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根据身份证号,使用Java编写程序获取年龄、性别、出生日期

2012年06月12日 ⁄ 综合 ⁄ 共 10729字 ⁄ 字号 评论关闭

程序员必须要有一个好的思想,代码有时候就体现了一个人的灵魂,所以理解需求比技术更重要!

IdcardValidator类

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class IdcardValidator {
	/**
	 * 省,直辖市代码表: { 11:"北京",12:"天津",13:"河北",14:"山西",15:"内蒙古",
	 * 21:"辽宁",22:"吉林",23:"黑龙江",31:"上海",32:"江苏",
	 * 33:"浙江",34:"安徽",35:"福建",36:"江西",37:"山东",41:"河南",
	 * 42:"湖北",43:"湖南",44:"广东",45:"广西",46:"海南",50:"重庆",
	 * 51:"四川",52:"贵州",53:"云南",54:"西藏",61:"陕西",62:"甘肃",
	 * 63:"青海",64:"宁夏",65:"新疆",71:"台湾",81:"香港",82:"澳门",91:"国外"}
	 */
	protected String codeAndCity[][] = { { "11", "北京" }, { "12", "天津" },
			{ "13", "河北" }, { "14", "山西" }, { "15", "内蒙古" }, { "21", "辽宁" },
			{ "22", "吉林" }, { "23", "黑龙江" }, { "31", "上海" }, { "32", "江苏" },
			{ "33", "浙江" }, { "34", "安徽" }, { "35", "福建" }, { "36", "江西" },
			{ "37", "山东" }, { "41", "河南" }, { "42", "湖北" }, { "43", "湖南" },
			{ "44", "广东" }, { "45", "广西" }, { "46", "海南" }, { "50", "重庆" },
			{ "51", "四川" }, { "52", "贵州" }, { "53", "云南" }, { "54", "西藏" },
			{ "61", "陕西" }, { "62", "甘肃" }, { "63", "青海" }, { "64", "宁夏" },
			{ "65", "新疆" }, { "71", "台湾" }, { "81", "香港" }, { "82", "澳门" },
			{ "91", "国外" } };

	private String cityCode[] = { "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "21", "22",
			"23", "31", "32", "33", "34", "35", "36", "37", "41", "42", "43",
			"44", "45", "46", "50", "51", "52", "53", "54", "61", "62", "63",
			"64", "65", "71", "81", "82", "91" };

	// 每位加权因子
	private int power[] = { 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2 };

	// 第18位校检码
	private String verifyCode[] = { "1", "0", "X", "9", "8", "7", "6", "5",
			"4", "3", "2" };

	/**
	 * 验证所有的身份证的合法性
	 * 
	 * @param idcard
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean isValidatedAllIdcard(String idcard) {
		if (idcard.length() == 15) {
			idcard = this.convertIdcarBy15bit(idcard);
		}
		return this.isValidate18Idcard(idcard);
	}

	/**
	 * <p>
	 * 判断18位身份证的合法性
	 * </p>
	 * 根据〖中华人民共和国国家标准GB11643-1999〗中有关公民身份号码的规定,公民身份号码是特征组合码,由十七位数字本体码和一位数字校验码组成。
	 * 排列顺序从左至右依次为:六位数字地址码,八位数字出生日期码,三位数字顺序码和一位数字校验码。
	 * <p>
	 * 顺序码: 表示在同一地址码所标识的区域范围内,对同年、同月、同 日出生的人编定的顺序号,顺序码的奇数分配给男性,偶数分配 给女性。
	 * </p>
	 * <p>
	 * 1.前1、2位数字表示:所在省份的代码; 2.第3、4位数字表示:所在城市的代码; 3.第5、6位数字表示:所在区县的代码;
	 * 4.第7~14位数字表示:出生年、月、日; 5.第15、16位数字表示:所在地的派出所的代码;
	 * 6.第17位数字表示性别:奇数表示男性,偶数表示女性;
	 * 7.第18位数字是校检码:也有的说是个人信息码,一般是随计算机的随机产生,用来检验身份证的正确性。校检码可以是0~9的数字,有时也用x表示。
	 * </p>
	 * <p>
	 * 第十八位数字(校验码)的计算方法为: 1.将前面的身份证号码17位数分别乘以不同的系数。从第一位到第十七位的系数分别为:7 9 10 5 8 4
	 * 2 1 6 3 7 9 10 5 8 4 2
	 * </p>
	 * <p>
	 * 2.将这17位数字和系数相乘的结果相加。
	 * </p>
	 * <p>
	 * 3.用加出来和除以11,看余数是多少?
	 * </p>
	 * 4.余数只可能有0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10这11个数字。其分别对应的最后一位身份证的号码为1 0 X 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
	 * 2。
	 * <p>
	 * 5.通过上面得知如果余数是2,就会在身份证的第18位数字上出现罗马数字的Ⅹ。如果余数是10,身份证的最后一位号码就是2。
	 * </p>
	 * 
	 * @param idcard
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean isValidate18Idcard(String idcard) {
		// 非18位为假
		if (idcard.length() != 18) {
			return false;
		}
		// 获取前17位
		String idcard17 = idcard.substring(0, 17);
		// 获取第18位
		String idcard18Code = idcard.substring(17, 18);
		char c[] = null;
		String checkCode = "";
		// 是否都为数字
		if (isDigital(idcard17)) {
			c = idcard17.toCharArray();
		} else {
			return false;
		}

		if (null != c) {
			int bit[] = new int[idcard17.length()];

			bit = converCharToInt(c);

			int sum17 = 0;

			sum17 = getPowerSum(bit);

			// 将和值与11取模得到余数进行校验码判断
			checkCode = getCheckCodeBySum(sum17);
			if (null == checkCode) {
				return false;
			}
			// 将身份证的第18位与算出来的校码进行匹配,不相等就为假
			if (!idcard18Code.equalsIgnoreCase(checkCode)) {
				return false;
			}
		}
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * 验证15位身份证的合法性,该方法验证不准确,最好是将15转为18位后再判断,该类中已提供。
	 * 
	 * @param idcard
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean isValidate15Idcard(String idcard) {
		// 非15位为假
		if (idcard.length() != 15) {
			return false;
		}

		// 是否全都为数字
		if (isDigital(idcard)) {
			String provinceid = idcard.substring(0, 2);
			String birthday = idcard.substring(6, 12);
			int year = Integer.parseInt(idcard.substring(6, 8));
			int month = Integer.parseInt(idcard.substring(8, 10));
			int day = Integer.parseInt(idcard.substring(10, 12));

			// 判断是否为合法的省份
			boolean flag = false;
			for (String id : cityCode) {
				if (id.equals(provinceid)) {
					flag = true;
					break;
				}
			}
			if (!flag) {
				return false;
			}
			// 该身份证生出日期在当前日期之后时为假
			Date birthdate = null;
			try {
				birthdate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyMMdd").parse(birthday);
			} catch (ParseException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			if (birthdate == null || new Date().before(birthdate)) {
				return false;
			}

			// 判断是否为合法的年份
			GregorianCalendar curDay = new GregorianCalendar();
			int curYear = curDay.get(Calendar.YEAR);
			int year2bit = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(curYear)
					.substring(2));

			// 判断该年份的两位表示法,小于50的和大于当前年份的,为假
			if ((year < 50 && year > year2bit)) {
				return false;
			}

			// 判断是否为合法的月份
			if (month < 1 || month > 12) {
				return false;
			}

			// 判断是否为合法的日期
			boolean mflag = false;
			curDay.setTime(birthdate); // 将该身份证的出生日期赋于对象curDay
			switch (month) {
			case 1:
			case 3:
			case 5:
			case 7:
			case 8:
			case 10:
			case 12:
				mflag = (day >= 1 && day <= 31);
				break;
			case 2: // 公历的2月非闰年有28天,闰年的2月是29天。
				if (curDay.isLeapYear(curDay.get(Calendar.YEAR))) {
					mflag = (day >= 1 && day <= 29);
				} else {
					mflag = (day >= 1 && day <= 28);
				}
				break;
			case 4:
			case 6:
			case 9:
			case 11:
				mflag = (day >= 1 && day <= 30);
				break;
			}
			if (!mflag) {
				return false;
			}
		} else {
			return false;
		}
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * 将15位的身份证转成18位身份证
	 * 
	 * @param idcard
	 * @return
	 */
	public String convertIdcarBy15bit(String idcard) {
		String idcard17 = null;
		// 非15位身份证
		if (idcard.length() != 15) {
			return null;
		}

		if (isDigital(idcard)) {
			// 获取出生年月日
			String birthday = idcard.substring(6, 12);
			Date birthdate = null;
			try {
				birthdate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyMMdd").parse(birthday);
			} catch (ParseException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			Calendar cday = Calendar.getInstance();
			cday.setTime(birthdate);
			String year = String.valueOf(cday.get(Calendar.YEAR));

			idcard17 = idcard.substring(0, 6) + year + idcard.substring(8);

			char c[] = idcard17.toCharArray();
			String checkCode = "";

			if (null != c) {
				int bit[] = new int[idcard17.length()];

				// 将字符数组转为整型数组
				bit = converCharToInt(c);
				int sum17 = 0;
				sum17 = getPowerSum(bit);

				// 获取和值与11取模得到余数进行校验码
				checkCode = getCheckCodeBySum(sum17);
				// 获取不到校验位
				if (null == checkCode) {
					return null;
				}

				// 将前17位与第18位校验码拼接
				idcard17 += checkCode;
			}
		} else { // 身份证包含数字
			return null;
		}
		return idcard17;
	}

	/**
	 * 15位和18位身份证号码的基本数字和位数验校
	 * 
	 * @param idcard
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean isIdcard(String idcard) {
		return idcard == null || "".equals(idcard) ? false : Pattern.matches(
				"(^\\d{15}$)|(\\d{17}(?:\\d|x|X)$)", idcard);
	}

	/**
	 * 15位身份证号码的基本数字和位数验校
	 * 
	 * @param idcard
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean is15Idcard(String idcard) {
		return idcard == null || "".equals(idcard) ? false : Pattern.matches(
				"^[1-9]\\d{7}((0\\d)|(1[0-2]))(([0|1|2]\\d)|3[0-1])\\d{3}$",
				idcard);
	}

	/**
	 * 18位身份证号码的基本数字和位数验校
	 * 
	 * @param idcard
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean is18Idcard(String idcard) {
		return Pattern
				.matches(
						"^[1-9]\\d{5}[1-9]\\d{3}((0\\d)|(1[0-2]))(([0|1|2]\\d)|3[0-1])\\d{3}([\\d|x|X]{1})$",
						idcard);
	}

	/**
	 * 数字验证
	 * 
	 * @param str
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean isDigital(String str) {
		return str == null || "".equals(str) ? false : str.matches("^[0-9]*$");
	}

	/**
	 * 将身份证的每位和对应位的加权因子相乘之后,再得到和值
	 * 
	 * @param bit
	 * @return
	 */
	public int getPowerSum(int[] bit) {

		int sum = 0;

		if (power.length != bit.length) {
			return sum;
		}

		for (int i = 0; i < bit.length; i++) {
			for (int j = 0; j < power.length; j++) {
				if (i == j) {
					sum = sum + bit[i] * power[j];
				}
			}
		}
		return sum;
	}

	/**
	 * 将和值与11取模得到余数进行校验码判断
	 * 
	 * @param checkCode
	 * @param sum17
	 * @return 校验位
	 */
	public String getCheckCodeBySum(int sum17) {
		String checkCode = null;
		switch (sum17 % 11) {
		case 10:
			checkCode = "2";
			break;
		case 9:
			checkCode = "3";
			break;
		case 8:
			checkCode = "4";
			break;
		case 7:
			checkCode = "5";
			break;
		case 6:
			checkCode = "6";
			break;
		case 5:
			checkCode = "7";
			break;
		case 4:
			checkCode = "8";
			break;
		case 3:
			checkCode = "9";
			break;
		case 2:
			checkCode = "x";
			break;
		case 1:
			checkCode = "0";
			break;
		case 0:
			checkCode = "1";
			break;
		}
		return checkCode;
	}

	/**
	 * 将字符数组转为整型数组
	 * 
	 * @param c
	 * @return
	 * @throws NumberFormatException
	 */
	public int[] converCharToInt(char[] c) throws NumberFormatException {
		int[] a = new int[c.length];
		int k = 0;
		for (char temp : c) {
			a[k++] = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(temp));
		}
		return a;
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		
		String idcard15 = "";
		String idcard18 = "";
		IdcardValidator iv = new IdcardValidator();
		boolean flag = false;
		flag = iv.isValidate18Idcard(idcard18);
		System.out.println(flag);

		flag = iv.isValidate15Idcard(idcard15);
		System.out.println(flag);

		System.out.println(iv.convertIdcarBy15bit(idcard15));
		flag = iv.isValidate18Idcard(iv.convertIdcarBy15bit(idcard15));
		System.out.println(flag);

		System.out.println(iv.isValidatedAllIdcard(idcard18));

	}
}

IdcardInfoExtractor类:

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;


public class IdcardInfoExtractor {
	
	 // 省份  
    private String province;  
    // 城市  
    private String city;  
    // 区县  
    private String region;  
    // 年份  
    private int year;  
    // 月份  
    private int month;  
    // 日期  
    private int day;  
    // 性别  
    private String gender;  
    // 出生日期  
    private Date birthday; 
    //年龄
    private int age;
  
    private Map<String, String> cityCodeMap = new HashMap<String, String>() {  
        {  
            this.put("11", "北京");  
            this.put("12", "天津");  
            this.put("13", "河北");  
            this.put("14", "山西");  
            this.put("15", "内蒙古");  
            this.put("21", "辽宁");  
            this.put("22", "吉林");  
            this.put("23", "黑龙江");  
            this.put("31", "上海");  
            this.put("32", "江苏");  
            this.put("33", "浙江");  
            this.put("34", "安徽");  
            this.put("35", "福建");  
            this.put("36", "江西");  
            this.put("37", "山东");  
            this.put("41", "河南");  
            this.put("42", "湖北");  
            this.put("43", "湖南");  
            this.put("44", "广东");  
            this.put("45", "广西");  
            this.put("46", "海南");  
            this.put("50", "重庆");  
            this.put("51", "四川");  
            this.put("52", "贵州");  
            this.put("53", "云南");  
            this.put("54", "西藏");  
            this.put("61", "陕西");  
            this.put("62", "甘肃");  
            this.put("63", "青海");  
            this.put("64", "宁夏");  
            this.put("65", "新疆");  
            this.put("71", "台湾");  
            this.put("81", "香港");  
            this.put("82", "澳门");  
            this.put("91", "国外");  
        }  
    };  
      
    private IdcardValidator validator = null;  
      
    /** 
     * 通过构造方法初始化各个成员属性 
     */  
    public IdcardInfoExtractor(String idcard) {  
        try {  
            validator = new IdcardValidator();  
            if (validator.isValidatedAllIdcard(idcard)) {  
                if (idcard.length() == 15) {  
                    idcard = validator.convertIdcarBy15bit(idcard);  
                }  
                // 获取省份  
                String provinceId = idcard.substring(0, 2);  
                Set<String> key = this.cityCodeMap.keySet();  
                for (String id : key) {  
                    if (id.equals(provinceId)) {  
                        this.province = this.cityCodeMap.get(id);  
                        break;  
                    }  
                }  
  
                // 获取性别  
                String id17 = idcard.substring(16, 17);  
                if (Integer.parseInt(id17) % 2 != 0) {  
                    this.gender = "男";  
                } else {  
                    this.gender = "女";  
                }  
  
                // 获取出生日期  
                String birthday = idcard.substring(6, 14);  
                Date birthdate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd")  
                        .parse(birthday);  
                this.birthday = birthdate;  
                GregorianCalendar currentDay = new GregorianCalendar();  
                currentDay.setTime(birthdate);  
                this.year = currentDay.get(Calendar.YEAR);  
                this.month = currentDay.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;  
                this.day = currentDay.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);  
                
                //获取年龄
                SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy");
                String year=simpleDateFormat.format(new Date());
                this.age=Integer.parseInt(year)-this.year;
                
            }  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * @return the province 
     */  
    public String getProvince() {  
        return province;  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * @return the city 
     */  
    public String getCity() {  
        return city;  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * @return the region 
     */  
    public String getRegion() {  
        return region;  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * @return the year 
     */  
    public int getYear() {  
        return year;  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * @return the month 
     */  
    public int getMonth() {  
        return month;  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * @return the day 
     */  
    public int getDay() {  
        return day;  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * @return the gender 
     */  
    public String getGender() {  
        return gender;  
    }  
  
    /** 
     * @return the birthday 
     */  
    public Date getBirthday() {  
        return birthday;  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public String toString() {  
        return "省份:" + this.province + ",性别:" + this.gender + ",出生日期:"  
                + this.birthday;  
    }  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        String idcard = "";  
        IdcardInfoExtractor ie = new IdcardInfoExtractor(idcard);  
        System.out.println(ie.toString());  
    }

	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}  
	
}

测试类:

import java.util.Date;


public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		IdcardInfoExtractor idcardInfo=new IdcardInfoExtractor("372323199001061825");
		System.out.println("出生日期:"+idcardInfo.getYear()+"-"+idcardInfo.getMonth()+"-"+idcardInfo.getDay());
		System.out.println("性别:"+idcardInfo.getGender());
		System.out.println("年龄:"+idcardInfo.getAge());
		System.out.println("省份:"+idcardInfo.getProvince());
		
	}
}

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