GNU Autotools (autoconf, automake, libtool, etc.) 自动化编译 (2) 多目录和动态链接库 GNU Autotools (autoconf, automake, libtool, etc.) 自动化编译 (1) 简单示例

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GNU Autotools (autoconf, automake, libtool, etc.) 自动化编译 (2) 多目录和动态链接库 GNU Autotools (autoconf, automake, libtool, etc.) 自动化编译 (1) 简单示例

2013年10月13日 ⁄ 综合 ⁄ 共 5934字 ⁄ 字号小中大 ⁄ 评论关闭

0. 基础

先阅读GNU Autotools (autoconf, automake, libtool, etc.) 自动化编译 (1) 简单示例并成功执行、理解所说内容。

1. 先提供一个脚本。拷贝所有内容保存为文件atdir.sh并添加可执行权限，然后执行。注意，最好不要以根用户身份执行它。

#!/bin/sh

echo "Autotools for autotools multi directories (stands for atdirs)"

echo_exit()
{
	echo "ERROR: $@"
	exit 1
}

# 1. prepare directories and dummy files
[ ! -e "atdirs" ] || echo_exit "atdirs exists, please remove or rename it"
mkdir atdirs && cd atdirs || echo_exit "mkdir -p atdirs or cd atdirs failed"

mkdir -p doc build-aux m4 man src/{include/atdirs,lib{1,2},tests} || \
	echo_exit "create subdirectory failed"
touch AUTHORS BUGS ChangeLog COPYING NEWS README || \
	echo_exit "touch dummy files failed"

# 2. generates source, header files
cat > src/include/atdirs/lib1.h <<EOF
#ifndef __ATDIRS_LIB1_H_
#define __ATDIRS_LIB1_H_

void lib1_print();

#endif
EOF
cat > src/include/atdirs/lib2.h <<EOF
#ifndef __ATDIRS_LIB2_H_
#define __ATDIRS_LIB2_H_

void lib2_print();

#endif
EOF

cat > src/lib1/print.c <<EOF
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <atdirs/lib1.h>

void lib1_print()
{
	printf("lib1-print: " PACKAGE_STRING " <lib-1>\n");
}
EOF

cat > src/lib2/print.c <<EOF
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <atdirs/lib2.h>

void lib2_print()
{
	printf("lib2-print: " PACKAGE_STRING " <lib-2>\n");
}
EOF

cat > src/tests/test.c <<EOF
#include <atdirs/lib1.h>
#include <atdirs/lib2.h>

int main(void)
{
	lib1_print();
	lib2_print();
	return 0;
}
EOF

# 2. generates Makefil.am files
cat > Makefile.am << EOF
SUBDIRS = doc man src

ACLOCAL_AMFLAGS = -I m4

EXTRA_DIST = ChangeLog BUGS COPYING
EOF
# doc, man needs an empty Makefile.am
touch {doc,man}/Makefile.am
# src needs a valid Makefile.am
cat > src/Makefile.am << EOF
SUBDIRS = lib1 lib2 . tests

lib_LTLIBRARIES = libatdirs.la
libatdirs_la_SOURCES =
libatdirs_la_LIBADD = lib1/libatdirs_lib1.la lib2/libatdirs_lib2.la
libatdirs_la_LDFLAGS = -release \$(PACKAGE_VERSION) -version-info 1

include_HEADERS = \$(top_srcdir)/\$(atdirs_includedir)/atdirs/lib1.h \
		  \$(top_srcdir)/\$(atdirs_includedir)/atdirs/lib2.h
EOF

cat > src/lib1/Makefile.am << EOF
include \$(top_srcdir)/Makefile.rules

noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libatdirs_lib1.la
libatdirs_lib1_la_SOURCES = print.c
EOF

cat > src/lib2/Makefile.am << EOF
include \$(top_srcdir)/Makefile.rules

noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libatdirs_lib2.la
libatdirs_lib2_la_SOURCES = print.c
EOF

cat > src/tests/Makefile.am << EOF
include \$(top_srcdir)/Makefile.rules

bin_PROGRAMS = test
test_SOURCES = test.c
test_LDADD = ../libatdirs.la
EOF

# Makefile.rules:
cat > Makefile.rules << EOF || echo_exit "generates Makefile.rules failed"
AM_CPPFLAGS = -I\$(top_srcdir)/\$(atdirs_includedir)

install-header:
	\$(MKDIR_P) "\$(DESTDIR)\$(includedir)" || exit $?
	cp -av \$(top_srcdir)/\$(atdirs_includedir) "\$(DESTDIR)\$(includedir)" \
		|| exit $?
EOF

# 3. generates configure.ac
cat > configure.ac << EOF
#                                               -*- Autoconf -*-
# Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.

AC_PREREQ([2.67])
AC_INIT([atdirs], [1.0.0], [cppgp@qq.com], [ycc], [http://blog.csdn.net/cppgp])
AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR([build-aux])
AC_CANONICAL_BUILD
AC_CANONICAL_HOST
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([-Wall -Werror gnu])
LT_INIT
AC_COPYRIGHT([GPLv2])
AC_REVISION([\$Revision: 1.0 \$])
AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([ChangeLog])
AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])
AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIR([m4])

# Checks for programs.
AC_PROG_CC

# Checks for libraries.

# Checks for header files.
	      
# Checks for library functions.
AC_SUBST([atdirs_includedir], [src/include])
AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile
		 doc/Makefile
		 man/Makefile
		 src/Makefile
		 src/lib1/Makefile
		 src/lib2/Makefile
		 src/tests/Makefile
		 ])
AC_OUTPUT
EOF

# 4. generates configure
echo "now try to generates configure, it may take some seconds, please wait ..."
autoreconf --install -Wall || echo_exit "autoreconf failed"

# 5. builds it
mkdir -p build && cd build || echo_exit "mkdir -p build && cd build failed"
../configure || echo_exit "configure failed"
make || echo_exit "make failed"
make DESTDIR=$PWD/install install || echo_exit "install failed"
echo "now try to make distcheck, it may take some seconds, please wait ..."
make dist && make distcheck || echo_exit "make dist && make distcheck failed"

# 6. run test
echo "Run test:"
./src/tests/test || echo_exit "run test failed"
echo "If you want run test positioned at install, you should set LD_LIBRARY_PATH, or else you need install it in standard directory with root privilege"
echo "Autoconf for multi directories tests success over !"

执行方法如下：

chmod +x atdirs.sh && ./atdirs.sh

如果一切正常，你应该看到类似如下的结果：

Autotools for autotools multi directories (stands for atdirs)
now try to generates configure, it may take some seconds, please wait ...
libtoolize: putting auxiliary files in AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR, `build-aux'.
libtoolize: copying file `build-aux/ltmain.sh'
libtoolize: putting macros in AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIR, `m4'.
libtoolize: copying file `m4/libtool.m4'
libtoolize: copying file `m4/ltoptions.m4'
libtoolize: copying file `m4/ltsugar.m4'
libtoolize: copying file `m4/ltversion.m4'
libtoolize: copying file `m4/lt~obsolete.m4'
configure.ac:7: installing `build-aux/config.guess'
configure.ac:7: installing `build-aux/config.sub'
configure.ac:9: installing `build-aux/install-sh'
configure.ac:9: installing `build-aux/missing'
src/lib1/Makefile.am: installing `build-aux/depcomp'
Makefile.am: installing `./INSTALL'
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
<--------------------------------------
中间很长的一段省略掉了。。。
--------------------------------------->
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/yanyg/work/git/t410/github.yanyg/misc/auto-tools/example/atdirs/build/ycc-1.0.0/_build'
rm -f config.status config.cache config.log configure.lineno config.status.lineno
rm -f Makefile
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/yanyg/work/git/t410/github.yanyg/misc/auto-tools/example/atdirs/build/ycc-1.0.0/_build'
{ test ! -d "ycc-1.0.0" || { find "ycc-1.0.0" -type d ! -perm -200 -exec chmod u+w {} ';' && rm -fr "ycc-1.0.0"; }; }
===========================================
ycc-1.0.0 archives ready for distribution: 
ycc-1.0.0.tar.gz
===========================================
Run test:
lib1-print: atdirs 1.0.0 <lib-1>
lib2-print: atdirs 1.0.0 <lib-2>
If you want run test positioned at install, you should set LD_LIBRARY_PATH, or else you need install it in standard directory with root privilege
Autoconf for multi directories tests success over !

需要提醒的一点：libtool编译后生成的atdirs/build/src/tests/test实际上是一个脚本，实际的可执行文件在atdirs/build/src/tests/.libs下。

2. configure.ac 分析说明

3. Makefile.am 分析说明

4. autoconf 生成的 Makefile 提供的几种常用目标

5. 资源推荐

( 待续。。。）

【上篇】疯狂的程序员1
【下篇】YUV的几种格式

作者: thrush

该日志由 thrush 于11年前发表在综合分类下，最后更新于 2013年10月13日.
转载请注明: GNU Autotools (autoconf, automake, libtool, etc.) 自动化编译 (2) 多目录和动态链接库 GNU Autotools (autoconf, automake, libtool, etc.) 自动化编译 (1) 简单示例 | 学步园 +复制链接

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GNU Autotools (autoconf, automake, libtool, etc.) 自动化编译 (2) 多目录和动态链接库 GNU Autotools (autoconf, automake, libtool, etc.) 自动化编译 (1) 简单示例

作者: thrush

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