不需要使用调色板
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define INITGUID
#include<windows.h>
#include <ddraw.h>
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
HWND main_window_handle = NULL; // 全局的windows窗口句柄
LPDIRECTDRAW7 lpdd = NULL; // ddraw 接口指针
DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // ddraw 显示表面 描述结构
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpddsprimary = NULL; // ddraw 主显示表面
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpddsback = NULL; // ddraw 从显示表面
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 640 // 屏幕宽
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 480 // 屏幕高
#define SCREEN_BPP 16 // 深度
#define DDRAW_INIT_STRUCT(ddstruct) { memset(&ddstruct, 0, sizeof(ddstruct)); ddstruct.dwSize = sizeof(ddstruct); }
// this builds a 16 bit color value in 5.6.5 format (green dominate mode)
#define _RGB16BIT565(r,g,b) ((b & 31) + ((g & 63) << 5) + ((r & 31) << 11))
// this builds a 16 bit color value in 5.5.5 format (1-bit alpha mode)
#define _RGB16BIT555(r,g,b) ((b & 31) + ((g & 31) << 5) + ((r & 31) << 10))
#define KEYDOWN(vk_code) ((::GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0)
#define KEYUP(vk_code) ((::GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------- // 文件名 : 7_1.cpp // 创建者 : 方煜宽 // 邮箱 : fangyukuan@gmail.com // 创建时间 : 2010-12-9 0:52 // 功能描述 : 16位模式,RGB565 // 对于像素位深度大于8的页面,不需要使用调色板 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- #define INITGUID #include<windows.h> #include <ddraw.h> LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); HWND main_window_handle = NULL; // 全局的windows窗口句柄 LPDIRECTDRAW7 lpdd = NULL; // ddraw 接口指针 DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // ddraw 显示表面 描述结构 LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpddsprimary = NULL; // ddraw 主显示表面 LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpddsback = NULL; // ddraw 从显示表面 #define SCREEN_WIDTH 640 // 屏幕宽 #define SCREEN_HEIGHT 480 // 屏幕高 #define SCREEN_BPP 16 // 深度
#define DDRAW_INIT_STRUCT(ddstruct) { memset(&ddstruct, 0, sizeof(ddstruct)); ddstruct.dwSize = sizeof(ddstruct); }
// this builds a 16 bit color value in 5.6.5 format (green dominate mode)
#define _RGB16BIT565(r,g,b) ((b & 31) + ((g & 63) << 5) + ((r & 31) << 11))
// this builds a 16 bit color value in 5.5.5 format (1-bit alpha mode)
#define _RGB16BIT555(r,g,b) ((b & 31) + ((g & 31) << 5) + ((r & 31) << 10))
#define KEYDOWN(vk_code) ((::GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0) #define KEYUP(vk_code) ((::GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)
/* 每个像素16位,用此函数前先锁住表面。 */ inline void Plot_Pixel_Faster16(int x, int y, int red, int green, int blue, USHORT *video_buffer, int lpitch16) { USHORT pixel = _RGB16BIT565(red,green,blue); video_buffer[x + y*lpitch16] = pixel; }
int Game_Init(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0) { if (FAILED(DirectDrawCreateEx(NULL, (void **)&lpdd, IID_IDirectDraw7, NULL))) return 0; if (FAILED(lpdd->SetCooperativeLevel(main_window_handle, DDSCL_FULLSCREEN | DDSCL_ALLOWMODEX | DDSCL_EXCLUSIVE | DDSCL_ALLOWREBOOT))) return 0; if (FAILED(lpdd->SetDisplayMode(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_BPP, 0, 0))) return 0; memset(&ddsd,0,sizeof(ddsd)); ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd); ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS; ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE; if (FAILED(lpdd->CreateSurface(&ddsd, &lpddsprimary, NULL))) return 0; // 不需要调色板了 // 对于像素位深度大于8的页面,不需要使用调色板 return 1; }
int Game_Shutdown(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0) { if (lpddsprimary) { lpddsprimary->Release(); lpddsprimary = NULL; } if (lpdd) { lpdd->Release(); lpdd = NULL; } return 1; }
int Game_Main(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0) { if (KEYDOWN(VK_ESCAPE)) SendMessage(main_window_handle, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0); DDRAW_INIT_STRUCT(ddsd); if (FAILED(lpddsprimary->Lock(NULL, &ddsd, DDLOCK_SURFACEMEMORYPTR | DDLOCK_WAIT, NULL))) return 0; int lpitch16 = (int)(ddsd.lPitch >> 1); USHORT *video_buffer = (USHORT *)ddsd.lpSurface; for (int index=0; index < 1000; index++) { int red = rand() % 256; int green = rand() % 256; int blue = rand() % 256; int x = rand() % 640; int y = rand() % 480; Plot_Pixel_Faster16(x, y, red, green, blue, video_buffer, lpitch16); } if (FAILED(lpddsprimary->Unlock(NULL))) return 0; return 1; }
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd) { HWND hwnd; MSG msg; TCHAR lpszClassName[] = TEXT("kuan"); WNDCLASS wc; wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wc.cbClsExtra = 0; wc.cbWndExtra = 0; wc.hInstance = hInstance; wc.hIcon = ::LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_APPLICATION); wc.hCursor = ::LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW); wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)::GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH); wc.lpszMenuName = NULL; wc.lpszClassName = lpszClassName; RegisterClass(&wc); hwnd = CreateWindow(lpszClassName, TEXT("fangyukuan"), WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE, 0,0,SCREEN_WIDTH,SCREEN_HEIGHT, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL); main_window_handle = hwnd; Game_Init(); while(TRUE) { if (::PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) { if (msg.message == WM_QUIT) break; ::TranslateMessage(&msg); ::DispatchMessage(&msg); } Game_Main(); } Game_Shutdown(); return msg.wParam; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch(message) { case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: { ::MessageBeep(0); } break; case WM_DESTROY: ::PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return ::DefWindowProc(hwnd,message,wParam,lParam); } return 0; }
32位模式下有几种编码方案
Alpha(8).8.8.8:用8位表示透明信息。红色、绿色、蓝色,各有用8位。每个像素都用32位来表示,这是奔腾处理器最快的内存寻址方式。
X(8).8.8:最高8位没有使用。其它的跟Alpha(8).8.8.8一样。
下面是构造他们的宏:
// this builds a 32 bit color value in A.8.8.8 format (8-bit alpha mode)
#define _RGB32BIT(a,r,g,b) ((b) + ((g) << 8) + ((r) << 16) + ((a) << 24))
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 文件名 : 7_3.cpp
// 创建者 : 方煜宽
// 邮箱 : fangyukuan@gmail.com
// 创建时间 : 2010-12-11 22:05
// 功能描述 : 32位真彩模式
//
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------
#define INITGUID
#include<windows.h>
#include <ddraw.h>
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
HWND main_window_handle = NULL; // 全局的windows窗口句柄
LPDIRECTDRAW7 lpdd = NULL; // ddraw 接口指针
DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // ddraw 显示表面 描述结构
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpddsprimary = NULL; // ddraw 主显示表面
LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpddsback = NULL; // ddraw 从显示表面
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 640 // 屏幕宽
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 480 // 屏幕高
#define SCREEN_BPP 32 // 深度
#define DDRAW_INIT_STRUCT(ddstruct) { memset(&ddstruct,0,sizeof(ddstruct)); ddstruct.dwSize=sizeof(ddstruct); }
// this builds a 32 bit color value in A.8.8.8 format (8-bit alpha mode)
#define _RGB32BIT(a,r,g,b) ((b) + ((g) << 8) + ((r) << 16) + ((a) << 24))
#define KEYDOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0)
#define KEYUP(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------- // 文件名 : 7_3.cpp // 创建者 : 方煜宽 // 邮箱 : fangyukuan@gmail.com // 创建时间 : 2010-12-11 22:05 // 功能描述 : 32位真彩模式 // // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- #define INITGUID #include<windows.h> #include <ddraw.h> LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); HWND main_window_handle = NULL; // 全局的windows窗口句柄 LPDIRECTDRAW7 lpdd = NULL; // ddraw 接口指针 DDSURFACEDESC2 ddsd; // ddraw 显示表面 描述结构 LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpddsprimary = NULL; // ddraw 主显示表面 LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpddsback = NULL; // ddraw 从显示表面 #define SCREEN_WIDTH 640 // 屏幕宽 #define SCREEN_HEIGHT 480 // 屏幕高 #define SCREEN_BPP 32 // 深度
#define DDRAW_INIT_STRUCT(ddstruct) { memset(&ddstruct,0,sizeof(ddstruct)); ddstruct.dwSize=sizeof(ddstruct); }
// this builds a 32 bit color value in A.8.8.8 format (8-bit alpha mode) #define _RGB32BIT(a,r,g,b) ((b) + ((g) << 8) + ((r) << 16) + ((a) << 24))
#define KEYDOWN(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 1 : 0)
#define KEYUP(vk_code) ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk_code) & 0x8000) ? 0 : 1)
inline void Plot_Pixel_32(int x, int y, int alpha,int red, int green, int blue, UINT *video_buffer, int lpitch32) { UINT pixel = _RGB32BIT(alpha,red,green,blue); video_buffer[x + y*lpitch32] = pixel; }
int Game_Init(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0) { if (FAILED(DirectDrawCreateEx(NULL, (void **)&lpdd, IID_IDirectDraw7, NULL))) return 0; if (FAILED(lpdd->SetCooperativeLevel(main_window_handle, DDSCL_FULLSCREEN | DDSCL_ALLOWMODEX | DDSCL_EXCLUSIVE | DDSCL_ALLOWREBOOT))) return 0; // set display mode to 640x480x16 if (FAILED(lpdd->SetDisplayMode(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_BPP, 0, 0))) return 0; memset(&ddsd,0,sizeof(ddsd)); ddsd.dwSize = sizeof(ddsd); ddsd.dwFlags = DDSD_CAPS; ddsd.ddsCaps.dwCaps = DDSCAPS_PRIMARYSURFACE; if (FAILED(lpdd->CreateSurface(&ddsd, &lpddsprimary, NULL))) return 0; // 不需要调色板了 // 对于像素位深度大于8的页面,不需要使用调色板 return 1; }
int Game_Shutdown(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0) { // now the primary surface if (lpddsprimary) { lpddsprimary->Release(); lpddsprimary = NULL; } // now blow away the IDirectDraw4 interface if (lpdd) { lpdd->Release(); lpdd = NULL; } return 1; }
int Game_Main(void *parms = NULL, int num_parms = 0) { if (KEYDOWN(VK_ESCAPE)) SendMessage(main_window_handle, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0); DDRAW_INIT_STRUCT(ddsd); if (FAILED(lpddsprimary->Lock(NULL, &ddsd, DDLOCK_SURFACEMEMORYPTR | DDLOCK_WAIT, NULL))) return 0; int lpitch32 = (int)(ddsd.lPitch >> 2); UINT *video_buffer = (UINT *)ddsd.lpSurface; for (int index=0; index < 1000; index++) { int red = rand() % 256; int green = rand() % 256; int blue = rand() % 256; int x = rand() % 640; int y = rand() % 480; Plot_Pixel_32(x, y, 0, red, green, blue, video_buffer, lpitch32); } if (FAILED(lpddsprimary->Unlock(NULL))) return 0; return 1; }
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd) { HWND hwnd; MSG msg; TCHAR lpszClassName[] = TEXT("kuan"); WNDCLASS wc; wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wc.cbClsExtra = 0; wc.cbWndExtra = 0; wc.hInstance = hInstance; wc.hIcon = ::LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_APPLICATION); wc.hCursor = ::LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW); wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)::GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH); wc.lpszMenuName = NULL; wc.lpszClassName = lpszClassName; RegisterClass(&wc); hwnd = CreateWindow(lpszClassName, TEXT("fangyukuan"), WS_POPUP | WS_VISIBLE, 0,0,SCREEN_WIDTH,SCREEN_HEIGHT, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL); main_window_handle = hwnd; Game_Init(); while(TRUE) { if (::PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) { if (msg.message == WM_QUIT) break; ::TranslateMessage(&msg); ::DispatchMessage(&msg); } Game_Main(); } Game_Shutdown(); return msg.wParam; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch(message) { case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: { ::MessageBeep(0); } break; case WM_DESTROY: ::PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return ::DefWindowProc(hwnd,message,wParam,lParam); } return 0; }
获取像素格式
想知道任意表面的像素格式,可以用下面函数获取
IDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7::GetPixelFormat(LPDDPIXELFORMAT lpDDPixelFormat);
对DDPIXELFORMAT结构我们感兴趣的有以下三个:
DWORD dwSize; // 结构大小
DWORD dwFlags; // 描述表面的标志,见下表
DWORD dwRGBBitCount; // RGB的位数
DDPIXELFORMAT. dwFlags的有效标志 |
|
值 |
描述 |
DDPF_ALPHA |
像素格式描述一个只有alpha的表面 |
DDPF_ALPHAPIXELS |
画面有alpha信息的像素格式 |
DDPF_LUMINANCE |
像素格式中有单一透明或者透明alpha分量的画面 |
DDPF_PALETTEINDEXED1 |
画面是1位色彩索引 |
DDPF_PALETTEINDEXED2 |
画面是2位色彩索引 |
DDPF_PALETTEINDEXED4 |
画面是4位色彩索引 |
DDPF_PALETTEINDEXED8 |
画面是8位色彩索引 |
DDPF_PALETTEINDEXEDTO8 |
画面是1位、2位、4位色彩索引到8位调色板 |
DDPF_RGB |
像素格式中的RGB数据有效 |
DDPF_ZBUFFER |
像素格式 描述 一个Z缓冲画面 |
DDPF_ZPIXELS |
画面在像素中含有Z信息 |
比较重要标志是:
DDPF_PALETTEINDEXED8:说明表面租用 8位调色板模式。
DDPF_RGB:说明表面采用RGB模式,其格式可以通过测试dwRGBBitCount值获得。
DDPIXELFORMAT ddpixel; LPDIRECTDRAWSURFACE7 lpdds_primary; memset(&ddpixel, 0, sizeof(ddpixel)); ddpixel.dwSize = sizeof(ddpixel); lpdds_primary->GetPixelFormat(&ddpixel); if (ddpixel.dwFlags & DDPF_RGB) { switch(ddpixel.dwRGBBitCount) { case 15: // must be 5.5.5 mode break; case 16: // must be 5.6.5 mode break; case 24: // must be 8.8.8 mode break; case 32: // must be alpha(8).8.8.8 mode break; default: break; } } else if (ddpixel.dwFlags & DDPF_PALETTEINDEXED8) { // 256 color palettized mode } else { }
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标题 http://www.cnblogs.com/fangyukuan/archive/2011/05/22/2053556.html