以前对PostgreSQL研究比较少，这几天没事就对这个数据库研究一下，第一步当然是安装了
相关软件可在在官网上下载：http://www.postgresql.org/download/
其实安装也比较简单，现将软件SSH到root用户下（注意，只能在root用户下安装）
[root@rhsde opt]# chmod 777 postgresql-9.0.8-1-linux-x64.run [root@rhsde opt]# ./postgresql-9.0.8-1-linux-x64.run ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Welcome to the PostgreSQL Setup Wizard. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please specify the directory where PostgreSQL will be installed. Installation Directory [/opt/PostgreSQL/9.0]: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please select a directory under which to store your data. Data Directory [/opt/PostgreSQL/9.0/data]: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please provide a password for the database superuser (postgres). A locked Unix user account (postgres) will be created if not present. Password : Retype password : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please select the port number the server should listen on. Port [5432]: //相关字符集的选择 ..... [628] zh_SG.utf8 [629] zh_TW.euctw [630] zh_TW.utf8 [631] zu_ZA [632] zu_ZA.iso88591 [633] zu_ZA.utf8 Please choose an option [1] : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Setup is now ready to begin installing PostgreSQL on your computer. Do you want to continue? [Y/n]: y ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please wait while Setup installs PostgreSQL on your computer. Installing 0% ______________ 50% ______________ 100% ######################################### ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Setup has finished installing PostgreSQL on your computer.
安装过程中全部回车即可，不过你需要弄清楚都做了些什么
1：PostgreSQL软件装在什么地方
2：PostgreSQL的数据Data放在什么地方
3：为超级用户postgres设置密码以及确认
4：设置端口号默认的是5432
5：选择字符集
6：是否继续
如果安装成功后，我们可以看到，系统会自动创建一个postgres用户，他所在的路径为你选择的PostgreSQL安装的路径，不过该用户的环境变量没有设置好，我们需要设置一下即可
[root@rhsde opt]# su - postgres -bash-3.2$ pwd /opt/PostgreSQL/9.0 -bash-3.2$ su - Password: [root@rhsde ~]# cp .bash_profile /opt/PostgreSQL/9.0 [root@rhsde ~]# cp .bashrc /opt/PostgreSQL/9.0 [root@rhsde ~]# su - postgres
然后就是，虽然是root用户下安装，那么安装的文件的权限所属的是root用户，那么我们需要将这些文件转为postgres用户
[root@rhsde PostgreSQL]# ll total 4 drwxr-xr-x 12 root daemon 4096 8月 24 08:52 9.0 [root@rhsde PostgreSQL]# pwd /opt/PostgreSQL [root@rhsde PostgreSQL]# chown -R postgres:postgres /opt/PostgreSQL/ [root@rhsde PostgreSQL]# ll total 4 drwxr-xr-x 12 postgres postgres 4096 8月 24 08:52 9.0
然后设置postgres用户的环境变量
export PGHOME=/opt/PostgreSQL/9.0 export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH export PGDATA=$PGHOME/data export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib
然后我们可以启动服务，其实默认服务以及启动了
[root@rhsde ~]# service postgresql-9.0 start Starting PostgreSQL 9.0: pg_ctl: another server might be running; trying to start server anyway pg_ctl: could not start server Examine the log output. PostgreSQL 9.0 did not start in a timely fashion, please see /opt/PostgreSQL/9.0/data/pg_log/startup.log for details
查看一下相关日志，我们可以看到已经启动了服务
[root@rhsde ~]# more /opt/PostgreSQL/9.0/data/pg_log/startup.log 2012-08-24 00:56:54 GMT FATAL: lock file "postmaster.pid" already exists 2012-08-24 00:56:54 GMT HINT: Is another postmaster (PID 27765) running in data direc tory "/opt/PostgreSQL/9.0/data"?
我们也可以检查一下服务状态和端口情况
[root@rhsde ~]# chkconfig --list postgresql-9.0 postgresql-9.0 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off [root@rhsde ~]# netstat -ano | grep 5432 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5432 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN off (0.00/0/0) tcp 0 0 :::5432 :::* LISTEN off (0.00/0/0) unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 3759370 /tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432
那么我们可以验证一下是否可以连接上
[postgres@rhsde ~]$ cd scripts/ [postgres@rhsde scripts]$ ls images launchpsql.sh runpsql.sh xdg launchbrowser.sh launchstackbuilder.sh runstackbuilder.sh launchpgadmin.sh launchsvrctl.sh serverctl.sh [postgres@rhsde scripts]$ ./runpsql.sh Server [localhost]: Database [postgres]: Port [5432]: Username [postgres]: Password for user postgres: psql.bin (9.0.8) Type "help" for help. postgres=#
如果其他机器连接该数据库服务器，我们还要修改/opt/PostgreSQL/9.0/data/pg_hba.conf文件
如果软件安装完毕，我们也可以在Linux的开始菜单看到相关的信息
其实最简单的方法如下
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