由于习惯与使用目的的不同，每个人都会形成一些习惯性，并习惯性的使用着一些配套工具。许多工具由于其特有的一些优点，一直深受我们的喜爱。在浩如烟海的工具集中，我们该如何取舍，寻找属于我们自己风格的部件，这真是一个很困难的事情。最近本人总结了一下在机器中安装与经常使用的一些工具，根据自己的理解，记录如下（以备今后需要时有所参考，或供同道者参考之用）：
Software used in my linux system
Programming soft
Eclipse +jdk+jre java developing environment
Geany+gcc c/c++ developing environment
MonoDevelop .Net c# developing environment
mysql database developing and management
Matlab matlab developing and math analysis
System management soft
terminal/konsole using the shell
dolphin visual file management（文件管理的图形界面）
phone manager manage phones connected to this computer
Game and fun
kigo Chinese go playing（中国围棋）
kollision user control one ball avoiding collision with the other balls
ksnake a snake trying to eat all of the roadblocks（贪吃蛇）
palapeli trying to fix a broken picture（拼图）
killbots control a hero, avoiding the robots and try to destroy them
mines/kmines try to find the bombs（挖地雷）
Office and study
LibreOffice includes Writer, Calc, Impress, Draw, etc.
Kile/TexWorks+texlive tex/latex composing environment（Kile有记忆功能，之前打过的单词会以快捷菜单的形式提供，加快录入速度，个人感觉比winedit和texworks好用）
gedit/kwrite/knote notes and simple document editing and viewing（knote能打开windows的文本文档）
klatexformula constructs math formula (like mathtype), generating latex codes（公式编辑器，生成latex代码）
evince/okular pdf file viewer（okular有强大的编辑功能）
Using the net
firefox/opera/konquor surfing the net
empathy/pidgin chatting online
skype communicating between computer and phone
evolution/thunderbird mail management client（下载并删除服务器中的邮件，对鼠标滑轮的支持不如windows live mail，通过纯文本加载方式可以提高接收邮件的速度）
transmission file uploading or donwloading（支持断点续传）
Command tools
directory&file management
cd change direcotry
dir see the available files and folders in a directory
mkdir create a directory
rm remove (delete) some resource
mv move and rename a file (files)
cp/dd copy sources include files, folds, block devices
ls List the contents of your a directory
pwd show present working directory
vim view or edit plain text files
more/less Displays text one screen at a time ('space' key for next page)
grep search plain-text data sets for lines matching a regular expression
cat show contents of a file, or concatenates and lists files
touch create an empty file, modify access time of an exist file
head/tail Print the first(last) 10 lines of each FILE to standard output
stat Display file or file system status
sort Write sorted concatenation of all FILE(s) to standard output
wc displays a count of lines, words, and characters in a file
cmp/diff compare files and show differences between files
pr print out text file, control columns
umask chmod chown chgrp
file find ln tar cpio
df/du report disk space usage by filesystem
user and group management
useradd usermod userdel
groupadd groupmod groupdel
passwd
who whoami tty id su gpasswd newgrp
wall send message to all log in users
w show who is working and what is being done
process controlling and management
pstree/ps display information on current process
kill/killall kill some process
top produce an ordered list of running processes by some criteria
task management
at/batch schedule commands to be executed once, at a particular time
crontab schedule jobs to run periodically at certain times or dates
date&time management
date view or set date and time of the computer
cal calender
net working tool
ping test whether a particular host is reachable across an IP network
netstat displays network connections (both incoming and outgoing), routing tables, and a number of network interface statistics
arp hostname route ifconfig ifup/ifdown traceroute
telnet ssh ftp/tftp mail wget talk/write/mesg
other
yum/apt-get soft management
mount/unmount mount or unmount additional media such as usb disk
clear clear the contents of a screen
echo to output status text to the screen or a file
env display environment, set environment for process
which Write the full path of COMMAND(s) to standard output
alias supplying name/value pairs as arguments
备注：对于可执行文件，有些文件还有另外两种执行有关的属性：设置用户ID（setuid/suid），设置组ID（setgid/sgid）。当一个程序具有suid属性时，它执行的uid将是该程序所有者的uid，即有效uid，记为euid；而执行者原来的uid称为真实uid，记为ruid。suid对应于4000，sgid对应于2000。（按照文件的属性，若用八进制表示，它的u、g、o的读、写和执行权限可分别，400，40，4；200，20，2；100，10，1）。UNIX/Linux系统允许目录使用sticky属性（黏着位）。当一个目录设置了sticky位后，它内部的文件只能被文件主，目录主或超级用户删除、移动或更改。sticky对应于1000.