Android:WebService使用实例

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Android:WebService使用实例

2013年10月30日 ⁄ 综合 ⁄ 共 13936字 ⁄ 字号小中大 ⁄ 评论关闭

最近刚刚开始学习使用WebService的方法进行服务器端数据交互，发现网上的资料不是很全，

目前就结合收集到的一些资料做了一个小例子和大家分享一下~

我们在PC机器java客户端中，需要一些库，比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService，但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端，做过JAVA
ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库，可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用，当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的jar包了，那么我们就开始吧：

首先下载KSOAP包：ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包

然后新建android项目：并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下：右键->build
path->configure build path--选择Libraries，如图：

同时，只添加jar包肯能是不够的，需要添加class folder，即可以再工程的libs文件夹中加入下载的KSOAP包，如图：

环境配好之后可以用下面七个步骤来调用WebService方法：

第一：实例化SoapObject对象，指定webService的命名空间（从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间），以及调用方法名称。如：

//命名空间
privatestatic final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
//调用方法(获得支持的城市)
privatestatic final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";

//实例化SoapObject对象
SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);

第二步：假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数：

request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");

第三步：设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号，与你要调用的webService中版本号一致)：

//获得序列化的Envelope
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
envelope.bodyOut=request;

第四步：注册Envelope：

(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);

第五步：构建传输对象，并指明WSDL文档URL：

//请求URL
privatestatic final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
//Android传输对象
AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
transport.debug=true;

第六步：调用WebService(其中参数为1：命名空间+方法名称，2：Envelope对象)：

transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);

第七步：解析返回数据：

if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){
return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());
}

这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务网站，在浏览器中输入网站：http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx可以看到该网站提供的

调用方法，点进去之后可以看到调用时需要输入的参数，当然有的不需要参数，例如：getSupportProvince ，而getSupportCity需要输入查找的省份名，getWeatherbyCityName
需要输入查找的城市名。接下来我们就利用这三个接口获得数据，并做出显示：

获得本天气预报Web Service支持的洲，国内外省份和城市信息：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	// WSDL文档中的命名空间
	private static final String targetNameSpace = "http://WebXml.com.cn/";
	// WSDL文档中的URL
	private static final String WSDL = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";

	// 需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息)
	private static final String getSupportProvince = "getSupportProvince";
	private List<Map<String,String>> listItems;
	private ListView mListView;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		listItems = new ArrayList<Map<String,String>>();
		mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.province_list);
		new NetAsyncTask().execute();
		mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
					int position, long id) {
				String mProvinceName = listItems.get(position).get("province");
				Log.d("ProvinceName", mProvinceName);
				Intent intent = new Intent();
				intent.putExtra("Pname", mProvinceName);
				intent.setClass(MainActivity.this, CityActivity.class);
				startActivity(intent);
			}
			
		});
	}

	class NetAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Object, String> {

		@Override
		protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
			if (result.equals("success")) {
				//列表适配器
				SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(MainActivity.this, listItems, R.layout.province_item, 
						new String[] {"province"}, new int[]{R.id.province});
				mListView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);
			}
			super.onPostExecute(result);
		}

		@Override
		protected String doInBackground(Object... params) {
			// 根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象
			SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,
					getSupportProvince);
			// 通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象
			SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(
					SoapEnvelope.VER11);
			// 将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息

			envelop.dotNet = true;
			envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
			// 或者envelop.bodyOut = soapObject;
			HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
			// 开始调用远程方法
			try {
				httpSE.call(targetNameSpace + getSupportProvince, envelop);
				// 得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象
				SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.getResponse();
				// 得到服务器传回的数据
				int count = resultObj.getPropertyCount();
				for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
					Map<String,String> listItem = new HashMap<String, String>();
					listItem.put("province", resultObj.getProperty(i).toString());
					listItems.add(listItem);
				}
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				return "IOException";
			} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				return "XmlPullParserException";
			}
			return "success";
		}
	}
}

显示省份列表的activity_main.xml文件：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <ListView 
        android:id="@+id/province_list"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>

</LinearLayout>

列表中选项显示的province_item.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    
    <TextView 
        android:id="@+id/province"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:textSize="20sp"/>

</LinearLayout>

效果图，如图：

查询本天气预报Web Services支持的国内外城市或地区信息：

public class CityActivity extends Activity {
	// WSDL文档中的命名空间
	private static final String targetNameSpace = "http://WebXml.com.cn/";
	// WSDL文档中的URL
	private static final String WSDL = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";

	// 需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合：带参数)
	private static final String getSupportCity = "getSupportCity";
	private List<Map<String,String>> listItems;
	private ListView mListView;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		listItems = new ArrayList<Map<String,String>>();
		mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.province_list);
		new NetAsyncTask().execute();
		//列表单击事件监听
		mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
					int position, long id) {
				String mCityName = listItems.get(position).get("city");
				String cityName = getCityName(mCityName);
				Log.d("CityName", cityName);
				Intent intent = new Intent();
				//存储选择的城市名
				intent.putExtra("Cname", cityName);
				intent.setClass(CityActivity.this, WeatherActivity.class);
				startActivity(intent);
			}
			
		});
	}
	/**
	 * 拆分“城市 （代码）”字符串，将“城市”字符串分离
	 * @param name
	 * @return
	 */
	public String getCityName(String name) {
		String city = "";
		int position = name.indexOf(' ');
		city = name.substring(0, position);
		return city;
	}

	class NetAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Object, String> {

		@Override
		protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
			if (result.equals("success")) {
				//列表适配器
				SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(CityActivity.this, listItems, R.layout.province_item, 
						new String[] {"city"}, new int[]{R.id.province});
				mListView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);
			}
			super.onPostExecute(result);
		}

		@Override
		protected String doInBackground(Object... params) {
			// 根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象
			SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);
			//参数输入
			String name = getIntent().getExtras().getString("Pname");
			soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", name);
			// 通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象
			SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(
					SoapEnvelope.VER11);
			// 将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息
			envelop.dotNet = true;
			envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
			HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
			// 开始调用远程方法
			try {
				httpSE.call(targetNameSpace + getSupportCity, envelop);
				// 得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象
				SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.getResponse();
				// 得到服务器传回的数据
				int count = resultObj.getPropertyCount();
				for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
					Map<String,String> listItem = new HashMap<String, String>();
					listItem.put("city", resultObj.getProperty(i).toString());
					listItems.add(listItem);
				}
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				return "IOException";
			} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				return "XmlPullParserException";
			}
			return "success";
		}
	}
}

用于列表显示的xml重复使用，这里就不再重复写一次了，效果图，如图：

最后，根据选择的城市或地区名称获得天气情况：

public class WeatherActivity extends Activity {
	//WSDL文档中的命名空间
    private static final String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
    //WSDL文档中的URL
    private static final String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";
    //根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数
    private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
    WeatherBean mWBean;
    private ImageView mImageView;
    private EditText mCityName;
    private EditText mTemp;
    private EditText mWeather;
    private TextView mToday;
    private TextView mDetail;
    private int Image[];
    
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.weather);
		Image = new int[]{R.drawable.image0,R.drawable.image1,R.drawable.image2,
				R.drawable.image3,R.drawable.image4,R.drawable.image5,
				R.drawable.image6,R.drawable.image7,R.drawable.image8,
				R.drawable.image9,R.drawable.image10,R.drawable.image11,
				R.drawable.image12,R.drawable.image13,R.drawable.image14,
				R.drawable.image15,R.drawable.image16,R.drawable.image17,
				R.drawable.image18,R.drawable.image19,R.drawable.image20,
				R.drawable.image21,R.drawable.image22,R.drawable.image23,
				R.drawable.image24,R.drawable.image25,R.drawable.image26,
				R.drawable.image27};
		mWBean = new WeatherBean();
		mImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.picture);
		mCityName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.city_name);
		mTemp = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.temp);
		mWeather = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.weather);
		mToday = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.today_weather);
		mDetail = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.city_detail);
		new NetAsyncTask().execute();
		
	}
	
	class NetAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Object, String> {

		@Override
		protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
			String image = mWBean.getWeatherPicture();
			int position = getImageId(image);
			Log.d("image", Image[position]+"");
			mImageView.setImageResource(Image[position]);
			mCityName.setText(mWBean.getCityName());
			mTemp.setText(mWBean.getTemp());
			mWeather.setText(mWBean.getWeather());
			mToday.setText(mWBean.getLiveWeather());
			mDetail.setText(mWBean.getCityDetail());
			super.onPostExecute(result);
		}
		
		public int getImageId(String picture) {
			int id = 0;
			int tempId = picture.indexOf('.');
			String sub = picture.substring(0, tempId);
			id = Integer.parseInt(sub);
			return id;
		}

		@Override
		protected String doInBackground(Object... params) {
			// 根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象
			SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName);
			String city = getIntent().getExtras().getString("Cname");
			soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);//调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）
			// 通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象
			SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
			// 将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息

			envelop.dotNet = true;
			envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
			// 或者envelop.bodyOut = soapObject;
			HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
			// 开始调用远程方法
			try {
				httpSE.call(targetNameSpace + getWeatherbyCityName, envelop);
				// 得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象
				SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.getResponse();
				// 得到服务器传回的数据
				mWBean.setCityName(resultObj.getProperty(1).toString());
				mWBean.setTemp(resultObj.getProperty(5).toString());
				mWBean.setWeather(resultObj.getProperty(6).toString());
				mWBean.setWeatherPicture(resultObj.getProperty(8).toString());
				mWBean.setLiveWeather(resultObj.getProperty(10).toString());
				mWBean.setCityDetail(resultObj.getProperty(22).toString());
				
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				return "IOException";
			} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				return "XmlPullParserException";
			}
			return "success";
		}
	}
}

这里没有显示全部的信息，提供了一个存储部分天气信息的类：

public class WeatherBean {
	private String CityName;
	private String Temp;
	private String Weather;
	private String WeatherPicture;
	private String LiveWeather;
	private String CityDetail;
	public String getCityName() {
		return CityName;
	}
	public void setCityName(String cityName) {
		CityName = cityName;
	}
	public String getLiveWeather() {
		return LiveWeather;
	}
	public void setLiveWeather(String liveWeather) {
		LiveWeather = liveWeather;
	}
	
	public String getTemp() {
		return Temp;
	}
	public void setTemp(String temp) {
		Temp = temp;
	}
	public String getWeather() {
		return Weather;
	}
	public void setWeather(String weather) {
		Weather = weather;
	}
	public String getWeatherPicture() {
		return WeatherPicture;
	}
	public void setWeatherPicture(String weatherPicture) {
		WeatherPicture = weatherPicture;
	}
	public String getCityDetail() {
		return CityDetail;
	}
	public void setCityDetail(String cityDetail) {
		CityDetail = cityDetail;
	}
}

显示天气状况的weather.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:orientation="vertical" >

        <TableLayout
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
            
            <TableRow>

                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="天气实况："
                    android:textSize="16sp" />

                <ImageView
                    android:id="@+id/picture"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
            </TableRow>

            <TableRow>

                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_weight="1"
                    android:text="城市:"
                    android:textSize="16sp" />

                <EditText
                    android:id="@+id/city_name"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_weight="2"
                    android:hint="城市名称"
                    android:editable="false" />
            </TableRow>

            <TableRow>

                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_weight="1"
                    android:text="温度:"
                    android:textSize="16sp" />

                <EditText
                    android:id="@+id/temp"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_weight="2"
                    android:hint="今日气温"
                    android:editable="false" />
            </TableRow>

            <TableRow>

                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_weight="1"
                    android:text="天气:"
                    android:textSize="16sp" />

                <EditText
                    android:id="@+id/weather"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_weight="2"
                    android:hint="今日天气"
                    android:editable="false" />
            </TableRow>

        </TableLayout>

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/today_weather"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textSize="16sp" />

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="城市简介："
            android:textSize="16sp" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/city_detail"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:textSize="16sp" />
    </LinearLayout>

</ScrollView>

效果图如图：

这里许多功能做得不是很完善，大家可以根据自己的需要进行设计~

【上篇】两个关于委托的实例
【下篇】VB.NET 实现DirectSound9 (10) 均衡器

作者: beeper

该日志由 beeper 于10年前发表在综合分类下，最后更新于 2013年10月30日.
转载请注明: Android:WebService使用实例 | 学步园 +复制链接

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Android:WebService使用实例

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