第八周实验报告任务1 实现复数类中的运算符重载

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第八周实验报告任务1 实现复数类中的运算符重载

2013年02月06日 ⁄ 综合 ⁄ 共 5329字 ⁄ 字号小中大 ⁄ 评论关闭

/* (程序头部注释开始)
* 程序的版权和版本声明部分
* Copyright (c) 2011, 烟台大学计算机学院学生
* All rights reserved.
* 文件名称：定义一个复数类重载运算符+、-、*、/，使之能用于复数的加减乘除。

* 作者：         陶锋
* 完成日期： 2012 年 04      月  09   日
* 版本号： V1.0
* 对任务及求解方法的描述部分
* 输入描述：
* 问题描述：
* 程序输出：

* 程序头部的注释结束

方案一：用类的成员函数完成运算符的重载：

 #include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
	Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
	Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
	Complex operator+(Complex &c2);
	Complex operator-(Complex &c2);
	Complex operator*(Complex &c2);
	Complex operator/(Complex &c2);
	void display();
private:
	double real;
	double imag;
};
//下面定义成员函数
Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c2)
{
	Complex c;
	c.real=real+c2.real;
	c.imag=imag+c2.imag;
	return c;

}
Complex Complex::operator-(Complex &c2)
{
	Complex c;
	c.real=real-c2.real;
	c.imag=imag-c2.imag;
	return c;
}

Complex Complex::operator*(Complex &c2)
{
	Complex c;
	c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;
	c.imag=imag*c2.real+real*c2.imag;
	return c;
}

 Complex Complex::operator/(Complex &c2)
{
	Complex c;
	c.real=(real*c2.real+imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);
	c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);
	return c;
}

void Complex::display()
{
	cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;
}

int main()
{
	Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
	cout<<"c1=";
	c1.display();
	cout<<"c2=";
	c2.display();
	c3=c1+c2;
	cout<<"c1+c2=";
	c3.display();
	c3=c1-c2;
	cout<<"c1-c2=";
	c3.display();
	c3=c1*c2;
	cout<<"c1*c2=";
	c3.display();
	c3=c1/c2;
	cout<<"c1/c2=";
	c3.display();
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

方案二：请用类的友元函数，而不是成员函数，完成上面提及的运算符的重载：

 
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
 Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
 Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
 friend Complex operator+(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
 friend Complex operator-(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
 friend Complex operator*(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
 friend Complex operator/(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
 friend void display(Complex &c2);
private:
 double real;
 double imag;
};
//下面定义友元函数
//复数相加： (a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i.
Complex operator+(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)    
{  
    Complex c;   
    c.real=c1.real+c2.real;  
    c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;  
    return c;  
}  
  
  
//复数相减：(a+bi)-(c+di)=(a-c)+(b-d)i.      
Complex operator-(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)      
{      
    Complex c;      
    c.real=c1.real-c2.real;      
    c.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag;      
    return c;      
}      
    
//复数相乘：(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac－bd)+(bc+ad)i.  
   
Complex operator*(Complex &c1,Complex &c2) 
{      
    Complex  c;      
    c.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag;      
    c.imag=c1.imag*c2.real+c1.real*c2.imag;      
    return c;      
}      
    
//复数相除：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2) +(bc-ad)/(c^2+d^2)i  
Complex operator/(Complex &c1,Complex &c2) 
{      
    Complex  c;      
    double d=c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag;  
    c.real=(c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/d;     //此处有危险未排除：除法溢出  
    c.imag=(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/d;      
    return c;      
}   
     
void display(Complex &c2)    
{  
    cout<<"("<<c2.real<<","<<c2.imag<<"i)"<<endl;  
}  
int main()
{
 Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
 cout<<"c1=";
 display(c1);
 cout<<"c2=";
 display(c2);
 c3=c1+c2;
 cout<<"c1+c2=";
 display(c3);
 c3=c1-c2;
 cout<<"c1-c2=";
 display(c3);
 c3=c1*c2;
 cout<<"c1*c2=";
 display(c3);
 c3=c1/c2;
 cout<<"c1/c2=";
 display(c3);
 system("pause");
 return 0;
}
运行结果：

方案三：在方案二的基础上，扩展+、-、*、/运算符的功能，使之能与double型数据进行运算。设Complex c; double d; c?d和d?c的结果为将d视为实部为d的复数同c运算的结果（其中?为+、-、*、/之一）。另外，定义一目运算符-，-c相当于0-c。

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}
Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}
friend Complex operator+(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator-(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator-(Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator*(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator/(Complex &c1,Complex &c2);
friend Complex operator+(Complex &c1,const double &d);
friend Complex operator+(const double &d, Complex &c);
friend void display(Complex &c2);
private:
double real;
double imag;
};
//下面定义友元函数

//复数相加： (a+bi)+(c+di)=(a+c)+(b+d)i.
Complex operator+(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real=c1.real+c2.real;
    c.imag=c1.imag+c2.imag;
    return c;
}
Complex operator+(Complex &c1,const double &d)
{
return Complex(c1.real+d, c1.imag);
}
Complex operator+(const double &d, Complex &c1)
{
return Complex(c1.real+d, c1.imag);
}

//复数相减：(a+bi)-(c+di)=(a-c)+(b-d)i.
Complex operator-(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real=c1.real-c2.real;
    c.imag=c1.imag-c2.imag;
    return c;
}
Complex operator-(Complex &c2)
{
return Complex(-c2.real, -c2.imag);

}
//复数相乘：(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac－bd)+(bc+ad)i.

Complex operator*(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real=c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag;
    c.imag=c1.imag*c2.real+c1.real*c2.imag;
    return c;
}

//复数相除：(a+bi)/(c+di)=(ac+bd)/(c^2+d^2) +(bc-ad)/(c^2+d^2)i
Complex operator/(Complex &c1,Complex &c2)
{
    Complex c;
    double d=c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag;
    c.real=(c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/d;     //此处有危险未排除：除法溢出
    c.imag=(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/d;
    return c;
}

void display(Complex &c2)
{
    cout<<"("<<c2.real<<","<<c2.imag<<"i)"<<endl;
}

int main()
{
Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3,c4;
cout<<"c1=";
display(c1);
cout<<"c2=";
display(c2);
c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c1+c2=";
display(c3);
c3=c1-c2;
cout<<"c1-c2=";
display(c3);
c3=c1*c2;
cout<<"c1*c2=";
display(c3);
c3=c1/c2;
cout<<"c1/c2=";
display(c3);
c4=c1+3.14;
cout<<"c1+3.14=";
display(c4);
c4=3.14+c1;
cout<<"3.14+c1=";
display(c4);
c4=-c1;
cout<<"-c1=";
display(c4);
system("pause");
return 0;
}

感悟：利用成员函数，友元函数，和运算符的不同方式来实现的这个函数能体会得到各自的好处

【上篇】拿到了offer,后天就要去上班了：）
【下篇】好员工，别以为裁员与你无关(上)

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该日志由 asfasfasfs 于11年前发表在综合分类下，最后更新于 2013年02月06日.
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