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Qt控件美化(基本使用)

2013年10月09日 ⁄ 综合 ⁄ 共 11818字 ⁄ 字号 评论关闭

http://blog.csdn.net/allen5200/article/details/6202957

级联样式表 (CSS) 包含应用于网页中的元素的样式规则。CSS 样式定义元素的显示方式以及元素在页中的放置位置。可以创建一个通用规则,只要 Web 浏览器遇到一个元素实例,或遇到一个分配给某个特定样式类的元素,该规则就立刻应用属性,而不是将属性逐个分配给页中的每个元素。

 
CSS 样式可以通过内联方式放置在单个 HTML 元素内,也可以在网页 head 部分的 style 块内加以分组,或从单独的样式表中导入。如果样式是在单独的样式表中创建的,则可以将多个网页链接到该样式表,从而为整个网站提供一个通用的外观。如果使用 CSS 设置 Web 控件的样式,则应使用 CssClass 属性来定义要与控件或控件元素关联的 CSS 类名,然后在样式表中为这些控件或控件元素指定样式时引用该类名。
 
    下面将通过几个例子来介绍一下怎样使用Qt 中的部件类型设计。自定义的前台背景与后台背景的颜色:
 
如果需要样一个文本编辑器的背景变为黄色, 下面是代码行:
    qApp->setStyleSheet("QLineEdit { background-color: yellow }");
 
针对一个对话框的内容中使用QLineEdit 以及QLineEdit 的子类的背景都变成黄色, 下面是代码:
    
         myDialog->setStyleSheet("QLineEdit { background-color: yellow }");
 
如果只需要制定一个QLineEdit 的内容, 将使用QObject::setObjectName() 下面是一个实例:
  
        myDialog->setStyleSheet("QLineEdit#nameEdit { background-color: yellow }");
 
同时也可以针对每一个指定的部件做直接的类型设置, 下面是一个实例:
 
 nameEdit->setStyleSheet("background-color: yellow");
 
为了做一个鲜明的对比, 将要为文本设置合适的颜色。
 
 nameEdit->setStyleSheet("color: blue; background-color: yellow");
 
当然最好的办法还有针对选择的文本来进行设置, 下面设置了一个选择文本的类型属性:
 nameEdit->setStyleSheet("color: blue;"
                         "background-color: yellow;"
                         "selection-color: yellow;"
                         "selection-background-color: blue;");
 
 
   在有一些情况下, 不需要用户参与, 而有软件设计人员来自己制定样式, 即使这些是有违审美角度。  下面就从应用程序开发角度来设计样式。
 
*[mandatoryField="true"] { background-color: yellow }
上面的意思是一些强制的区域是需要用Qt 的属性管理来强制设置成为黄色的背景。
这样一些强制的部件,将需要通过函数来设置当前的属性已经被强制设置, 下面是实现的代码:
 QLineEdit *nameEdit = new QLineEdit(this);
 nameEdit->setProperty("mandatoryField", true);
 
 QLineEdit *emailEdit = new QLineEdit(this);
 emailEdit->setProperty("mandatoryField", true);
 
 QSpinBox *ageSpinBox = new QSpinBox(this);
 ageSpinBox->setProperty("mandatoryField", true);

QPushButton:

下面我们将通过一个按钮的部件来设置属性样式:

  首先来设置一下样式:
     QPushButton#evilButton { background-color: red }
  说明设置的当前的按钮为红色。  作为一个flat 平滑的按钮时没有边界的。 下面是来改进一下对边界的设置。
 
    QPushButton#evilButton {
     background-color: red;
     border-style: outset;
     border-width: 2px;
     border-color: beige;
 }
 
     在这里设置了一个边界的类型与边界的宽度。  这样看上去就好多了,文档中无法展现图片, 有兴趣可以去Qt的变成环境当中去尝试。即使这样设计, 按钮看上去也是显得混乱,与主部件没有办法分开。 首先是在边界设置出一个空间出来, 并且强制的制定最小宽度,与环绕的弧度, 并且提供一个按钮的字体设置, 似的按钮看上去比较好看。
 
 QPushButton#evilButton {
     background-color: red;
     border-style: outset;
     border-width: 2px;
     border-radius: 10px;
     border-color: beige;
     font: bold 14px;
     min-width: 10em;
     padding: 6px;
 }
 
 
   如此这样当我们点击按钮的时候按钮也不会发生什么样的深刻变化。  所以就需要指定一个合适的背景颜色与不一样的边界类型。
 
 QPushButton#evilButton {
     background-color: red;
     border-style: outset;
     border-width: 2px;
     border-radius: 10px;
     border-color: beige;
     font: bold 14px;
     min-width: 10em;
     padding: 6px;
 }
 QPushButton#evilButton:pressed {
     background-color: rgb(224, 0, 0);
     border-style: inset;
 }
 
指定QPushButton 菜单指示器的子控制
 
   子控提供了访问子子元素的功能, 例如通常的时候一个按钮将会管理一个菜单,
 QPushButton#evilButton::menu-indicator {
     image: url(myindicator.png);
 }
 
同时如果美化一个按钮的话, 那么将可以通过定位符来确定美化按钮的路径, 通常可以是一个图片。
 QPushButton::menu-indicator {
     image: url(myindicator.png);
     subcontrol-position: right center;
     subcontrol-origin: padding;
     left: -2px;
 }
 
  经过以上的设置那么QPushButton 将会在方格的中心显示一个myindicator.png 的图片。
 
定制按钮
 
 
   QPushButton
{
         border: 2px solid #8f8f91;
         border-radius: 6px;
         background-color: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1,
                                           stop: 0 #f6f7fa, stop: 1 #dadbde);
         min-width: 80px;
     }
 
     QPushButton:pressed {
         background-color: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1,
                                           stop: 0 #dadbde, stop: 1 #f6f7fa);
     }
 
     QPushButton:flat {
         border: none; /*  没有边框的按钮 */
     }
 
     QPushButton:default {
         border-color: navy; /* 使得按钮显示变得更加突出 */
     }
 
        QPushButton:open { /* when the button has its menu open */
         background-color: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1,
                                           stop: 0 #dadbde, stop: 1 #f6f7fa);
     }
 
     QPushButton::menu-indicator {
         image: url(menu_indicator.png);
         subcontrol-origin: padding;
         subcontrol-position: bottom right;
     }
 
     QPushButton::menu-indicator:pressed, QPushButton::menu-indicator:open {
         position: relative;
         top: 2px; left: 2px; /* shift the arrow by 2 px */
     }
QSlider:

下面的横向的slider 

    QSlider::groove:horizontal {
         border: 1px solid #999999;
         height: 8px; /* the groove expands to the size of the slider by default. by giving it a height, it has a fixed size */
         background: qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:0, y2:1, stop:0 #B1B1B1, stop:1 #c4c4c4);
         margin: 2px 0;
     }
 
     QSlider::handle:horizontal {
         background: qlineargradient(x1:0, y1:0, x2:1, y2:1, stop:0 #b4b4b4, stop:1 #8f8f8f);
         border: 1px solid #5c5c5c;
         width: 18px;
         margin: -2px 0; /* handle is placed by default on the contents rect of the groove. Expand outside the groove */
         border-radius: 3px;
     }
 
 
       QSlider::groove:vertical {
         background: red;
         position: absolute; /* absolutely position 4px from the left and right of the widget. setting margins on the widget should work too... */
         left: 4px; right: 4px;
     }
 
     QSlider::handle:vertical {
         height: 10px;
         background: green;
         margin: 0 -4px; /* expand outside the groove */
     }
 
     QSlider::add-page:vertical {
         background: white;
     }
 
     QSlider::sub-page:vertical {
         background: pink;
     }
QSizeGrip:
一般讲通过一个图片进行设置 

     QSizeGrip {
         image: url(:/images/sizegrip.png);
         width: 16px;
         height: 16px;
     }
定制QSplitter:
QSplitter::handle {

         image: url(images/splitter.png);
     }
 
     QSplitter::handle:horizontal {
         height: 2px;
     }
 
     QSplitter::handle:vertical {
         width: 2px;
     }
QStatusBar:
将提供一个状态栏的边框与项目的定制:

  
    QStatusBar {
         background: brown;
     }
 
     QStatusBar::item {
         border: 1px solid red;
         border-radius: 3px;
     }
QTabWidget与QTabBar:
     QTabWidget::pane { /* The tab widget frame */
         border-top: 2px solid #C2C7CB;
     }
 QTabWidget::tab-bar { /* move to the right by 5px */
         left: 5px;       }
 

     /* Style the tab using the tab sub-control. Note that
         it reads QTabBar _not_ QTabWidget */

 QTabBar::tab {

         background: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1,
                                     stop: 0 #E1E1E1, stop: 0.4 #DDDDDD,
                                     stop: 0.5 #D8D8D8, stop: 1.0 #D3D3D3);
         border: 2px solid #C4C4C3;
         border-bottom-color: #C2C7CB;  /* same as the pane color */
         border-top-left-radius: 4px;
         border-top-right-radius: 4px;
         min-width: 8ex;
         padding: 2px;
     }
 QTabBar::tab:selected, QTabBar::tab:hover {
         background: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1,
                                     stop: 0 #fafafa, stop: 0.4 #f4f4f4,
                                     stop: 0.5 #e7e7e7, stop: 1.0 #fafafa);
     }

QTabBar::tab:selected {

         border-color: #9B9B9B;
         border-bottom-color: #C2C7CB;  /* same as pane color */
     }

QTabBar::tab:!selected {

         margin-top: 2px;  /* make non-selected tabs look smaller */
     }

QTabWidget::pane {  /* The tab widget frame */

         border-top: 2px solid #C2C7CB;
     }

QTabWidget::tab-bar {

         left: 5px;  /* move to the right by 5px */
     }

   /* Style the tab using the tab sub-control. Note that

         it reads QTabBar _not_ QTabWidget */
 QTabBar::tab {
         background: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1,
                                     stop: 0 #E1E1E1, stop: 0.4 #DDDDDD,
                                     stop: 0.5 #D8D8D8, stop: 1.0 #D3D3D3);
         border: 2px solid #C4C4C3;
         border-bottom-color: #C2C7CB;  /* same as the pane color */
         border-top-left-radius: 4px;
         border-top-right-radius: 4px;
         min-width: 8ex;
         padding: 2px;
     }

QTabBar::tab:selected, QTabBar::tab:hover {

         background: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1,
                                     stop: 0 #fafafa, stop: 0.4 #f4f4f4,
                                     stop: 0.5 #e7e7e7, stop: 1.0 #fafafa);
     }

QTabBar::tab:selected {

         border-color: #9B9B9B;
         border-bottom-color: #C2C7CB;  /* same as pane color */
     }

QTabBar::tab:!selected {

         margin-top: 2px;  /* make non-selected tabs look smaller */
     }
/* make use of negative margins for overlapping tabs */
 QTabBar::tab:selected {
         /* expand/overlap to the left and right by 4px */
         margin-left: -4px;
         margin-right: -4px;
     }
 
 QTabBar::tab:first:selected {
         margin-left: 0;  /* the first selected tab has nothing to overlap with on the left */
     }

QTabBar::tab:last:selected {

         margin-right: 0;  /* the last selected tab has nothing to overlap with on the right */
     }

QTabBar::tab:only-one {

         margin: 0;  /* 如果只有一个页面, 我们不能重叠边缘  */
     }

QTabWidget::pane { /* The tab widget frame */

         border-top: 2px solid #C2C7CB;
         position: absolute;
         top: -0.5em;
     }

QTabWidget::tab-bar {

         alignment: center;
     }

/* Style the tab using the tab sub-control. Note that

         it reads QTabBar _not_ QTabWidget */
 QTabBar::tab {
         background: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1,
                                     stop: 0 #E1E1E1, stop: 0.4 #DDDDDD,
                                     stop: 0.5 #D8D8D8, stop: 1.0 #D3D3D3);
         border: 2px solid #C4C4C3;
         border-bottom-color: #C2C7CB; /* same as the pane color */
         border-top-left-radius: 4px;
         border-top-right-radius: 4px;
         min-width: 8ex;
         padding: 2px;
     }

  QTabBar::tab:selected, QTabBar::tab:hover {

         background: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1,
                                     stop: 0 #fafafa, stop: 0.4 #f4f4f4,
                                     stop: 0.5 #e7e7e7, stop: 1.0 #fafafa);
     }

  QTabBar::tab:selected {

         border-color: #9B9B9B;
         border-bottom-color: #C2C7CB; /* same as pane color */
     }
 
定制 QTableWidget
  下面将设置QTableWidget  的粉色选中区域, 与白色背景。
 QTableWidget {
         selection-background-color: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0.5, y2: 0.5,
                                     stop: 0 #FF92BB, stop: 1 white);
     }

QTableWidget QTableCornerButton::section {

         background: red;
         border: 2px outset red;
     }
QToolBox:
下面是对工具条的一些选项进行定制

 
          QToolBar {
         background: red;
         spacing: 3px; /* spacing between items in the tool bar */
     }
 
     QToolBar::handle {
         image: url(handle.png);  // 可以设置工具条的背景图片
     } 
 
 定制 QToolBox
 
     将使用到 tab  的子控部分
 
            QToolBox::tab {
         background: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1,
                                     stop: 0 #E1E1E1, stop: 0.4 #DDDDDD,
                                     stop: 0.5 #D8D8D8, stop: 1.0 #D3D3D3);
         border-radius: 5px;
         color: darkgray;
     }
 
     QToolBox::tab:selected { /* italicize selected tabs */
         font: italic;
         color: white;
     }
  定制 QToolButton
 
     QToolButton { /* all types of tool button */
         border: 2px solid #8f8f91;
         border-radius: 6px;
         background-color: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1,
                                           stop: 0 #f6f7fa, stop: 1 #dadbde);
     }
 
     QToolButton[popupMode="1"] { /* only for MenuButtonPopup */
         padding-right: 20px; /* make way for the popup button */
     }
 
     QToolButton:pressed {
         background-color: qlineargradient(x1: 0, y1: 0, x2: 0, y2: 1,
                                           stop: 0 #dadbde, stop: 1 #f6f7fa);
     }
 
     /* the subcontrols below are used only in the MenuButtonPopup mode */
     QToolButton::menu-button {
         border: 2px solid gray;
         border-top-right-radius: 6px;
         border-bottom-right-radius: 6px;
         /* 16px width + 4px for border = 20px allocated above */
         width: 16px;
     }
 
     QToolButton::menu-arrow {
         image: url(downarrow.png);
     }
 
     QToolButton::menu-arrow:open {
         top: 1px; left: 1px; /* shift it a bit */
     }
QTreeView:
QTreeView::branch {

             background: palette(base);
     }
 
     QTreeView::branch:has-siblings:!adjoins-item {
             background: cyan;
     }
 
     QTreeView::branch:has-siblings:adjoins-item {
             background: red;
     }
 
     QTreeView::branch:!has-children:!has-siblings:adjoins-item {
             background: blue;
     }
 
     QTreeView::branch:closed:has-children:has-siblings {
             background: pink;
     }
 
     QTreeView::branch:has-children:!has-siblings:closed {
             background: gray;
     }
 
     QTreeView::branch:open:has-children:has-siblings {
             background: magenta;
     }
 
     QTreeView::branch:open:has-children:!has-siblings {
             background: green;
     }

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