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Spring中使用atomikos+druid实现经典分布式事务的方法

2020年02月14日 编程语言 ⁄ 共 14636字 ⁄ 字号 评论关闭

经典分布式事务,是相对互联网中的柔性分布式事务而言,其特性为ACID原则,包括原子性(Atomictiy)、一致性(Consistency)、隔离性(Isolation)、持久性(Durabilit):

原子性:事务是一个包含一系列操作的原子操作。事务的原子性确保这些操作全部完成或者全部失败。 一致性:一旦事务的所有操作结束,事务就被提交。然后你的数据和资源将处于遵循业务规则的一直状态。 隔离性:因为同时在相同数据集上可能有许多事务处理,每个事务应该与其他事务隔离,避免数据破坏。 持久性:一旦事务完成,他的结果应该能够承受任何系统错误(想象一下在事务提交过程中机器的电源被切断的情况)。通常,事务的结果被写入持续性存储。

XA是啥?

XA是由X/Open组织提出的分布式事务的架构(或者叫协议)。XA架构主要定义了(全局)事务管理器(Transaction Manager)和(局部)资源管理器(Resource Manager)之间的接口。XA接口是双向的系统接口,在事务管理器(Transaction Manager)以及一个或多个资源管理器(Resource Manager)之间形成通信桥梁。也就是说,在基于XA的一个事务中,我们可以针对多个资源进行事务管理,例如一个系统访问多个数据库,或即访问数据库、又访问像消息中间件这样的资源。这样我们就能够实现在多个数据库和消息中间件直接实现全部提交、或全部取消的事务。XA规范不是java的规范,而是一种通用的规范,

目前各种数据库、以及很多消息中间件都支持XA规范。

JTA是满足XA规范的、用于Java开发的规范。所以,当我们说,使用JTA实现分布式事务的时候,其实就是说,使用JTA规范,实现系统内多个数据库、消息中间件等资源的事务。

JTA(Java Transaction API),是J2EE的编程接口规范,它是XA协议的JAVA实现。它主要定义了:

一个事务管理器的接口javax.transaction.TransactionManager,定义了有关事务的开始、提交、撤回等>操作。 一个满足XA规范的资源定义接口javax.transaction.xa.XAResource,一种资源如果要支持JTA事务,就需要让它的资源实现该XAResource接口,并实现该接口定义的两阶段提交相关的接口。如果我们有一个应用,它使用JTA接口实现事务,应用在运行的时候,就需要一个实现JTA的容器,一般情况下,这是一个J2EE容器,像JBoss,Websphere等应用服务器。但是,也有一些独立的框架实现了JTA,例如Atomikos, bitronix 都提供了jar包方式的JTA实现框架。这样我们就能够在Tomcat或者Jetty之类的服务器上运行使用JTA实现事务的应用系统。在上面的本地事务和外部事务的区别中说到,JTA事务是外部事务,可以用来实现对多个资源的事务性。它正是通过每个资源实现的XAResource来进行两阶段提交的控制。感兴趣的同学可以看看这个接口的方法,除了commit, rollback等方法以外,还有end(), forget(), isSameRM(), prepare()等等。光从这些接口就能够想象JTA在实现两阶段事务的复杂性。

本篇以Spring MVC+Maven+Atomikos+Druid+MyBatis演示分布式事务的实现。

Mave 的pom.xml

<properties> <jdk.version>1.8</jdk.version> <!-- 注mysql的版本和druid的版本一定要搭配,否则会有问题,目前这两个版本是搭配好的 --> <mysql.version>8.0.11</mysql.version> <druid.version>1.1.17</druid.version> <spring.version>5.1.8.RELEASE</spring.version> <cglib.version>3.2.12</cglib.version> <atomikos.version>5.0.0</atomikos.version> <aspectjweaver.version>1.9.4</aspectjweaver.version> <aspectjrt.version>1.5.4</aspectjrt.version> <jta.version>1.1</jta.version> <mybatise.version>3.2.0</mybatise.version> <mybatis.spring>1.2.0</mybatis.spring> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> <junit.version>4.12</junit.version> <cglib.version>3.2.4</cglib.version></properties><dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatise.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.spring}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atomikos</groupId> <artifactId>atomikos-util</artifactId> <version>${atomikos.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atomikos</groupId> <artifactId>transactions</artifactId> <version>${atomikos.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atomikos</groupId> <artifactId>transactions-jta</artifactId> <version>${atomikos.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atomikos</groupId> <artifactId>transactions-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${atomikos.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atomikos</groupId> <artifactId>transactions-api</artifactId> <version>${atomikos.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.transaction</groupId> <artifactId>jta</artifactId> <version>${jta.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cglib</groupId> <artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId> <version>${cglib.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring Aop依赖jar --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>${aspectjweaver.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId> <version>${aspectjrt.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- CGLIB --> <dependency> <groupId>cglib</groupId> <artifactId>cglib</artifactId> <version>${cglib.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>${druid.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scopte>test</scope> </dependency></dependencies>

spring-application-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd"> <!-- 1. 数据源配置 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:*.properties" file-encoding="utf8" /> <bean id="utf8" class="java.lang.String"> <constructor-arg value="utf-8"></constructor-arg> </bean> <!-- 开启异步任务(同时开启定时器注解扫描) --> <task:annotation-driven /> <!-- 使用@AspectJ风格的切面声明 --> <!-- <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/> --> <!-- 使用Annotation自动注册Bean --> <!-- 在主容器中不扫描@Controller注解,在SpringMvc中只扫描@Controller注解 --> <context:component-scan base-package="net.xiake6"><!-- base-package 如果多个,用“,”分隔 --> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> <!-- 引入Mybatis配置 --> <!-- <import resource="spring-mybatis-atomikos-druid.xml"/> --> <import resource="spring-mybatis-atomikos-druid.xml"/></beans>

spring-mybatis-atomikos-druid.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" default-lazy-init="true"> <context:annotation-config /> <!-- 使用Druid使为XA数据源 --> <bean id="abstractXADataSource" class="com.atomikos.jdbc.AtomikosDataSourceBean" init-method="init" destroy-method="close" abstract="true"> <property name="xaDataSourceClassName" value="com.alibaba.druid.pool.xa.DruidXADataSource"/> <property name="xaProperties"> <props> <prop key="driverClassName">${jdbc.driverClassName}</prop> <!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 --> <prop key="initialSize">10</prop> <prop key="minIdle">3</prop> <prop key="maxActive">100</prop> <!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 --> <prop key="maxWait">60000</prop> <!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒 --> <prop key="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis">60000</prop> <!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间,单位是毫秒 --> <prop key="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis">300000</prop> <prop key="validationQuery">SELECT 'x'</prop> <prop key="testWhileIdle">true</prop> <prop key="testOnBorrow">false</prop> <prop key="testOnReturn">false</prop> <!-- 配置监控统计拦截的filters --> <prop key="filters">stat</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置数据源一 --> <bean id="dataSourceOne" parent="abstractXADataSource"> <property name="uniqueResourceName"> <value>dataSourceOne</value> </property> <property name="xaProperties"> <props> <prop key="url">${jdbc.url}</prop> <prop key="username">${jdbc.username}</prop> <prop key="password">${jdbc.password}</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!--配置数据源二--> <bean id="dataSourceTwo" parent="abstractXADataSource"> <property name="uniqueResourceName"> <value>dataSourceTwo</value> </property> <property name="xaProperties"> <props> <prop key="url">${jdbc.two.url}</prop> <prop key="username">${jdbc.two.username}</prop> <prop key="password">${jdbc.two.password}</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!--mybatis的相关配置--> <bean id="sqlSessionFactoryOne" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceOne"/> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:mapping/ds1/*.xml"/> </bean> <bean id="sqlSessionFactoryTwo" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceTwo"/> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:mapping/ds2/*.xml"/> </bean> <!--配置mybatis映射文件自动扫描--> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="net.xiake6.dao.ds1"/> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactoryOne"/> </bean> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="net.xiake6.dao.ds2"/> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactoryTwo"/> </bean> <!--配置分布式事务--> <bean id="atomikosTransactionManager" class="com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionManager" init-method="init" destroy-method="close"> <property name="forceShutdown" value="false"/> </bean> <bean id="atomikosUserTransaction" class="com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionImp"> <property name="transactionTimeout" value="3000"/> </bean> <!--JTA事务管理器--> <bean id="jtaTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager"> <property name="transactionManager"> <ref bean="atomikosTransactionManager"/> </property> <property name="userTransaction"> <ref bean="atomikosUserTransaction"/> </property> <property name="allowCustomIsolationLevels" value="true"/> </bean> <aop:config proxy-target-class="true"> <aop:advisor pointcut="execution(* *net.xiake6.service..*(..))" advice-ref="txAdvice" /> </aop:config> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="jtaTransactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="*Exception"/> <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="*Exception" /> <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="*Exception" /> <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="*Exception" /> <tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="*Exception" /> <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" rollback-for="*Exception" /> <tx:method name="select*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" /> <tx:method name="query" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- 配置事务管理 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="jtaTransactionManager" /></beans>

jdbc.properties

#mysql 6.*以上jdbc.driverClassName = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverjdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&pinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection=true&useSSL=falsejdbc.username =rootjdbc.password =rootjdbc.two.url = jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&pinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection=true&useSSL=falsejdbc.two.username =rootjdbc.two.password =root

jta.properties

com.atomikos.icatch.service=com.atomikos.icatch.standalone.UserTransactionServiceFactorycom.atomikos.icatch.console_file_name=tm.release.outcom.atomikos.icatch.log_base_name=tm.releaselogcom.atomikos.icatch.tm_unique_name=com.atomikos.spring.jdbc.tm.releasecom.atomikos.icatch.console_log_level=INFO

TestInsert.java

@ContextConfiguration(value = {"classpath:spring-application-context.xml"})@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)public class TestInsert { private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestInsert.class); @Autowired private BatchInsertService batchInsertService; @Test public void insert(){ long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); User user = new User(); user.setName("User_"+(int)(Math.random()*100)); user.setAge((int)(Math.random()*100)); CustInfo info = new CustInfo(); info.setPhone("123456789"+(int)(Math.random()*100)); batchInsertService.insert(user,info); long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); logger.info("共耗时:{}毫秒",endTime -startTime); }}

BatchInsertService.java

@Servicepublic class BatchInsertService { private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(BatchInsertService.class); @Autowired private UserService userService; @Autowired private CustInfoService custInfoService; @Transactional(rollbackFor= {Exception.class,RuntimeException.class}) public void insert(User user,CustInfo custInfo) { int insertUser = userService.insert(user); logger.info("insertUser={}",insertUser); int insertCustInfo = custInfoService.insert(custInfo); logger.info("insertCustInfo={}",insertCustInfo); }}

UserService.java

@Servicepublic class UserService { @Autowired private UserMapper userMapper; public int insert(User record) { int result = userMapper.insert(record); return result; } }

CustInfoService.java

@Servicepublic class CustInfoService { @Autowired private CustInfoMapper custInfoMapper; public int insert(CustInfo record) { int result = custInfoMapper.insert(record); long now = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 模拟一个异常 if (now % 2 == 0) { throw new RuntimeException("CustInfoMapper throws test insert exception"); } return result; }}

Mapper和Bean等就不列出来了,完成的示例工程在github:https://github.com/fenglibin/DruidWithAtomikos

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持我们。

本文标题: Spring中使用atomikos+druid实现经典分布式事务的方法

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