这是在win7环境下的配置,路径以E:\software\opencv2.3.1\opencv为例。
下面废话少说，直接讲步骤：
1.先配置环境变量，这一步完成后，注销再登陆或者重启计算机后，环境变量才有用
方法：右击“我的电脑”->“属性”->“高级系统设置” ->“高级”->“环境变量”->“用户变量”->
PATH:E:\software\opencv2.3.1\opencv\build\x86\vc10\bin
E:\software\opencv2.3.1\opencv\build\common\tbb\ia32\vc10
2新建一个工程，左侧Visual C++选择：Win32，右侧可选Win32 Console Application。添加工程名即可。
配置include文件和library目录文件(强烈注意：添加目录时去文件夹找，而不要把下面的目录代码直接复制上去)
Solution Explorer右击该工程->Properties->VC++ Directories
添加include库目录：
E:\softwear\opencv2.3.1\opencv\build\include
E:\softwear\opencv2.3.1\opencv\build\include\opencv
E:\softwear\opencv2.3.1\opencv\build\include\opencv2
添加library库目录：
E:\softwear\opencv2.3.1\opencv\build\x86\vc10\lib
3.配置debug和release目录文件
Properties->Linker->左上角选择debug->Input->Additional Dependencies(附加依赖库)添加：
opencv_calib3d231d.lib
opencv_contrib231d.lib
opencv_core231d.lib
opencv_features2d231d.lib
opencv_flann231d.lib
opencv_gpu231d.lib
opencv_highgui231d.lib
opencv_imgproc231d.lib
opencv_legacy231d.lib
opencv_ml231d.lib
opencv_objdetect231d.lib
opencv_ts231d.lib
opencv_video231d.lib
Properties->Linker->左上角选择release->Input->Additional Dependencies(附加依赖库)添加：
opencv_calib3d231.lib
opencv_contrib231.lib
opencv_core231.lib
opencv_features2d231.lib
opencv_flann231.lib
opencv_gpu231.lib
opencv_highgui231.lib
opencv_imgproc231.lib
opencv_legacy231.lib
opencv_ml231.lib
opencv_objdetect231.lib
opencv_ts231.lib
opencv_video231.lib
好了，配置完成，直接用下面的例子试试你的配置吧。注意：每建一个新工程，都要做如上的配置。
简单实例1：
#include<core/core.hpp> //注意路径
#include<highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include<iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
Mat image;
image=imread("D:\\Image\\lena.jpg"); //Read the file,argv[1];注意是双斜杠！
if(! image.data) //Check for invalid input
{
cout<<"Could not open or find the amage"<<std::endl;
return -1;
}
namedWindow("Display window",1); //Create a window for display.
imshow("Display window",image); //Show our image inside it.
waitKey(0); //Wait for a keystroke in the window
return 0;
}
简单实例2：
// helloopencv.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
//#include "highgui.h"
//#include "cv.h"
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
const char* imagename = "lena.jpg";
//从文件中读入图像（将图片放在创建的工程名所在的文件里）
Mat img = imread(imagename);
//如果读入图像失败
if(img.empty())
{
fprintf(stderr, "Can not load image %s\n", imagename);
return -1;
}
//显示图像
imshow("image", img);
//此函数等待按键，按键盘任意键就返回
waitKey();
return 0;
}
简单实例3：
#include "highgui.h"
int main()
{
const char* imagename = "D:/Demo.jpg"; //随便放一张jpg图片在D盘或另行设置目录
cv::Mat img = cv::imread(imagename);
if(img.empty()) return -1; //是否加载成功
if(!img.data) return -1;
cv::namedWindow("image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
cv::imshow("image", img);
cv::waitKey();
return 0;
}