关键字: ssl
我们需要构建一个由CA机构签发的有效证书,这里我们使用上文中生成的自签名证书zlex.cer
这里,我们将证书导入到我们的密钥库。
- keytool -import -alias www.zlex.org -file d:/zlex.cer -keystore d:/zlex.keystore
其中
-import表示导入
-alias指定别名,这里是www.zlex.org
-file指定算法,这里是d:/zlex.cer
-keystore指定存储位置,这里是d:/zlex.keystore
在这里我使用的密码为654321
控制台输出:
- 输入keystore密码:
- 再次输入新密码:
- 所有者:CN=www.zlex.org, OU=zlex, O=zlex, L=BJ, ST=BJ, C=CN
- 签发人:CN=www.zlex.org, OU=zlex, O=zlex, L=BJ, ST=BJ, C=CN
- 序列号:4a1e48df
- 有效期: Thu May 28 16:18:39 CST 2009 至Wed Aug 26 16:18:39 CST 2009
- 证书指纹:
- MD5:19:CA:E6:36:E2:DF:AD:96:31:97:2F:A9:AD:FC:37:6A
- SHA1:49:88:30:59:29:45:F1:69:CA:97:A9:6D:8A:CF:08:D2:C3:D5:C0:C4
- 签名算法名称:SHA1withRSA
- 版本: 3
- 信任这个认证? [否]: y
- 认证已添加至keystore中
OK,最复杂的准备工作已经完成。
接下来我们将域名www.zlex.org定位到本机上。打开C:/Windows/System32/drivers/etc/hosts文件,将www.zlex.org绑定在本机上。在文件末尾追加127.0.0.1 www.zlex.org。现在通过地址栏访问http://www.zlex.org,或者通过ping命令,如果能够定位到本机,域名映射就搞定了。
现在,配置tomcat。先将zlex.keystore拷贝到tomcat的conf目录下,然后配置server.xml。将如下内容加入配置文件
- <Connector
- SSLEnabled="true"
- URIEncoding="UTF-8"
- clientAuth="false"
- keystoreFile="conf/zlex.keystore"
- keystorePass="123456"
- maxThreads="150"
- port="443"
- protocol="HTTP/1.1"
- scheme="https"
- secure="true"
- sslProtocol="TLS" />
注意clientAuth="false"测试阶段,置为false,正式使用时建议使用true。现在启动tomcat,访问https://www.zlex.org/。
显然,证书未能通过认证,这个时候你可以选择安装证书(上文中的zlex.cer文件就是证书),作为受信任的根证书颁发机构导入,再次重启浏览器(IE,其他浏览器对于域名www.zlex.org不支持本地方式访问),访问https://www.zlex.org/,你会看到地址栏中会有个小锁,就说明安装成功。所有的浏览器联网操作已经在RSA加密解密系统的保护之下了。但似乎我们感受不到。
这个时候很多人开始怀疑,如果我们要手工做一个这样的https的访问是不是需要把浏览器的这些个功能都实现呢?不需要!
接着上篇内容,给出如下代码实现:
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.security.KeyStore;
- import java.security.PrivateKey;
- import java.security.PublicKey;
- import java.security.Signature;
- import java.security.cert.Certificate;
- import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
- import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
- import java.util.Date;
- import javax.crypto.Cipher;
- import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
- import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;
- import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
- import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
- import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
- /**
- * 证书组件
- *
- * @author 梁栋
- * @version 1.0
- * @since 1.0
- */
- public abstract class CertificateCoder extends Coder {
- /**
- * Java密钥库(Java Key Store,JKS)KEY_STORE
- */
- public static final String KEY_STORE = "JKS";
- public static final String X509 = "X.509";
- public static final String SunX509 = "SunX509";
- public static final String SSL = "SSL";
- /**
- * 由KeyStore获得私钥
- *
- * @param keyStorePath
- * @param alias
- * @param password
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- private static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String keyStorePath, String alias,
- String password) throws Exception {
- KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);
- PrivateKey key = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(alias, password.toCharArray());
- return key;
- }
- /**
- * 由Certificate获得公钥
- *
- * @param certificatePath
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- private static PublicKey getPublicKey(String certificatePath)
- throws Exception {
- Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath);
- PublicKey key = certificate.getPublicKey();
- return key;
- }
- /**
- * 获得Certificate
- *
- * @param certificatePath
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- private static Certificate getCertificate(String certificatePath)
- throws Exception {
- CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory
- .getInstance(X509);
- FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(certificatePath);
- Certificate certificate = certificateFactory.generateCertificate(in);
- in.close();
- return certificate;
- }
- /**
- * 获得Certificate
- *
- * @param keyStorePath
- * @param alias
- * @param password
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- private static Certificate getCertificate(String keyStorePath,
- String alias, String password) throws Exception {
- KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);
- Certificate certificate = ks.getCertificate(alias);
- return certificate;
- }
- /**
- * 获得KeyStore
- *
- * @param keyStorePath
- * @param password
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- private static KeyStore getKeyStore(String keyStorePath, String password)
- throws Exception {
- FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(keyStorePath);
- KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KEY_STORE);
- ks.load(is, password.toCharArray());
- is.close();
- return ks;
- }
- /**
- * 私钥加密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param keyStorePath
- * @param alias
- * @param password
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String keyStorePath,
- String alias, String password) throws Exception {
- // 取得私钥
- PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath, alias, password);
- // 对数据加密
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(privateKey.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
- return cipher.doFinal(data);
- }
- /**
- * 私钥解密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param keyStorePath
- * @param alias
- * @param password
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String keyStorePath,
- String alias, String password) throws Exception {
- // 取得私钥
- PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath, alias, password);
- // 对数据加密
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(privateKey.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
- return cipher.doFinal(data);
- }
- /**
- * 公钥加密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param certificatePath
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String certificatePath)
- throws Exception {
- // 取得公钥
- PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(certificatePath);
- // 对数据加密
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(publicKey.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
- return cipher.doFinal(data);
- }
- /**
- * 公钥解密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param certificatePath
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String certificatePath)
- throws Exception {
- // 取得公钥
- PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(certificatePath);
- // 对数据加密
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(publicKey.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
- return cipher.doFinal(data);
- }
- /**
- * 验证Certificate
- *
- * @param certificatePath
- * @return
- */
- public static boolean verifyCertificate(String certificatePath) {
- return verifyCertificate(new Date(), certificatePath);
- }
- /**
- * 验证Certificate是否过期或无效
- *
- * @param date
- * @param certificatePath
- * @return
- */
- public static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, String certificatePath) {
- boolean status = true;
- try {
- // 取得证书
- Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath);
- // 验证证书是否过期或无效
- status = verifyCertificate(date, certificate);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- status = false;
- }
- return status;
- }
- /**
- * 验证证书是否过期或无效
- *
- * @param date
- * @param certificate
- * @return
- */
- private static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, Certificate certificate) {
- boolean status = true;
- try {
- X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) certificate;
- x509Certificate.checkValidity(date);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- status = false;
- }
- return status;
- }
- /**
- * 签名
- *
- * @param keyStorePath
- * @param alias
- * @param password
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String sign(byte[] sign, String keyStorePath, String alias,
- String password) throws Exception {
- // 获得证书
- X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) getCertificate(
- keyStorePath, alias, password);
- // 获取私钥
- KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);
- // 取得私钥
- PrivateKey privateKey = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(alias, password
- .toCharArray());
- // 构建签名
- Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(x509Certificate
- .getSigAlgName());
- signature.initSign(privateKey);
- signature.update(sign);
- return encryptBASE64(signature.sign());
- }
- /**
- * 验证签名
- *
- * @param data
- * @param sign
- * @param certificatePath
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String sign,
- String certificatePath) throws Exception {
- // 获得证书
- X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) getCertificate(certificatePath);
- // 获得公钥
- PublicKey publicKey = x509Certificate.getPublicKey();
- // 构建签名
- Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(x509Certificate
- .getSigAlgName());
- signature.initVerify(publicKey);
- signature.update(data);
- return signature.verify(decryptBASE64(sign));
- }
- /**
- * 验证Certificate
- *
- * @param keyStorePath
- * @param alias
- * @param password
- * @return
- */
- public static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, String keyStorePath,
- String alias, String password) {
- boolean status = true;
- try {
- Certificate certificate = getCertificate(keyStorePath, alias,
- password);
- status = verifyCertificate(date, certificate);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- status = false;
- }
- return status;
- }
- /**
- * 验证Certificate
- *
- * @param keyStorePath
- * @param alias
- * @param password
- * @return
- */
- public static boolean verifyCertificate(String keyStorePath, String alias,
- String password) {
- return verifyCertificate(new Date(), keyStorePath, alias, password);
- }
- /**
- * 获得SSLSocektFactory
- *
- * @param password
- * 密码
- * @param keyStorePath
- * 密钥库路径
- *
- * @param trustKeyStorePath
- * 信任库路径
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- private static SSLSocketFactory getSSLSocketFactory(String password,
- String keyStorePath, String trustKeyStorePath) throws Exception {
- // 初始化密钥库
- KeyManagerFactory keyManagerFactory = KeyManagerFactory
- .getInstance(SunX509);
- KeyStore keyStore = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);
- keyManagerFactory.init(keyStore, password.toCharArray());
- // 初始化信任库
- TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory
- .getInstance(SunX509);
- KeyStore trustkeyStore = getKeyStore(trustKeyStorePath, password);
- trustManagerFactory.init(trustkeyStore);
- // 初始化SSL上下文
- SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance(SSL);
- ctx.init(keyManagerFactory.getKeyManagers(), trustManagerFactory
- .getTrustManagers(), null);
- SSLSocketFactory sf = ctx.getSocketFactory();
- return sf;
- }
- /**
- * 为HttpsURLConnection配置SSLSocketFactory
- *
- * @param conn
- * HttpsURLConnection
- * @param password
- * 密码
- * @param keyStorePath
- * 密钥库路径
- *
- * @param trustKeyStorePath
- * 信任库路径
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static void configSSLSocketFactory(HttpsURLConnection conn,
- String password, String keyStorePath, String trustKeyStorePath)
- throws Exception {
- conn.setSSLSocketFactory(getSSLSocketFactory(password, keyStorePath,
- trustKeyStorePath));
- }
- }