以前Matlab作图时，要设置好多的变量， 如标题，x轴，y轴间隔， 字体，线条等等特性的设置。这些在写的时候比较麻烦， 今天写了一个集成的函数，直接包含了一个基本的特性，只要用结构体包含进来就可以了。非常的方便。
例子1
代码
% Demo shows how to:
% 1. use cell arrays when lines have different length
% 2. use repeating sequence of markers/colors/lineStyles
% 3. truncate axes to partially-specified limits
clear all
close all
%% Generate some data
maxIter = 200;
optTol = 1e-6;
err0 = 10000;
rho = .04;
rho2 = .04:.005:1;
for k = 1:maxIter
err1(k) = err0/sqrt(k);
if err1(k) < optTol
break;
end
end
for k = 1:maxIter
err2(k) = err0/k;
if err2(k) < optTol
break;
end
end
for k = 1:maxIter
err3(k) = err0/k^2;
if err3(k) < optTol
break;
end
end
for k = 1:maxIter
err4(k) = err0*(1-rho)^k;
if err4(k) < optTol
break;
end
end
for k = 1:maxIter
err5(k) = err0*(1-sqrt(rho))^k;
if err5(k) < optTol
break;
end
end
for k = 1:maxIter
err6(k) = err0*prod(1-rho2(1:k));
if err6(k) < optTol
break;
end
end
% Note: yData does not have same length, and is stored as cell array
xData = 1:maxIter;
yData{1} = err1;
yData{2} = err2;
yData{3} = err3;
yData{4} = err4;
yData{5} = err5;
yData{6} = err6;
legendStr = {'Sublinear1','Sublinear2','Sublinear3','Linear1','Linear2','Superlinear'};
%% Pretty Plot
figure;
options.logScale = 2;
% Note: prettyPlot will cycle through the given colors/lineStyles/markers
options.colors = [1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1];
options.lineStyles = {':','--','-'};
options.markers = {'o','s'};
% Note: we will truncate the lower y-axis limit but not the upper limit
options.ylimits = [1e-6 inf];
options.markerSpacing = [25 1
25 11
25 21
25 5
25 15
25 8];
options.xlabel = 'Iteration Number'; %% 设置的坐标
options.ylabel = 'Error';
options.legend = legendStr; %% 设置Graph legend
options.legendLoc = 'SouthWest'; %% 位置
%% 另外自己也可以写好多的函数。。。。。。很方便。
prettyPlot(xData,yData,options);
print -dpdf prettyPlot2.pdf
效果图：
关于preetyplot函数：
function [] = prettyPlot(xData,yData,options)
% prettyPlot(xData,yData,options)
%
% available options:
% legend - cell array containing legend entries (default = [])
% title - string containing plot title (default = [])
% xlabel - string containing x-axis label (default = [])
% ylabel - string containing y-axis label (default = [])
% lineWidth - width of lines (default = 3)
% colors - cell array or (n by 3) matrix containing line colors (default = 'b')
% lineStyles - cell array containing line styles (default = '-')
% markerSize - size of markers (default = [])
% markers - cell array containing markers (default = [])
% markerSpacing - (n by 2) matrix containing spacing between markers and offset for first marker
% xlimits - 2-vector containing lower and upper limits for x-axis (can be inf to show full range)
% ylimits - 2-vector containing lower and upper limits for y-axis (can be inf to show full range)
% logScale - can be 0 (regular scale), 1 (semilogx), or 2 (semilogy)
% legendLoc - location of legend (default = 'Best')
% useLines - whether to use lines (default = 1)
% fillFace - whether to fill markers (default = 1)
% errors - (n by p by 2) array containing upper and lower error lines
% errorStyle - line style for error bars
if nargin < 3
options = [];
end
[legendStr,plotTitle,plotXlabel,plotYlabel,lineWidth,colors,lineStyles,...
markerSize,markers,markerSpacing,xlimits,ylimits,logScale,legendLoc,...
useLines,fillFace,errors,errorStyle,errorColors] = ...
myProcessOptions(options,'legend',[],'title',[],'xlabel',[],'ylabel',[],...
'lineWidth',3,'colors',[],'lineStyles',[],...
'markerSize',12,'markers',[],'markerSpacing',[],...
'xlimits',[],'ylimits',[],...
'logScale',0,'legendLoc','Best','useLines',1,'fillFace',1,...
'errors',[],'errorStyle',{'--'},'errorColors',[]);
if logScale == 1
plotFunc = @semilogx;
elseif logScale == 2
plotFunc = @semilogy;
else
plotFunc = @plot;
end
if useLines == 0
defaultStyle = 'b.';
else
defaultStyle = 'b';
end
if iscell(yData)
nLines = length(yData);
else
nLines = size(yData,1);
end
for i = 1:nLines
% Get yData for line
if iscell(yData)
y{i} = yData{i};
else
y{i} = yData(i,:);
end
% Get xData for line
if isempty(xData)
x{i} = 1:length(y);
elseif iscell(xData)
x{i} = xData{i};
elseif size(xData,1) == 1
x{i} = xData(1:length(y{i}));
else
x{i} = xData(i,:);
end
% Plot
h(i) = plotFunc(x{i},y{i},defaultStyle);
hold on;
end
if isempty(markerSpacing)
for i = 1:length(h)
h(i) = applyStyle(h(i),i,lineWidth,colors,lineStyles,markers,markerSpacing);
end
else
for i = 1:length(h)
h(i) = applyStyle(h(i),i,lineWidth,colors,lineStyles,markers,markerSpacing);
if ~isempty(markers) && ~isempty(markers{1+mod(i-1,length(markers))})
hM = plotFunc(x{i}(markerSpacing(i,2):markerSpacing(i,1):end),y{i}(markerSpacing(i,2):markerSpacing(i,1):end),'b.');
applyStyle(hM,i,lineWidth,colors,[],markers,[]);
hM = plotFunc(x{i}(markerSpacing(i,2)),y{i}(markerSpacing(i,2)),defaultStyle);
h(i) = applyStyle(hM,i,lineWidth,colors,lineStyles,markers,[]);
end
end
end
if ~isempty(errors)
if isempty(errorColors)
errorColors = colors+.75;
errorColors(:) = min(errorColors(:),1);
end
for i = 1:length(h)
hL = plotFunc(x{i},errors{i,1},defaultStyle);
hU = plotFunc(x{i},errors{i,2},defaultStyle);
applyStyle(hL,i,lineWidth,errorColors,errorStyle,[],markerSpacing);
applyStyle(hU,i,lineWidth,errorColors,errorStyle,[],markerSpacing);
end
end
set(gca,'FontName','AvantGarde','FontWeight','normal','FontSize',12);
if ~isempty(legendStr)
h = legend(h,legendStr);
set(h,'FontSize',10,'FontWeight','normal');
set(h,'Location','Best');
set(h,'Location',legendLoc);
end
if ~isempty(plotTitle)
h = title(plotTitle);
set(h,'FontName','AvantGarde','FontSize',12,'FontWeight','bold');
end
if ~isempty(plotXlabel) || ~isempty(plotYlabel)
h1 = xlabel(plotXlabel);
h2 = ylabel(plotYlabel);
set([h1 h2],'FontName','AvantGarde','FontSize',12,'FontWeight','normal');
end
set(gca, ...
'Box' , 'on' , ...
'TickDir' , 'out' , ...
'TickLength' , [.02 .02] , ...
'XMinorTick' , 'off' , ...
'YMinorTick' , 'off' , ...
'LineWidth' , 1 );
if ~isempty(xlimits)
xl = xlim;
xlimits(xlimits == -inf) = xl(1);
xlimits(xlimits == inf) = xl(2);
xlim(xlimits);
end
if ~isempty(ylimits)
yl = ylim;
ylimits(ylimits == -inf) = yl(1);
ylimits(ylimits == inf) = yl(2);
ylim(ylimits);
end
set(gcf, 'PaperPositionMode', 'auto');
function [h] = applyStyle(h,i,lineWidth,colors,lineStyles,markers,markerSpacing)
hold on;
set(h,'LineWidth',lineWidth);
if ~isempty(colors)
if iscell(colors)
set(h,'Color',colors{1+mod(i-1,length(colors))});
else
set(h,'Color',colors(1+mod(i-1,size(colors,1)),:));
end
end
if ~isempty(lineStyles) && useLines
if isempty(lineStyles)
set(h,'LineStyle','-');
else
if ~isempty(lineStyles{1+mod(i-1,length(lineStyles))})
set(h,'LineStyle',lineStyles{1+mod(i-1,length(lineStyles))});
end
end
end
if ~isempty(markers)
if ~isempty(markers{1+mod(i-1,length(markers))})
if isempty(markerSpacing)
set(h,'Marker',markers{1+mod(i-1,length(markers))});
set(h,'MarkerSize',markerSize);
if fillFace
set(h,'MarkerFaceColor',[1 1 .9]);
end
end
end
end
end
end
非常的方便啦。。可以直接调用。
例子 2：
clear all; close all;
figure; hold on; set(gca,'FontSize',16); set(gca,'FontName','Times'); set(gcf,'Color',[1,1,1]);
xlabel('x');ylabel('y');title('a family plot with nice legend');
x = (1:1000);
xMid = (x(1)+2*x(end))/3;
parVals = [1 1.5 2 3];
num_Markers = 8; %<--------
LineTypes = {'-.','-','--'};
MarkerTypes = {'h','o','s','d','^','v','>','<','p'};
colors = {'m','r','b',[1 1 1]*0.5};
for ip=1:length(parVals)
col = colors{1+mod(ip,length(colors))};
ls = LineTypes{1+mod(ip,length(LineTypes))};
lm = MarkerTypes{1+mod(ip,length(MarkerTypes))};
g = parVals(ip);
y = 1 + 1/g*abs(1e4./(xMid + (x-xMid/g).^(2-0.2*g))); % a function that changes with parameter g
legCell{ip} = ['fA, g=',num2str(g)]; %legend text
[p1,p2,p3] = line_fewer_markers(x,y,num_Markers,'color',col,'linestyle',ls, 'linewidth',2, 'marker', lm, 'markerfacecolor',col,'LockOnMax',1,'Spacing','curve','parent',gca);
end
lh = legend(legCell,'Location','NorthWest');
效果：
clear all; close all;
figure; hold on; set(gca,'FontSize',16); set(gca,'FontName','Times'); set(gcf,'Color',[1,1,1]);
xlabel('x');ylabel('y');title('a family plot with nice legend');
t = 0:0.005:pi;
line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,cos(t) ,9, '--bs','spacing','curve');
line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t) ,9, '-.ro','MFC','g','Mks',6,'linewidth',2);
grey1 = [1 1 1]*0.5;
line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t).*cos(t) ,15, ':','Mk','p','color',grey1,'MFC',grey1,'linewidth',2,'LockOnMax',1);
leg = legend('cos','sin','sin*cos','location','best');
效果：
clear all; close all;
figure; hold on; set(gca,'FontSize',16); set(gca,'FontName','Times'); set(gcf,'Color',[1,1,1]);
xlabel('x');ylabel('y');title('a family plot with nice legend');
t = 0:0.005:pi;
grey1 = [1 1 1]*0.5;
% line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,cos(t) ,9, '--bs','spacing','curve');
% line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t) ,9, '-.ro','MFC','g','Mks',6,'linewidth',2);
% line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t).*cos(t) ,15, ':','Mk','p','color',grey1,'MFC',grey1,'linewidth',2,'LockOnMax',1);
line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,cos(t) ,9, '--bs','spacing','curve','LegendLine','off');
line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t) ,9, '-.ro','MFC','g','Mks',6,'linewidth',2,'LegendLine','off');
line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t).*cos(t) ,15, ':','Mk','p','color',grey1,'MFC',grey1,'linewidth',2,'LockOnMax',1,'LegendLine','off');
leg = legend('cos','sin','sin*cos','location','best');
效果：
% line_fewer_markers 函数：
% line_fewer_markers - line with controlled amount of markers and correct legend behaviour
%
% LINE_FEWER_MARKERS(X,Y,NUM_MARKERS) adds the line in vectors X and Y to the current axes
% with exactly NUM_MARKERS markers drawn.
%
% LINE_FEWER_MARKERS(X,Y,NUM_MARKERS,'PropertyName',PropertyValue,...) plots the data
% stored in the vectors X and Y.
%
% LINE_FEWER_MARKERS returns handles to LINE/MARKER objects.
%
% [H1,H2,H3] = LINE_FEWER_MARKERS(X,Y,NUM_MARKERS,'PropertyName',PropertyValue,...)
% performs the actions as above and returns the handles of all the plotted lines/markers.
% H1 = handle to the main marker(1 point); it may be put in array and used with legend
% H2 = handle to the continuous line (as in H2=plot())
% H3 = handle to all other markers
%
% Property/Value pairs and descriptions:
%
% Spacing - 'x' : ordinary uniform along x
% - 'curve' : equal lengths along curve y(x)
%
% LockOnMax - 0 : first marker on 1st data point
% - 1 : offset all markers such that one marker on first max of y(x)
%
% LegendLine - 'on' : default, reproduce linestyle also in legend
% - 'off' : shows only marker in legend
%
% LineSpec: same as for LINE: LineStyle,LineWidth,Marker,MarkerSize,MarkerFaceColor...
%
%
% Example: plot 3 curves with 9,9, and 15 markers each, using different input styles
%
% figure; hold on;
% t = 0:0.005:pi;
% line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,cos(t) ,9, '--bs','spacing','curve');
% line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t) ,9, '-.ro','MarkerFaceColor','g', ...
% 'markersize',6,'linewidth',2);
% grey1 = [1 1 1]*0.5;
% line_fewer_markers(t*180/pi,sin(t).*cos(t) ,15, ':','marker','h','color',grey1, ...
% 'markerfacecolor',grey1,'linewidth',2,'LockOnMax',1);
% leg = legend('cos','sin','sin*cos','location','best');
%
% Inspired by Ioannis Filippidis's answer:
% http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/2165-too-many-markers
%
% rev.3, Massimo Ciacci, August 19, 2013
%
function [H1,H2,H3] = line_fewer_markers(x,y,num_Markers, varargin)
%% find marker spec in varargin and remove it; extract special params: LockOnMax,Spacing
if mod(length(varargin),2)
if ischar(varargin{1})
linspec = varargin{1};
extraArgs = varargin(2:end);
[varargInNoMk,varargInNoMkNoLn,lm,ms,mfc,LockOnMax,Spacing,LegendLine] = parseargsLineSpec(linspec,extraArgs);
else
error('odd sized [param | val] list, missing one param ?');
end
else
[varargInNoMk,varargInNoMkNoLn,lm,ms,mfc,LockOnMax,Spacing,LegendLine] = parseargs(varargin{:});
end
%% input size check
if isvector(x) && isvector(y)
% make x,y row vectors
if iscolumn(x), x = x.'; end
if iscolumn(y), y = y.'; end
else
error('line_fewer_markers: input arguments must be 1D vectors');
end
% How the method works: plots 3 times:
% a) once only the line with all points with the style 'r--' and invisible handle,
% b) last time the markers, using fewer points with style 'ro' and again invisible handle.
% c) once with a visible handle, only the first point, using the complete style you specified (e.g. 'r--o')
%% a) once only the line with all points with the style
H2 = line(x ,y ,varargInNoMk{:}); %no markers here
hasbehavior(H2,'legend',0); %prevent to appear in legends!
%% b) last time the markers, using fewer points with style
if (strcmp(Spacing,'x') || strcmp(Spacing,'X'))
ti = round(linspace(1,length(x),num_Markers));
elseif (strcmp(Spacing,'curve') || strcmp(Spacing,'Curve'))
scaleY = 3/4; % 1/1 figure aspect ratio
yNrm = (y-min(y))./(max(y)-min(y))*scaleY; %NORMALIZE y scale in [0 1], height of display is prop to max(abs(y))
xNrm = (x-min(x))./(max(x)-min(x)); %NORMALIZE x scale in [0 1]
if (sum(isinf(yNrm))>0) || sum(isinf(x))>0 %spacing along curve not possible with infinites
ti = round(linspace(1,length(x),num_Markers));
else
t = 1:length(x);
s = [0 cumsum(sqrt(diff(xNrm).^2+diff(yNrm).^2))]; %measures length along the curve
si = (0:num_Markers-1)*s(end)/(num_Markers-1); %equally spaced lengths along the curve
si(end) = s(end); %fix last point to be within the curve
ti = round(interp1(s,t,si)); %find x index of markers
end
else
error('invalid spacing parameter');
end
if LockOnMax
%set one ti on max if found
[Mv,idx] = max(y); idx=idx(1);
[mv,idxti] = min(abs(idx-ti));
deltati = ti(idxti)-idx;
ti = max(1,min(ti-deltati,length(y)));
end
xi = x(ti);
yi = y(ti);
H3 = line(xi,yi,varargInNoMkNoLn{:},'Marker',lm,'MarkerSize',ms,'MarkerFaceColor',mfc,'LineStyle','none'); %plot markers only
hasbehavior(H3,'legend',0); %prevent to appear in legends!
%% c) once with a visible handle, only the first point, using the complete style you specified
if strcmp(LegendLine,'on')
H1 = line(xi(1),yi(1),varargInNoMk{:},'Marker',lm,'MarkerSize',ms,'MarkerFaceColor',mfc);
else
H1 = line(xi(1),yi(1),varargInNoMk{:},'linestyle','none','Marker',lm,'MarkerSize',ms,'MarkerFaceColor',mfc);
end
%-------------------------------------------------------------
% PARSE FUNCTIONS
%-------------------------------------------------------------
% varargInNoMk = list of property pairs, marker specs removed
% varargInNoMkNoLn = list of property pairs, marker specs and line specs removed
function [varargInNoMk,varargInNoMkNoLn,lm,ms,mfc,LockOnMax,Spacing,LegendLine] = parseargs(varargin)
lm =[]; ms =[]; mfc=[]; LockOnMax=[]; Spacing=[]; LegendLine=[];
varargInNoMk = {};
varargInNoMkNoLn = {};
arg_index = 1;
while arg_index <= length(varargin)
arg = varargin{arg_index};
% extract special params and marker specs from arg list
if strcmp(arg,'marker') || strcmp(arg,'Marker') || strcmp(arg,'Mk') || strcmp(arg,'mk')
lm = varargin{arg_index+1};
elseif strcmp(arg,'MarkerSize') || strcmp(arg,'markersize') || strcmp(arg,'Mks') || strcmp(arg,'mks')
ms = varargin{arg_index+1};
elseif strcmp(arg,'MarkerFaceColor') || strcmp(arg,'markerfacecolor')||strcmp(arg,'MFC')||strcmp(arg,'mfc')
mfc = varargin{arg_index+1};
elseif strcmp(arg,'LockOnMax') || strcmp(arg,'lockonmax')
LockOnMax = varargin{arg_index+1};
elseif strcmp(arg,'Spacing') || strcmp(arg,'spacing')
Spacing = varargin{arg_index+1};
elseif strcmp(arg,'LegendLine') || strcmp(arg,'legendline')
LegendLine = varargin{arg_index+1};
else
% keep other params in arg list for line command
varargInNoMk = {varargInNoMk{:}, varargin{arg_index}, varargin{arg_index+1}};
if ~strcmp(arg,'LineStyle') && ~strcmp(arg,'linestyle')
% exclude line params for marker only plot
varargInNoMkNoLn = {varargInNoMkNoLn{:}, varargin{arg_index}, varargin{arg_index+1}};
end
end
arg_index = arg_index + 2;
end
%EXTRA DEFAULTS ARE SET HERE
if isempty(lm), lm = 'o' ; end
if isempty(ms), ms = 10 ; end
if isempty(mfc), mfc = 'none'; end
if isempty(LockOnMax), LockOnMax = 1 ; end
if isempty(Spacing), Spacing = 'x' ; end %%'x' -> marker delta-x constant; 'curve' : spacing constant along the curve length
if isempty(LegendLine), LegendLine = 'on' ; end
%-------------------------------------------------------------
% Parse LineSpec string and other arguments
% varargInNoMk = list of property pairs, marker specs removed
% varargInNoMkNoLn = list of property pairs, marker specs and line specs removed
function [varargInNoMk,varargInNoMkNoLn,lm,ms,mfc,LockOnMax,Spacing,LegendLine] = parseargsLineSpec(linspec, extraArgs)
% b blue . point - solid
% g green o circle : dotted
% r red x x-mark -. dashdot
% c cyan + plus -- dashed
% m magenta * star (none) no line
% y yellow s square
% k black d diamond
% w white v triangle (down)
% ^ triangle (up)
% < triangle (left)
% > triangle (right)
% p pentagram
% h hexagram
varargInNoMk = {};
varargInNoMkNoLn = {};
foundLine = false;
stringSearch = {'-.','--','-',':'};
for ii=1:4
if strfind(linspec, stringSearch{ii})
foundLine = true;
ls = stringSearch{ii};
linspec = setdiff(linspec,ls);
break
end
end
if foundLine
varargInNoMk = {varargInNoMk{:},'lineStyle',ls};
else
varargInNoMk = {varargInNoMk{:},'lineStyle','-'};
end
if ~isempty(linspec)
foundCol = false;
stringSearch = {'b','g','r','c','m','y','k','w'};
for ii=1:8
if strfind(linspec, stringSearch{ii})
foundCol = true;
colspec = stringSearch{ii};
linspec = setdiff(linspec,colspec);
break
end
end
if foundCol
varargInNoMk = {varargInNoMk{:},'color',colspec};
varargInNoMkNoLn = {varargInNoMkNoLn{:},'color',colspec};
end
end
if ~isempty(linspec)
foundMk = false;
stringSearch = {'.','o','x','+','*','s','d','v','^','<','>','p','h'};
for ii=1:13
if strfind(linspec, stringSearch{ii})
foundMk = true;
mkspec = stringSearch{ii};
break
end
end
if foundMk, lm = mkspec; else lm = 'none'; end
else
lm = 'none';
end
[extraArgs1,unused,lm2,ms,mfc,LockOnMax,Spacing,LegendLine] = parseargs(extraArgs{:});
if strcmp(lm,'none') && ~strcmp(lm2,'none') %if other marker specified in Property Pairs take that one
lm = lm2;
end
varargInNoMk = {varargInNoMk{:},extraArgs1{:}};
varargInNoMkNoLn = {varargInNoMkNoLn{:},extraArgs1{:}};