学步园

      socket的英文原义是“孔”或“插座”。通常称作"套接字"，用于描述IP地址和端口，是一个通信链的句柄。在Internet上的主机一般运行了多个服务软件，同时提供几种服务。每种服务都打开一个Socket，并绑定到一个端口上，不同的端口对应于不同的服务。Socket正如其英文原意那样，象一个多孔插座。

     创建Socket通讯的基本流程图

示例代码：

一、服务端

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace CXZChatService.Service
{
    public static class SocketService
    {
        private static byte[] result = new byte[1024];
        private static int myProt = 8085;   //端口号 
        static Socket serverSocket;

        public static void startService() 
        {
            IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
            //第一个参数指定用IpV4方式寻址
            //使用指定的地址族、套接字类型和协议初始化 Socket 类的新实例。
            serverSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
                SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
            serverSocket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(ip, myProt)); //绑定IP地址：端口
            serverSocket.Listen(100);//设定最多100个排队连接请求 
            Console.WriteLine("启动监听{0}成功", serverSocket.LocalEndPoint.ToString());
            Thread myThread = new Thread(ListenClientConnect);
            myThread.Start();
            Console.ReadLine();  
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 监听客户端的连接
        /// </summary>
        public static void ListenClientConnect() 
        {
            while (true)
            {
                Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.Accept();//等待客户端的连接            
              //  clientSocket.Send(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("Server Say Hello"));//向客户端发送数据

                Thread receiveThread = new Thread(receiveRegister);//启动一个线程来接受数据
                receiveThread.Start(clientSocket);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 接收消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="clientSocket"></param>
        public static void ReceiveMessage(object clientSocket) 
        {
            Socket myClientSocket = (Socket)clientSocket;
            while(true)
            {
                try
                {
                    int receiveNumber = myClientSocket.Receive(result);
                    Console.WriteLine("接收客户端{0}消息{1}", myClientSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(), Encoding.ASCII.GetString(result, 0, receiveNumber)); 
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                    myClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
                    myClientSocket.Close();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 接收注册信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="clientSocket"></param>
        public static void receiveRegister(object clientSocket) 
        {
            Socket myClientSocket = (Socket)clientSocket;
            while(true)
            {
                try
                {
                    int receiveNumber = myClientSocket.Receive(result);
                    string register = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(result, 0, receiveNumber);
                    String[] r = AnalyseString.AnalyseStr(register);
                    if (r[0].Equals("register"))
                    {
                        List<string> list = new List<string>();
                        list.Add(r[1]);
                        list.Add(myClientSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString());
                        User.userlist.Add(list);
                        Console.WriteLine(r[1]);
                    }                   
                }catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                    myClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
                    myClientSocket.Close();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

在主函数中调用startService()即可

二、客户端代码using System;

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Net;  
using System.Net.Sockets;  
using System.Threading; 

namespace CXZClient
{
    class Client
    {
        private static byte[] result = new byte[1024];
        public static void startClient() 
        {
            string message = null;//客户端名字
            IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
            Socket clientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);

            try
            {
                clientSocket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(ip, 8085)); //连接服务器IP与端口 
                Console.WriteLine("连接服务器成功");
                message = Console.ReadLine();
            }
            catch
            {
                Console.WriteLine("连接服务器失败，请按回车键退出！");
                return;
            }
            //通过clientSocket接收数据
            try
            {
                clientSocket.Send(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("register#" + message));
            }
            catch
            {
                clientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both);
               // clientSocket.Close();
            } //--------------------------
            Console.WriteLine("按回车键退出");
            Console.ReadLine();          
        }
       


    }
}

在客户端发送完消息后回车，这是客户端代码执行完毕，服务会关闭这个客户端的连接。