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Spring事务配置的五种方式

2017年11月13日 ⁄ 综合 ⁄ 共 10009字 ⁄ 字号 小 中 大 ⁄ 评论关闭

    Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

    DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

    具体如下图：

Spring事务配置 (2)

    根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

    第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean
id="sessionFactory" 

            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 

        <property
name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 

        <property
name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务）
--> 
    <bean
id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
   
    <!-- 配置DAO
-->
    <bean
id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
   
    <bean
id="userDao" 

        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"> 

           <!-- 配置事务管理器
--> 
           <property
name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />    

        <property
name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" /> 

         <property
name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
        <!-- 配置事务属性
--> 
        <property
name="transactionAttributes"> 

            <props> 

                <prop
key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props> 

        </property> 

    </bean> 

</beans>

    第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean
id="sessionFactory" 

            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 

        <property
name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 

        <property
name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务）
--> 
    <bean
id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
   
    <bean
id="transactionBase" 

            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" 

            lazy-init="true" abstract="true"> 

        <!-- 配置事务管理器
--> 
        <property
name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /> 

        <!-- 配置事务属性
--> 
        <property
name="transactionAttributes"> 

            <props> 

                <prop
key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> 

            </props> 

        </property> 

    </bean>   

  
    <!-- 配置DAO
-->
    <bean
id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
   
    <bean
id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" > 

        <property
name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />  

    </bean>
</beans>

第三种方式：使用拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

    <bean
id="sessionFactory" 

            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 

        <property
name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 

        <property
name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务）
--> 
    <bean
id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean> 
  
    <bean
id="transactionInterceptor" 

        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor"> 

        <property
name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /> 

        <!-- 配置事务属性
--> 
        <property
name="transactionAttributes"> 

            <props> 

                <prop
key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> 

            </props> 

        </property> 

    </bean>
     
    <bean
class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator"> 

        <property
name="beanNames"> 

            <list> 

                <value>*Dao</value>
            </list> 

        </property> 

        <property
name="interceptorNames"> 

            <list> 

                <value>transactionInterceptor</value> 

            </list> 

        </property> 

    </bean> 

 
    <!-- 配置DAO
-->
    <bean
id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
</beans>

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config
/>
    <context:component-scan
base-package="com.bluesky" />

    <bean
id="sessionFactory" 

            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 

        <property
name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 

        <property
name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务）
--> 
    <bean
id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <tx:advice
id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method
name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
   
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut
id="interceptorPointCuts"
            expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
        <aop:advisor
advice-ref="txAdvice"
            pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />       

    </aop:config>     

</beans>

第五种方式：全注解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config
/>
    <context:component-scan
base-package="com.bluesky" />

    <tx:annotation-driven
transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <bean
id="sessionFactory" 

            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 

        <property
name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" /> 

        <property
name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean> 

    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务）
--> 
    <bean
id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property
name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
   
</beans>

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl
extends HibernateDaoSupport
implements UserDao {

    public List<User> listUsers() {
        return this.getSession().createQuery("from
User").list();
    }
   
   
}

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