学步园

经过一天的学习，掌握了spring整合Hibernate的方法，下面就全面的介绍一下spring整合Hibernate的方法。

首先，使用maven作为构建工具，在pom.xml文件中配置对spring、Hibernate和logger的依赖，下面是我的pom.xml文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"><br /> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><br /> <groupId>com.prince2270.study</groupId><br /> <artifactId>spring-hibernate</artifactId><br /> <packaging>war</packaging><br /> <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version></p> <p> <build><br /> <finalName>${project.groupId}</finalName><br /> <plugins><br /> <plugin><br /> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><br /> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><br /> <configuration><br /> <source>1.5</source><br /> <target>1.5</target><br /> </configuration><br /> </plugin><br /> <plugin><br /> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><br /> <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId><br /> <executions><br /> <execution><br /> <id>install</id><br /> <phase>install</phase><br /> <goals><br /> <goal>sources</goal><br /> </goals><br /> </execution><br /> </executions><br /> </plugin><br /> </plugins><br /> </build></p> <p> <properties><br /> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><br /> <org.springframework.version>3.0.1.RELEASE</org.springframework.version><br /> <org.slf4j.version>1.5.10</org.slf4j.version><br /> <hibernate.version>3.5.1-Final</hibernate.version><br /> </properties></p> <p> <dependencies><br /> <!-- Test --><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>junit</groupId><br /> <artifactId>junit</artifactId><br /> <version>4.7</version><br /> <scope>test</scope><br /> </dependency></p> <p> <!-- Hibernate --><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId><br /> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId><br /> <version>${hibernate.version}</version><br /> </dependency></p> <p> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId><br /> <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId><br /> <version>2.0.0</version><br /> </dependency></p> <p> <dependency><br /> <groupId>javassist</groupId><br /> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId><br /> <version>3.8.0.GA</version><br /> </dependency></p> <p> <dependency><br /> <groupId>c3p0</groupId><br /> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId><br /> <version>0.9.1</version><br /> </dependency></p> <p> <!-- Spring --><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId><br /> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><br /> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version><br /> <exclusions><br /> <!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j --><br /> <exclusion><br /> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId><br /> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId><br /> </exclusion><br /> </exclusions><br /> </dependency></p> <p> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId><br /> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><br /> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version><br /> </dependency></p> <p> <!-- Logging --><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><br /> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId><br /> <version>${org.slf4j.version}</version><br /> <scope>runtime</scope><br /> </dependency></p> <p> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><br /> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId><br /> <version>${org.slf4j.version}</version><br /> </dependency></p> <p> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><br /> <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId><br /> <version>${org.slf4j.version}</version><br /> <scope>runtime</scope><br /> </dependency></p> <p> <dependency><br /> <groupId>log4j</groupId><br /> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId><br /> <version>1.2.15</version><br /> <exclusions><br /> <exclusion><br /> <groupId>javax.mail</groupId><br /> <artifactId>mail</artifactId><br /> </exclusion><br /> <exclusion><br /> <groupId>javax.jms</groupId><br /> <artifactId>jms</artifactId><br /> </exclusion><br /> <exclusion><br /> <groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId><br /> <artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId><br /> </exclusion><br /> <exclusion><br /> <groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId><br /> <artifactId>jmxri</artifactId><br /> </exclusion><br /> </exclusions><br /> <scope>runtime</scope><br /> </dependency></p> <p> <!-- Servlet --><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><br /> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId><br /> <version>2.5</version><br /> <scope>provided</scope><br /> </dependency></p> <p> <dependency><br /> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId><br /> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId><br /> <version>2.1</version><br /> <scope>provided</scope><br /> </dependency><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><br /> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId><br /> <version>1.2</version><br /> </dependency><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId><br /> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId><br /> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version><br /> </dependency><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId><br /> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><br /> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version><br /> <scope>test</scope><br /> </dependency><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId><br /> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId><br /> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version><br /> </dependency><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId><br /> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId><br /> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version><br /> </dependency><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId><br /> <artifactId>spring-asm</artifactId><br /> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version><br /> </dependency><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId><br /> <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId><br /> <version>1.6.5</version><br /> </dependency><br /> <dependency><br /> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId><br /> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId><br /> <version>1.6.8</version><br /> </dependency><br /> </dependencies><br /> </project>  

通过pom.xml的配置，可以引入所有依赖的jar包。

接下来，是spring整合Hibernate的关键点。在单独使用Hibernate时，需要配置hibernate.cfg.xml，在这个配置文件中配置datasource和映射文件。那么，在spring整合Hibernate中，我们可以舍弃这个配置文件，使用spring的LocalSessionFactoryBean来配置Hibernate的sessionFactory。

下面看一下关于datasource和sessionFactory的配置

 <bean id="datasource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"><br /> <property name="driverClass" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver" /><br /> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:hsqldb:hsql://localhost" /><br /> <property name="user" value="sa" /><br /> <property name="password" value="" /><br /> <!-- 数据库连接池保持的最小连接数 --><br /> <property name="minPoolSize" value="5" /><br /> <!-- 数据库连接池保持的最大连接数 --><br /> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30" /><br /> <!-- 数据库连接池保持的初始化时创建的连接数 --><br /> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="10" /><br /> <!-- 最大空闲时间，60秒内未使用则连接被丢弃。默认值为0，如果值为0，则永远不被丢弃--><br /> <property name="maxIdleTime" value="60" /><br /> <!-- 连接池中连接耗尽后，一次性创建的连接数，默认值为3 --><br /> <property name="acquireIncrement" value="5"></property><br /> </bean></p> <p> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"><br /> <property name="dataSource" ref="datasource" /><br /> <!-- <property name="mappingResources" ref="hibernate.resource"/> --><br /> <property name="mappingResources"><br /> <list><br /> <value>com.prince2270.study.Student.hbm.xml</value><br /> </list><br /> </property><br /> <property name="hibernateProperties"><br /> <props><br /> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect</prop><br /> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop><br /> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop><br /> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop><br /> <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop><br /> <!-- 最大抓取深度，如果为0，则关闭默认的外连接抓取。建议值为0-3 --><br /> <prop key="hibernate.max_fetch_depth">1</prop><br /> <!-- 用于生成有助于调试的注释信息，默认为关闭 --><br /> <prop key="hibernate.use_sql_comments">true</prop><br /> </props><br /> </property><br /> </bean>

配置好sessionFactory后，还要配置一下事务管理器，如下面代码：

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" /></p> <p> <aop:config><br /> <aop:pointcut id="txMethod" expression="execution(* com.prince2270.study.*DAOImpl.*(..))" /><br /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txMethod"/><br /> </aop:config></p> <p> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"><br /> <tx:attributes><br /> <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" /><br /> <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" /><br /> <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" /><br /> <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" /><br /> <tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/><br /> <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/><br /> <tx:method name="*" /><br /> </tx:attributes><br /> </tx:advice>

接下来就是在spring中如何使用Hibernate了。spring提供了对Hibernate的支持：HibernateDaoSupport。我们可以通过继承这个类来简化Hibernate的使用。

具体的代码如下：

public Serializable addStudent(Student student) {<br /> return getHibernateTemplate().save(student);<br /> }</p> <p> @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")<br /> public Student findStudentByName(String name) {<br /> List<Student> students = getHibernateTemplate().find(<br /> "from Student s where s.name = ?", name);<br /> if (students == null || students.isEmpty()) {<br /> return null;<br /> }<br /> if (students.size() > 1) {<br /> throw new RuntimeException("More than one student named " + name);<br /> }<br /> return students.get(0);<br /> }

通过使用Hibernate可以极大的简化JDBC操作，可以更方便的去实现DAO层，使用spring后，可以简化Hibernate的使用，更大的简化了代码，提高了开发效率。