一、FastDFS简介:
FastDFS是一款类Google FS的开源分布式文件系统,它用纯C语言实现,支持Linux、FreeBSD、AIX等UNIX系统。它只 能通过 专有API对文件进行存取访问,不支持POSIX接口方式,不能mount使用。准确地讲,Google FS以及FastDFS、mogileFS、 HDFS、TFS等类Google FS都不是系统级的分布式文件系统,而是应用级的分布式文件存储服务。
FastDFS是一个开源的轻量级分布式文件系统,它对文件进行管理,功能包括:文件存储、文件同步、文件访问(文件上传、文件下载)等,解决了大容量存储和负载均衡的问题。特别适合以文件为载体的在线服务,如相册网站、视频网站等等。
二、FastDFS安装
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wget http: //fastdfs .googlecode.com /files/FastDFS_v3 .06. tar .gz tar -zxvf FastDFS_v3.03. tar .gz cd FastDFS vim make .sh 将 #WITH_HTTPD=1 修改成WITH_HTTPD=1 以支持 http . /make .sh && . /make .sh install |
三、FastDFS配置
1、配置及启动Tracker Server
mkdir /home/fastdfs
vi /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 修改为:base_path=/home/fastdfs
##include http.conf 修改为:#include http.conf
/usr/local/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
检查tracker是否启动成功,可以查看如下文件/home/fastdfs/logs/trackerd.log
2、配置及启动Storage Server
mkdir /home/fastdfs/fdfs_storage
cd /etc/fdfs
vim storage.conf
或者 vim /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 修改为: /home/fastdfs/fdfs_storage
store_path0=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 修改为: store_path0=/home/fastdfs/fdfs_storage
tracker_server=192.168.209.121:22122 修改为 tracker_server=10.201.20.237:22122
##include http.conf 修改为:#include http.conf
/usr/local/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
接下来会出现很多mkdir data path,这是系统在创建数据目录。
3.配置PHP扩展
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cd php_client phpize . /configure--with-php-config = /usr/local/php/bin/php-config make && make install cat fastdfs_client.ini >> /usr/local/php/etc/php .ini /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart cp fastdfs_test.php /home/wwwroot/ |
http://10.201.20.237/fastdfs_test.php
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini 可以看到fastdfs_clicet.so已经加载到php.ini中
查看phpinfo()
四、测试以及使用FastDFS
1、FastDFS之配置client
vim /etc/fdfs/client.conf
base_path=/home/yuqing/fastdfs 修改为: base_path=/home/fastdfs
tracker_server=192.168.209.121:22122 修改为: tracker_server=10.201.20.237:22122
##include http.conf 修改为: #include http.conf
2、测试上传文件
用法:Usage: fdfs_test <config_file> upload <local_filename> [FILE | BUFF | CALLBACK]
测试:
cd /home/wwwroot/
fdfs_test /etc/fdfs/client.conf upload FlexPaper.zip
http://10.201.20.237:8080/group1/M00/00/00/CskU7U-c9hio4fAeACCD1c0mEbg924_big.zip
启动tracker服务:
/usr/local/bin/fdfs_trackerd /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
启动storager服务:
/usr/local/bin/fdfs_storaged /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
监控:
/usr/local/bin/fdfs_monitor /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
PHP与FastDFS简单示例:
FastDFS.php
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<?php class FDFS{ public function __construct(){ $this ->tracker = fastdfs_tracker_get_connection(); $this ->server = fastdfs_connect_server( $this ->tracker[ 'ip_addr' ], $this ->tracker[ 'port' ]); $this ->storage = fastdfs_tracker_query_storage_store(); $this ->server = fastdfs_connect_server( $this ->storage[ 'ip_addr' ], $this ->storage[ 'port' ]); if (! $this ->server){ error_log ( "errno1: " . fastdfs_get_last_error_no() . ", error info: " . fastdfs_get_last_error_info()); exit (1); } $this ->storage[ 'sock' ] = $this ->server[ 'sock' ]; } public function fdfs_upload( $input_name ){ $file_tmp = $_FILES [ $input_name ][ 'tmp_name' ]; $real_name = $_FILES [ $input_name ][ 'name' ]; $file_name = dirname( $file_tmp ). "/" . $real_name ; //@copy($file_tmp, $file_name); @rename( $file_tmp , $file_name ); $file_info = fastdfs_storage_upload_by_filename( $file_name , null, array (), null, $this ->tracker, $this ->storage); //print_r($file_info);die; if ( $file_info ){ $group_name = $file_info [ 'group_name' ]; $remote_filename = $file_info [ 'filename' ]; $i = fastdfs_get_file_info( $group_name , $remote_filename ); $storage_ip = $i [ 'source_ip_addr' ]; //var_dump($file_info); return array ( $remote_filename , $group_name , $storage_ip , $real_name ); } return false; } public function fdfs_down( $group_name , $file_id ){ $file_content = fastdfs_storage_download_file_to_buff( $group_name , $file_id ); return $file_content ; } public function fdfs_del( $group_name , $file_id ){ fastdfs_storage_delete_file( $group_name , $file_id ); } } ?> |
index.php
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<?php ini_set ( 'display_errors' , 'On' ); error_reporting (E_ALL); define( 'S_ROOT' ,dirname( __FILE__ ). '/' ); define( 'DOWNLOAD_URL' , 'http://192.168.1.110:8080' ); require_once (S_ROOT. 'FastDFS.php' ); $conn = mysql_connect( 'localhost' , 'root' , '123456' ); $link = mysql_select_db( 'fastdfs' , $conn ); if (! empty ( $_FILES [ 'upload1' ])){ $fdfs_obj = new FDFS(); $res = $fdfs_obj ->fdfs_upload( "upload1" ); $sql = "INSERT INTO `fdfs` (`file_id`, `group_id`, `storage_ip`, `real_name`) VALUES ('" . $res [0]. "', '" . $res [1]. "', '" . $res [2]. "', '" . $res [3]. "')" ; echo $sql . '<hr>' ; $result = mysql_query( $sql );var_dump( $result ); } else { $sql = 'SELECT * FROM `fdfs`' ; $query = mysql_query( $sql ); while ( $row = mysql_fetch_assoc( $query )) { $data [] = $row ; } if (! empty ( $data )) { foreach ( $data as $v ) { echo '<a href="' .DOWNLOAD_URL. '/' . $v [ 'group_id' ]. '/' . $v [ 'file_id' ]. '">' . $v [ 'real_name' ]. '</a><br/>' ; } } } ?> <html> <body> <form action= "" method= "post" enctype= "multipart/form-data" > <input type= "text" name= "myText" /><br /> <input type= "file" name= "upload1" /><br /> <input type= "submit" /> </form> </body> </html> |
sql:
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-- -- 数据库: `fastdfs` -- -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- 表的结构 `fdfs` -- CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `fdfs` ( `id` bigint (20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id' , `file_id` varchar (200) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '文件ID' , `group_id` varchar (50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '组名' , `real_name` varchar (200) NOT NULL COMMENT '真名' , `storage_ip` varchar (16) NOT NULL COMMENT 'ip' , PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `i_file_id` (`file_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=4 ; |
也可以重新封装下fastdfs_client 方法
wget http://fastdfs.googlecode.com/files/fastdfs_client_php_v1.6.tar.gz
tar zxvf fastdfs_client_php_v1.6.tar.gz
cd fastdfs_client_php_v1.6.tar.gz
vim FastdfsClient.php
<?php require_once 'fdfs_common.php'; require_once 'fdfs_tracker_client.php'; require_once 'fdfs_storage_client1.php'; class FastdfsClient { private $_tracker_server = null; public function __construct() { $this->_getTracker(); } public function __destruct() { fdfs_quit($this->_tracker_server); tracker_close_all_connections(); } public function getInstance() { static $instance; if (!isset($instance)) { $class = __CLASS__; $instance = new $class(); } return $instance; } /** * Upload file by filename to Fastdfs * * @param $local_filename local file name to upload * @param $meta_list metadata assoc array (key value pair array) * @param $group_name you can specify the group to upload file to * * @return fileid compose of $group_name and $remote_name, false for error */ public function saveFile($local_filename, $file_ext_name = '', $meta_list = array(), $group_name = '') { $this->_getTracker(); $storage_server = null; $file_id = null; $result = storage_upload_by_filename1($this->_tracker_server, $storage_server, $local_filename, $meta_list, $file_id, $group_name, $file_ext_name); if ($result == 0) { $file_id = str_replace("M00/",IMAGESHOWURL,$file_id); return $file_id; } else { throw new Exception('fdfs_upload_by_filename_failed', $result); return false; } } /** * Upload file by buff to the Fastdfs * * @param $file_buff the file content to upload * @param $file_ext_name the file ext name (not including dot) * @param $meta_list metadata assoc array (key value pair array) * @param $group_name you can specify the group to upload file to * * @return fileid composed of $group_name and $remote_name, false for error */ public function saveFilebuff($file_buff, $file_ext_name, $meta_list = array(), $group_name = '') { $storage_server = null; $file_id = null; $file_size = strlen($file_buff); $result = storage_upload_by_filebuff1($this->_tracker_server, $storage_server, $file_buff, $file_size, $file_ext_name, $meta_list, $file_id, $group_name); if ($result == 0) { return $file_id; } else { throw new Exception('fdfs_upload_by_filebuff_failed', $result); return false; } } /** * Copy file from Fastdfs to local * * @param $file_id * @param $local_filename * @return bool */ public function copyFile($file_id, $local_filename) { $storage_server = null; $file_size = null; $result = storage_download_file_to_file1($this->_tracker_server, $storage_server, $file_id, $local_filename, $file_size); if ($result == 0) { return true; } else { throw new Exception('fdfs_copy_file_failed', $result); return false; } } /** * Get file content from Fastdfs * * @param $file_id * @return file content */ public function getFilebuff($file_id) { $storage_server = null; $file_size = null; $file_buff = null; $result = storage_download_file_to_buff1($this->_tracker_server, $storage_server,$file_id, $file_buff, $file_size); if ($result == 0) { return $file_buff; } else { throw new Exception('fdfs_load_file_to_buff_failed', $result); return false; } } /** * Delete file by fileid from the Fastdfs * * @param $file_id * @return bool */ public function deleteFile($file_id) { if (empty($file_id)) return false; if (is_array($file_id)) { foreach ($file_id as $fid) { $this->deleteFile($fid); } return true; } $storage_server = null; $result = storage_delete_file1($this->_tracker_server, $storage_server, $file_id); if ($result == 0) { return true; } else { return false; } } /** * Get a tracker server */ private function _getTracker() { $this->_tracker_server = null; $this->_tracker_server = tracker_get_connection(); if ($this->_tracker_server == false) { throw new Exception('fdfs_get_tracker_server_failed'); return false; } }
} ?>
FastDFS架构介绍:
FastDFS是一款为互联网应用量身定做的类Google FS的开源应用级的分布式文件系统,它用纯C语言实现,支持Linux、FreeBSD、AIX等UNIX系统,其架构和设计理念有其独到之处,主要体现在轻量级、分组方式和对等结构三个方面:
轻量级:
- FastDFS只有两个角色:Tracker server和Storage server。Tracker
server作为中心结点,其主要作用是负载均衡和调度。Tracker server在内存中记录分组和Storage
server的状态等信息,不记录文件索引信息,占用的内存量很少。另外,客户端(应用)和Storage server访问Tracker
server时,Tracker server扫描内存中的分组和Storage server信息,然后给出应答。由此可以看出Tracker
server非常轻量化,不会成为系统瓶颈。 - FastDFS不对文件进行分块存储,客户端上传文件时,文件ID不是由客户端指定,而是由Storage
server生成后返回给客户端的。文件ID中包含了组名、文件相对路径和文件名,Storage
server可以根据文件ID直接定位到文件。因此FastDFS集群中根本不需要存储文件索引信息,这是FastDFS比较轻量级的一个例证。 - FastDFS轻量级的另外一个体现是代