学步园

前些日子做了个 apache solr 应用的入门介绍，也在博客记录下，方便新手看看。以搜索论坛帖子为示例。

1、先下载 Apache Solr 1.3 http://apache.etoak.com/lucene/solr/1.3.0/apache-solr-1.3.0.zip，解压到如 E:\apache-solr-1.3.0。

2、下载 Apache Tomcat 6.0.18 http://labs.xiaonei.com/apache-mirror/tomcat/tomcat-6/v6.0.18/bin/apache-tomcat-6.0.18.zip，解压到如 E:\apache-tomcat-6.0.18。

3、solr 安装到 tomcat。修改 E:\apache-tomcat-6.0.18\conf\server.xml，加个 URIEncoding="UTF-8"，把 8080 的那一块改为：

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
           connectionTimeout="20000"
           redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>

把下面的内容保存到 E:\apache-tomcat-6.0.18\conf\Catalina\localhost\solr.xml，没有这个目录自行创建。

<Context docBase="E:/apache-solr-1.3.0/dist/apache-solr-1.3.0.war" reloadable="true" >
    <Environment name="solr/home" type="java.lang.String" value="E:/apache-solr-1.3.0/example/solr" override="true" />
</Context>

solr 的更多方式请看：solr install

4、现在安装好，启动 tomcat，并打开 http://localhost:8080/solr/admin/ 看看界面。

5、为搜索论坛帖子应用设计索引结构：

字段	说明
id	帖子 id
user	发表用户名或UserId
title	标题
content	内容
timestamp	发表时间
text	把标题和内容放到这里，可以用同时搜索这些内容。

6、上面的索引结构告诉 solr，把下面的内容覆盖 E:\apache-solr-1.3.0\example\solr\conf\scheam.xml，（可以先备份这文件，方便以后看官方示例）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<schema name="example" version="1.1">

  <types>
    <fieldType name="string" class="solr.StrField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>
    <fieldType name="sint" class="solr.SortableIntField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>

    <!-- The format for this date field is of the form 1995-12-31T23:59:59Z, and
         is a more restricted form of the canonical representation of dateTime
         http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2/#dateTime
         The trailing "Z" designates UTC time and is mandatory.
         Optional fractional seconds are allowed: 1995-12-31T23:59:59.999Z
         All other components are mandatory.

         Expressions can also be used to denote calculations that should be
         performed relative to "NOW" to determine the value, ie...

               NOW/HOUR
                  ... Round to the start of the current hour
               NOW-1DAY
                  ... Exactly 1 day prior to now
               NOW/DAY+6MONTHS+3DAYS
                  ... 6 months and 3 days in the future from the start of
                      the current day

         Consult the DateField javadocs for more information.
      -->
    <fieldType name="date" class="solr.DateField" sortMissingLast="true" omitNorms="true"/>

    <fieldType name="text" class="solr.TextField" positionIncrementGap="100">
      <analyzer>
        <tokenizer class="solr.CJKTokenizerFactory"/>
      </analyzer>
    </fieldType>

 </types>

 <fields>
   <field name="id" type="sint" indexed="true" stored="true" required="true" />
   <field name="user" type="string" indexed="true" stored="true"/>
   <field name="title" type="text" indexed="true" stored="true"/>
   <field name="content" type="text" indexed="true" stored="true" />
   <field name="timestamp" type="date" indexed="true" stored="true" default="NOW"/>

   <!-- catchall field, containing all other searchable text fields (implemented
        via copyField further on in this schema  -->
   <field name="text" type="text" indexed="true" stored="false" multiValued="true"/>
 </fields>

 <!-- Field to use to determine and enforce document uniqueness.
      Unless this field is marked with required="false", it will be a required field
   -->
 <uniqueKey>id</uniqueKey>

 <!-- field for the QueryParser to use when an explicit fieldname is absent -->
 <defaultSearchField>text</defaultSearchField>

 <!-- SolrQueryParser configuration: defaultOperator="AND|OR" -->
 <solrQueryParser defaultOperator="AND"/>

  <!-- copyField commands copy one field to another at the time a document
        is added to the index.  It's used either to index the same field differently,
        or to add multiple fields to the same field for easier/faster searching.  --