取得Map类型request,session,application,真实类型 HttpServletRequest, HttpSession, ServletContext的引用:
前三者：依赖于容器
前三者：IOC (只用这种)
后三者：依赖于容器
后三者：IOC
一、 方法一：ActionContext方式
一般在Action类的构造方法、或execute()方法中获取。
public class LoginAction1 extends ActionSupport {
private Map request;
private Map session;
private Map application;
public LoginAction1() {
request = (Map)ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
session = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
application = ActionContext.getContext().getApplication();
}
public String execute() {
request.put("r1", "r1");
session.put("s1", "s1");
application.put("a1", "a1");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
然后在Jsp页面中获取相关web元素。
<body>
User Login Success!
<br />
<s:property value="#request.r1"/> | <%=request.getAttribute("r1") %> <br />
<s:property value="#session.s1"/> | <%=session.getAttribute("s1") %> <br />
<s:property value="#application.a1"/> | <%=application.getAttribute("a1") %> <br />
<s:property value="#attr.a1"/><br />
<s:property value="#attr.s1"/><br />
<s:property value="#attr.r1"/><br />
<s:debug></s:debug>
<br />
</body>
注：因为request、session、application对象Struts2将在放入到Action Context中，
因此需要使用#key来访问对象们。
后面的是java脚本代码的访问方式。
一、 方式二：Ioc(控制反转)—推荐使用
让Action类实现RequestAware、SessionAware、ApplicationAware接口，然后重写他们的set方法(setRequest、setSession、setApplication)，通过依赖注入、控制反转(原来自己控制，现在由别人来控制值。)
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ApplicationAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.SessionAware;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class LoginAction2 extends ActionSupport implements RequestAware,SessionAware, ApplicationAware {
private Map<String, Object> request;
private Map<String, Object> session;
private Map<String, Object> application;
//DI dependency injection依赖注入
//IoC inverse of control控制反转
public String execute() {
request.put("r1", "r1");
session.put("s1", "s1");
application.put("a1", "a1");
return SUCCESS;
}
@Override
public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) {
this.request = request;
}
@Override
public void setSession(Map<String, Object> session) {
this.session = session;
}
@Override
public void setApplication(Map<String, Object> application) {
this.application = application;
}
}
在视图(JSP)页面中获取相关对象，同方式一。
获取是的HttpServletRequest/HttpSession/ServletContext
public class LoginAction3 extends ActionSupport {
private HttpServletRequest request;
private HttpSession session;
private ServletContext application;
public LoginAction3() {
request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
session = request.getSession();
application = session.getServletContext();
}
public String execute() {
request.setAttribute("r1", "r1");
session.setAttribute("s1", "s1");
application.setAttribute("a1", "a1");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
一、 方式四：获取原类型-控制反转
首先需要Action实现org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware接口，然后重写setServletRequest()方法，获取HttpServletRequest对象，再通过HttpServletRequest对象取昨HttpSession和ServletContext对象。
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class LoginAction4 extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware {
private HttpServletRequest request;
private HttpSession session;
private ServletContext application;
public String execute() {
request.setAttribute("r1", "r1");
session.setAttribute("s1", "s1");
application.setAttribute("a1", "a1");
return SUCCESS;
}
@Override
public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
this.request = request;
this.session = request.getSession();
this.application = session.getServletContext();
}
}