webservice有很多优点经常被用来做数据交换一类的工作，php也不甘示弱新版本的php也可以用来开发webservice了。虽然比起java,asp.net开发起来要麻烦一些，下面分享下我用php开发的第一个webservice
1.开发webservice要先打开php_soap.dll扩展库，编辑php.ini文件去前面的分号,之后看看设置生效没有
看到有这个就说明配置成功了，下面就可以接着开发了
2.php发布webservice和java不同，php需要生成一个wsdl文件才能把接口发布出去，如果是zendstudio会方便点。如果没有zendstudio也没关系，下面这个工具类可以生成wsdl文件
<?php
/**
* Copyright (c) 2005, Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are
* permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
* conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
* conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
* provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of the Solsoft de Costa Rica S.A. nor the names of its contributors may
* be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
* prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND
* CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
* INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
* SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
* OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
* EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
*
* @version $Id$
* @copyright 2005
*/
/**
* SoapDiscovery Class that provides Web Service Definition Language (WSDL).
*
* @package SoapDiscovery
* @author Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas
* @copyright Copyright (c) 2005 Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas
* @version $Id$
* @access public
**/
class SoapDiscovery {
private $class_name = '';
private $service_name = '';
/**
* SoapDiscovery::__construct() SoapDiscovery class Constructor.
*
* @param string $class_name
* @param string $service_name
**/
public function __construct($class_name = '', $service_name = '') {
$this->class_name = $class_name;
$this->service_name = $service_name;
}
/**
* SoapDiscovery::getWSDL() Returns the WSDL of a class if the class is instantiable.
*
* @return string
**/
public function getWSDL() {
if (empty($this->service_name)) {
throw new Exception('No service name.');
}
$headerWSDL = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" ?>\n";
$headerWSDL.= "<definitions name=\"$this->service_name\" targetNamespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" xmlns:wsdl=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/\" xmlns:tns=\"urn:$this->service_name\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:SOAP-ENC=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" xmlns=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\">\n";
$headerWSDL.= "<types xmlns=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\" />\n";
if (empty($this->class_name)) {
throw new Exception('No class name.');
}
$class = new ReflectionClass($this->class_name);
if (!$class->isInstantiable()) {
throw new Exception('Class is not instantiable.');
}
$methods = $class->getMethods();
$portTypeWSDL = '<portType name="'.$this->service_name.'Port">';
$bindingWSDL = '<binding name="'.$this->service_name.'Binding" type="tns:'.$this->service_name."Port\">\n<soap:binding style=\"rpc\" transport=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http\" />\n";
$serviceWSDL = '<service name="'.$this->service_name."\">\n<documentation />\n<port name=\"".$this->service_name.'Port" binding="tns:'.$this->service_name."Binding\"><soap:address location=\"http://".$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].':'.$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'].$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']."\" />\n</port>\n</service>\n";
$messageWSDL = '';
foreach ($methods as $method) {
if ($method->isPublic() && !$method->isConstructor()) {
$portTypeWSDL.= '<operation name="'.$method->getName()."\">\n".'<input message="tns:'.$method->getName()."Request\" />\n<output message=\"tns:".$method->getName()."Response\" />\n</operation>\n";
$bindingWSDL.= '<operation name="'.$method->getName()."\">\n".'<soap:operation soapAction="urn:'.$this->service_name.'#'.$this->class_name.'#'.$method->getName()."\" />\n<input><soap:body use=\"encoded\" namespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" />\n</input>\n<output>\n<soap:body use=\"encoded\" namespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" />\n</output>\n</operation>\n";
$messageWSDL.= '<message name="'.$method->getName()."Request\">\n";
$parameters = $method->getParameters();
foreach ($parameters as $parameter) {
$messageWSDL.= '<part name="'.$parameter->getName()."\" type=\"xsd:string\" />\n";
}
$messageWSDL.= "</message>\n";
$messageWSDL.= '<message name="'.$method->getName()."Response\">\n";
$messageWSDL.= '<part name="'.$method->getName()."\" type=\"xsd:string\" />\n";
$messageWSDL.= "</message>\n";
}
}
$portTypeWSDL.= "</portType>\n";
$bindingWSDL.= "</binding>\n";
//return sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>');
$fso = fopen($this->class_name . ".wsdl" , "w");
fwrite($fso, sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>'));
exit;
}
/**
* SoapDiscovery::getDiscovery() Returns discovery of WSDL.
*
* @return string
**/
public function getDiscovery() {
return "<?xml version=\"1.0\" ?>\n<disco:discovery xmlns:disco=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/\" xmlns:scl=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/scl/\">\n<scl:contractRef ref=\"http://".$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].':'.$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'].$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']."?wsdl\" />\n</disco:discovery>";
}
}
?>
3.编写webservice的核心类StudentService
<?php
class Student{
function outputName($name){
return "你的名字是:".$name;
}
}
?>
正式的开发肯定比这个复杂，我这里只能算是演示
4.借助生成wsdl的工具类和第三步生成的类来生成wsdl,生成wsdl的类也是一个php,命名可以随意我这里命名为StudentWebService，使用下面的代码就能生成wsdl
<?php
require_once "util/SoapDiscovery.class.php";
require_once "StudentService.php";
$dis=new SoapDiscovery("Student","StudentWebService");
$dis->getWSDL();
?>
Student就是上面那个类的类名，第二个参数是接口的名称可以自己定义，在浏览器输入地址生成一个wsdl，名称为Student.wsdl.如果出现异常wsdl就不会生成成功
5.接下来删除第四步里的php文件里面的内容，改为下面这样
<?php
require_once "StudentService.php";
$objSoapServer = new SoapServer("Student.wsdl");
//注册person类的所有方法
$objSoapServer->setClass("Student");
//处理请求
$objSoapServer->handle();
?>
到这里接口已经开发完毕，可以在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/webservice/StudentWebService.php?wsdl看wsdl是否能显示出来
6.编写一个客户端来测试webservice接口，如果不会写也可以偷个懒直接使用soapui就行，下面是php的客户端测试类test.php
<?php
$client = new SoapClient("http://localhost/webservice/StudentWebService.php?wsdl");
//outputName是接口里定义的方法
echo($client->outputName('蔡依林'));
echo "<br />";
?>
来看看期待已久的结果
平时的开发可能是返回一个xml或者json,要真正学好webservice这两块的知识也要很熟练才可以。