一. 概述:
跨进程通信(AIDL),主要实现进程(应用)间数据共享功能。
二. 实现流程:
1. 服务器端实现:
(1)目录结构,如下图:
(2)实现*.aidl文件:
A. IAIDLService.aidl实现:
- package com.focus.aidl;
- import com.focus.aidl.Person;
- interface IAIDLService {
- String getName();
- Person getPerson();
- }
import com.focus.aidl.Person;
interface IAIDLService {
String getName();
Person getPerson();
}
B. Person.aidl实现:
- parcelable Person;
(3)进程间传递对象必需实现Parcelable或Serializable接口,下面是被传递的Person对象实现:
- package com.focus.aidl;
- import android.os.Parcel;
- import android.os.Parcelable;
- public class Person implements Parcelable {
- private String name;
- private int age;
- public Person() {
- }
- public Person(Parcel source) {
- name = source.readString();
- age = source.readInt();
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public int getAge() {
- return age;
- }
- public void setAge(int age) {
- this.age = age;
- }
- public int describeContents() {
- return 0;
- }
- public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
- dest.writeString(name);
- dest.writeInt(age);
- }
- public static final Parcelable.Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() {
- public Person[] newArray(int size) {
- return new Person[size];
- }
- public Person createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
- return new Person(source);
- }
- };
- }
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;
public class Person implements Parcelable {
private String name;
private int age;
public Person() {
}
public Person(Parcel source) {
name = source.readString();
age = source.readInt();
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public int describeContents() {
return 0;
}
public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
dest.writeString(name);
dest.writeInt(age);
}
public static final Parcelable.Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() {
public Person[] newArray(int size) {
return new Person[size];
}
public Person createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
return new Person(source);
}
};
}
(4)实现IAIDLService.aidl文件中定义的接口,并定义Service,在Service被bind时返回此实现类:
- package com.focus.aidl;
- import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService.Stub;
- import android.app.Service;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.IBinder;
- import android.os.RemoteException;
- public class AIDLServiceImpl extends Service {
- @Override
- public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
- return mBinder;
- }
- /**
- * 在AIDL文件中定义的接口实现。
- */
- private IAIDLService.Stub mBinder = new Stub() {
- public String getName() throws RemoteException {
- return "mayingcai";
- }
- public Person getPerson() throws RemoteException {
- Person mPerson = new Person();
- mPerson.setName("mayingcai");
- mPerson.setAge(24);
- return mPerson;
- }
- };
- }
import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService.Stub;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
public class AIDLServiceImpl extends Service {
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mBinder;
}
/**
* 在AIDL文件中定义的接口实现。
*/
private IAIDLService.Stub mBinder = new Stub() {
public String getName() throws RemoteException {
return "mayingcai";
}
public Person getPerson() throws RemoteException {
Person mPerson = new Person();
mPerson.setName("mayingcai");
mPerson.setAge(24);
return mPerson;
}
};
}
(5)在AndroidManifest.xml文件中注册Service:
- <service android:name = ".AIDLServiceImpl" android:process = ":remote">
- <intent-filter>
- <action android:name = "com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService" />
- </intent-filter>
- </service>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name = "com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService" />
</intent-filter>
</service>
2. 客户端实现:
(1)目录结构,如下图:
(2)将服务器端的IAIDLService.aidl,Person.aidl和Person.java文件拷贝到本工程中,如上图所示:
(3)res/layout/main.xml实现:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:orientation = "vertical"
- android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
- android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
- >
- <TextView
- android:id = "@+id/name"
- android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
- android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
- />
- <Button
- android:id = "@+id/connection"
- android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
- android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
- android:text = "连接"
- />
- <Button
- android:id = "@+id/message"
- android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
- android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
- android:enabled = "false"
- android:text = "信息"
- />
- <Button
- android:id = "@+id/person"
- android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
- android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
- android:enabled = "false"
- android:text = "人"
- />
- </LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation = "vertical"
android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
>
<TextView
android:id = "@+id/name"
android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
/>
<Button
android:id = "@+id/connection"
android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
android:text = "连接"
/>
<Button
android:id = "@+id/message"
android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
android:enabled = "false"
android:text = "信息"
/>
<Button
android:id = "@+id/person"
android:layout_width = "wrap_content"
android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
android:enabled = "false"
android:text = "人"
/>
</LinearLayout>
(4)主Activity实现,从服务器端获取数据在客户端显示:
- package com.focus.aidl.client;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.ComponentName;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.content.ServiceConnection;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.os.IBinder;
- import android.os.RemoteException;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.TextView;
- import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService;
- import com.focus.aidl.Person;
- public class AIDLClientAcitivty extends Activity {
- private IAIDLService mAIDLService;
- private TextView mName;
- private Button mMessage;
- private Button mPerson;
- /**
- * 第一步,创建ServiceConnection对象,在onServiceConnected()方法中获取IAIDLService实现。
- */
- private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
- public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
- mAIDLService = IAIDLService.Stub.asInterface(service);
- mMessage.setEnabled(true);
- mPerson.setEnabled(true);
- }
- public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
- mAIDLService = null;
- mMessage.setEnabled(false);
- mPerson.setEnabled(false);
- }
- };
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- mName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.name);
- findViewById(R.id.connection).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- public void onClick(View view) {
- /**
- * 第二步,单击"连接"按钮后用mServiceConnection去bind服务器端创建的Service。
- */
- Intent service = new Intent("com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService");
- bindService(service, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
- }
- });
- mMessage = (Button) findViewById(R.id.message);
- mMessage.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- public void onClick(View view) {
- /**
- * 第三步,从服务器端获取字符串。
- */
- try {
- mName.setText(mAIDLService.getName());
- } catch (RemoteException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- });
- mPerson = (Button) findViewById(R.id.person);
- mPerson.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
- public void onClick(View view) {
- /**
- * 第四步,从服务器端获取Person对象。
- */
- try {
- Person mPerson = mAIDLService.getPerson();
- mName.setText("姓名:" + mPerson.getName() + ", 年龄:" + mPerson.getAge());
- } catch (RemoteException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- });
- }
- }
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService;
import com.focus.aidl.Person;
public class AIDLClientAcitivty extends Activity {
private IAIDLService mAIDLService;
private TextView mName;
private Button mMessage;
private Button mPerson;
/**
* 第一步,创建ServiceConnection对象,在onServiceConnected()方法中获取IAIDLService实现。
*/
private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
mAIDLService = IAIDLService.Stub.asInterface(service);
mMessage.setEnabled(true);
mPerson.setEnabled(true);
}
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
mAIDLService = null;
mMessage.setEnabled(false);
mPerson.setEnabled(false);
}
};
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
mName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.name);
findViewById(R.id.connection).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View view) {
/**
* 第二步,单击"连接"按钮后用mServiceConnection去bind服务器端创建的Service。
*/
Intent service = new Intent("com.focus.aidl.IAIDLService");
bindService(service, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
});
mMessage = (Button) findViewById(R.id.message);
mMessage.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View view) {
/**
* 第三步,从服务器端获取字符串。
*/
try {
mName.setText(mAIDLService.getName());
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
mPerson = (Button) findViewById(R.id.person);
mPerson.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View view) {
/**
* 第四步,从服务器端获取Person对象。
*/
try {
Person mPerson = mAIDLService.getPerson();
mName.setText("姓名:" + mPerson.getName() + ", 年龄:" + mPerson.getAge());
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
}