C++ Builder 中操作XML文件
在C++ Builder中操作XML文件这方面的文章，我在网上找了一下不是很多。有一篇是介绍直接操作DOM节点的方法操作XML文件。这种方法对XML文件的层次操作的时候显得特别复杂。这里介绍一个比较简单的方法。首先我们定义一个XML文件的Schema或者DTD。然后在我们程序里边添加一个TXMLDocument控件。然后双击这个控件弹出绑定向导。第一步选择刚才创建的Shema或者DTD文件。第二步显示向导为我们Shema或者DTD里边定义的元素生成的操作全局函数。第三步显示接口的代码预览。确认后生成我们的Shema或者DTD的包装文件。然后我们操作这个XML的时候直接使用这个文件里边的接口会十分的方便
下边我们用一个描述电子邮件shema为例子来说明。shema的代码如下：
email.xsd
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- edited with XML Spy v4.3 U (http://www.xmlspy.com) by ZSL (YSS) -->
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
<xs:complexType name="BodyType">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="text" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="attachment" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="HeadType">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="from" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="to" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="Subject" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="emailType">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="head" type="HeadType"/>
<xs:element name="Body" type="BodyType"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:element name="email" type="emailType">
<xs:annotation>
<xs:documentation>Comment describing your root element</xs:documentation>
</xs:annotation>
</xs:element>
</xs:schema>
这个Shema用任意一个工具都可以生很简单的生成。下边是生成的包装文件的代码。
email.h
// ****************************************************** //
//
// XML Data Binding
//
// Generated on: 2006-8-11 15:26:34
// Generated from: D:/My document/xml/email.xsd
// Settings stored in: D:/My document/xml/email.xdb
//
// ****************************************************** //
#ifndef emailH
#define emailH
#include <System.hpp>
#include <xmldom.hpp>
#include <XMLDoc.hpp>
#include <XMLIntf.hpp>
#include <XMLNodeImp.h>
// Forward Decls
__interface IXMLemailType;
typedef System::DelphiInterface<IXMLemailType> _di_IXMLemailType;
__interface IXMLHeadType;
typedef System::DelphiInterface<IXMLHeadType> _di_IXMLHeadType;
__interface IXMLnameAddressType;
typedef System::DelphiInterface<IXMLnameAddressType> _di_IXMLnameAddressType;
__interface IXMLBodyType;
typedef System::DelphiInterface<IXMLBodyType> _di_IXMLBodyType;
__interface IXMLattachment;
typedef System::DelphiInterface<IXMLattachment> _di_IXMLattachment;
__interface IXMLattachmentList;
typedef System::DelphiInterface<IXMLattachmentList> _di_IXMLattachmentList;
// IXMLemailType
__interface INTERFACE_UUID("{720E005C-A031-4C58-BA0A-511F20A89099}") IXMLemailType : public IXMLNode
{
public:
// Property Accessors
virtual _di_IXMLHeadType __fastcall Get_head() = 0;
virtual _di_IXMLBodyType __fastcall Get_Body() = 0;
// Methods & Properties
__property _di_IXMLHeadType head = { read=Get_head };
__property _di_IXMLBodyType Body = { read=Get_Body };
};
// IXMLHeadType
__interface INTERFACE_UUID("{6A33C386-3111-42AF-8F07-C948A37C38D5}") IXMLHeadType : public IXMLNode
{
public:
// Property Accessors
virtual _di_IXMLnameAddressType __fastcall Get_from() = 0;
virtual _di_IXMLnameAddressType __fastcall Get_to() = 0;
virtual WideString __fastcall Get_Subject() = 0;
virtual void __fastcall Set_Subject(WideString Value) = 0;
// Methods & Properties
__property _di_IXMLnameAddressType from = { read=Get_from };
__property _di_IXMLnameAddressType to = { read=Get_to };
__property WideString Subject = { read=Get_Subject, write=Set_Subject };
};
// IXMLnameAddressType
__interface INTERFACE_UUID("{08E2078E-BBFC-4808-9D58-7F0D6859E34C}") IXMLnameAddressType : public IXMLNode
{
public:
// Property Accessors
virtual WideString __fastcall Get_address() = 0;
virtual WideString __fastcall Get_name() = 0;
virtual void __fastcall Set_address(WideString Value) = 0;
virtual void __fastcall Set_name(WideString Value) = 0;
// Methods & Properties
__property WideString address = { read=Get_address, write=Set_address };
__property WideString name = { read=Get_name, write=Set_name };
};
// IXMLBodyType
__interface INTERFACE_UUID("{A67FC30A-D1E1-4893-AF86-37A4448D3B40}") IXMLBodyType : public IXMLNode
{
public:
// Property Accessors
virtual WideString __fastcall Get_text() = 0;
virtual _di_IXMLattachmentList __fastcall Get_attachment() = 0;
virtual void __fastcall Set_text(WideString Value) = 0;
// Methods & Properties
__property WideString text = { read=Get_text, write=Set_text };
__property _di_IXMLattachmentList attachment = { read=Get_attachment };
};
// IXMLattachment
__interface INTERFACE_UUID("{8641C5D0-94A4-4FD8-970E-C6B3A1D42485}") IXMLattachment : public IXMLNode
{
public:
// Property Accessors
virtual WideString __fastcall Get_file() = 0;
virtual WideString __fastcall Get_encoding() = 0;
virtual void __fastcall Set_file(WideString Value) = 0;
virtual void __fastcall Set_encoding(WideString Value) = 0;
// Methods & Properties
__property WideString file = { read=Get_file, write=Set_file };
__property WideString encoding = { read=Get_encoding, write=Set_encoding };
};
// IXMLattachmentList
__interface INTERFACE_UUID("{8FCB9DF8-5A8F-4AA6-9047-3FEDEDEB9A90}") IXMLattachmentList : public IXMLNodeCollection
{
public:
// Methods & Properties
virtual _di_IXMLattachment __fastcall Add() = 0;
virtual _di_IXMLattachment __fastcall Insert(const int Index) = 0;
virtual _di_IXMLattachment __fastcall Get_Item(int Index) = 0;
__property _di_IXMLattachment Items[int Index] = { read=Get_Item /* default */ };
};
// Forward Decls
class TXMLemailType;
class TXMLHeadType;
class TXMLnameAddressType;
class TXMLBodyType;
class TXMLattachment;
class TXMLattachmentList;
// TXMLemailType
class TXMLemailType : public TXMLNode, public IXMLemailType
{
__IXMLNODE_IMPL__
protected:
// IXMLemailType
virtual _di_IXMLHeadType __fastcall Get_head();
virtual _di_IXMLBodyType __fastcall Get_Body();
public:
virtual void __fastcall AfterConstruction(void);
};
// TXMLHeadType
class TXMLHeadType : public TXMLNode, public IXMLHeadType
{
__IXMLNODE_IMPL__
protected:
// IXMLHeadType
virtual _di_IXMLnameAddressType __fastcall Get_from();
virtual _di_IXMLnameAddressType __fastcall Get_to();
virtual WideString __fastcall Get_Subject();
virtual void __fastcall Set_Subject(WideString Value);
public:
virtual void __fastcall AfterConstruction(void);
};
// TXMLnameAddressType
class TXMLnameAddressType : public TXMLNode, public IXMLnameAddressType
{
__IXMLNODE_IMPL__
protected:
// IXMLnameAddressType
virtual WideString __fastcall Get_address();
virtual WideString __fastcall Get_name();
virtual void __fastcall Set_address(WideString Value);
virtual void __fastcall Set_name(WideString Value);
};
// TXMLBodyType
class TXMLBodyType : public TXMLNode, public IXMLBodyType
{
__IXMLNODE_IMPL__
private:
_di_IXMLattachmentList Fattachment;
protected:
// IXMLBodyType
virtual WideString __fastcall Get_text();
virtual _di_IXMLattachmentList __fastcall Get_attachment();
virtual void __fastcall Set_text(WideString Value);
public:
virtual void __fastcall AfterConstruction(void);
};
// TXMLattachment
class TXMLattachment : public TXMLNode, public IXMLattachment
{
__IXMLNODE_IMPL__
protected:
// IXMLattachment
virtual WideString __fastcall Get_file();
virtual WideString __fastcall Get_encoding();
virtual void __fastcall Set_file(WideString Value);
virtual void __fastcall Set_encoding(WideString Value);
};
// TXMLattachmentList
class TXMLattachmentList : public TXMLNodeCollection, public IXMLattachmentList
{
__IXMLNODECOLLECTION_IMPL__
protected:
// IXMLattachmentList
virtual _di_IXMLattachment __fastcall Add();
virtual _di_IXMLattachment __fastcall Insert(const int Index);
virtual _di_IXMLattachment __fastcall Get_Item(int Index);
};
// Global Functions
_di_IXMLemailType __fastcall Getemail(_di_IXMLDocument Doc);
_di_IXMLemailType __fastcall Getemail(TXMLDocument *Doc);
_di_IXMLemailType __fastcall Loademail(const WideString FileName);
_di_IXMLemailType __fastcall Newemail();
#endif
#############################################################################
email.cpp
// ****************************************************** //
//
// XML Data Binding
//
// Generated on: 2006-8-11 15:26:34
// Generated from: D:/My document/xml/email.xsd
// Settings stored in: D:/My document/xml/email.xdb
//
// ****************************************************** //
#include <vcl.h>
#pragma hdrstop
#include "email.h"
// Global Functions
_di_IXMLemailType __fastcall Getemail(_di_IXMLDocument Doc)
{
return (_di_IXMLemailType) Doc->GetDocBinding("email", __classid(TXMLemailType));
};
_di_IXMLemailType __fastcall Getemail(TXMLDocument *Doc)
{
_di_IXMLDocument DocIntf;
Doc->GetInterface(DocIntf);
return Getemail(DocIntf);
};
_di_IXMLemailType __fastcall Loademail(const WideString FileName)
{
return (_di_IXMLemailType) LoadXMLDocument(FileName)->GetDocBinding("email", __classid(TXMLemailType));
};
_di_IXMLemailType __fastcall Newemail()
{
return (_di_IXMLemailType) NewXMLDocument()->GetDocBinding("email", __classid(TXMLemailType));
};
// TXMLemailType
void __fastcall TXMLemailType::AfterConstruction(void)
{
RegisterChildNode(WideString("head"), __classid(TXMLHeadType));
RegisterChildNode(WideString("Body"), __classid(TXMLBodyType));
TXMLNode::AfterConstruction();
};
_di_IXMLHeadType __fastcall TXMLemailType::Get_head()
{
return (_di_IXMLHeadType) TXMLNode::ChildNodes->Nodes[WideString("head")];
};
_di_IXMLBodyType __fastcall TXMLemailType::Get_Body()
{
return (_di_IXMLBodyType) TXMLNode::ChildNodes->Nodes[WideString("Body")];
};
// TXMLHeadType
void __fastcall TXMLHeadType::AfterConstruction(void)
{
RegisterChildNode(WideString("from"), __classid(TXMLnameAddressType));
RegisterChildNode(WideString("to"), __classid(TXMLnameAddressType));
TXMLNode::AfterConstruction();
};
_di_IXMLnameAddressType __fastcall TXMLHeadType::Get_from()
{
return (_di_IXMLnameAddressType) TXMLNode::ChildNodes->Nodes[WideString("from")];
};
_di_IXMLnameAddressType __fastcall TXMLHeadType::Get_to()
{
return (_di_IXMLnameAddressType) TXMLNode::ChildNodes->Nodes[WideString("to")];
};
WideString __fastcall TXMLHeadType::Get_Subject()
{
return TXMLNode::ChildNodes->Nodes[WideString("Subject")]->Text;
};
void __fastcall TXMLHeadType::Set_Subject(WideString Value)
{
TXMLNode::ChildNodes->Nodes[WideString("Subject")]->NodeValue = Value;
};
// TXMLnameAddressType
WideString __fastcall TXMLnameAddressType::Get_address()
{
return TXMLNode::AttributeNodes->Nodes[WideString("address")]->Text;
};
void __fastcall TXMLnameAddressType::Set_address(WideString Value)
{
TXMLNode::SetAttribute(WideString("address"), Value);
};
WideString __fastcall TXMLnameAddressType::Get_name()
{
return TXMLNode::AttributeNodes->Nodes[WideString("name")]->Text;
};
void __fastcall TXMLnameAddressType::Set_name(WideString Value)
{
TXMLNode::SetAttribute(WideString("name"), Value);
};
// TXMLBodyType
void __fastcall TXMLBodyType::AfterConstruction(void)
{
RegisterChildNode(WideString("attachment"), __classid(TXMLattachment));
CollectionCreater<_di_IXMLattachmentList, TXMLattachmentList, IXMLattachment>::DoCreate(this, Fattachment, "attachment");
TXMLNode::AfterConstruction();
};
WideString __fastcall TXMLBodyType::Get_text()
{
return TXMLNode::ChildNodes->Nodes[WideString("text")]->Text;
};
void __fastcall TXMLBodyType::Set_text(WideString Value)
{
TXMLNode::ChildNodes->Nodes[WideString("text")]->NodeValue = Value;
};
_di_IXMLattachmentList __fastcall TXMLBodyType::Get_attachment()
{
return (_di_IXMLattachmentList) Fattachment;
};
// TXMLattachment
WideString __fastcall TXMLattachment::Get_file()
{
return TXMLNode::AttributeNodes->Nodes[WideString("file")]->Text;
};
void __fastcall TXMLattachment::Set_file(WideString Value)
{
TXMLNode::SetAttribute(WideString("file"), Value);
};
WideString __fastcall TXMLattachment::Get_encoding()
{
return TXMLNode::AttributeNodes->Nodes[WideString("encoding")]->Text;
};
void __fastcall TXMLattachment::Set_encoding(WideString Value)
{
TXMLNode::SetAttribute(WideString("encoding"), Value);
};
// TXMLattachmentList
_di_IXMLattachment __fastcall TXMLattachmentList::Add()
{
return (_di_IXMLattachment) AddItem(-1);
};
_di_IXMLattachment __fastcall TXMLattachmentList::Insert(const int Index)
{
return (_di_IXMLattachment) AddItem(Index);
};
_di_IXMLattachment __fastcall TXMLattachmentList::Get_Item(int Index)
{
return (_di_IXMLattachment) TXMLNodeCollection::List->Nodes[Index];
};
下边是我们操作XML文件的时候的代码，这段代码生成一个描述电子邮件的XML文件。
XMLDocument1->Version = "1.0";
XMLDocument1->Encoding = "GB2312";
try
{
_di_IXMLemailType email=Getemail(XMLDocument1); //首先得到根节点。这里是email节点
email->head->from->Text="zsl6658@126.com"; //发件人地址
email->head->to->Text="kkk@mydomain.com"; //收件人地址
email->head->Subject="测试电子邮件"; //电子邮件主题
email->Body->text="this is a test of the email!"; //电子邮件内容
email->Body->attachment->Add(); //增加一个附件
email->Body->attachment->Items[0]->Text="c://attachment.jpeg"; //附件的内容
XMLDocument1->SaveToFile("email.xml"); //生成XML文件
}
catch(...)
{
Application->MessageBox("error ocurred!", "Look", MB_OK);
}