rsync - Linux Security Cookbook - Recipe 1.16 Integrity Checking with rsync

Recipe 1.16 Integrity Checking with rsync

1.16.1 Problem

You
want to snapshot and check your files
but you can't use Tripwire. You have lots of disk space on a remote
machine.

1.16.2 Solution

Use rsync to copy your important files to the remote
machine. Use rsync again to compare the copies on the two machines.

1.16.3 Discussion

Let trippy and trusty be your two machines as before. You want to
ensure the integrity of the files on trippy.

1. On trippy, store the
   rsync binary on a CD-ROM mounted at /mnt/cdrom.

2. On trusty, copy the files from
   trippy:

   trusty# rsync -a -v --rsync-path=/mnt/cdrom/rsync --rsh=/usr/bin/ssh /
    trippy:/ /data/trippy-backup

3. Check integrity from trusty:

   trusty# rsync -a -v -n --rsync-path=/mnt/cdrom/rsync --rsh=/usr/bin/ssh /
    trippy:/ /data/trippy-backup

The first rsync actually performs copying, while the
second merely reports differences, thanks to the -n option. If there are
no differences, the output will look something like this:

receiving file list ... done
wrote 16 bytes read 7478 bytes 4996.00 bytes/sec
total size is 3469510 speedup is 462.97

but if any files differ, their names will appear after the
"receiving file list" message:

receiving file list ... done
/bin/ls
/usr/sbin/sshd
wrote 24 bytes read 7486 bytes 5006.67 bytes/sec
total size is 3469510 speedup is 461.99

Any listed files—in this case /bin/ls and
/usr/sbin/sshd—should be treated as suspicious.

This method has important limitations, most notably that it
does not check inode numbers or device
numbers. A real integrity checker is better.

1.16.4 See Also

rsync(1).

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Linux Security Cookbook - Recipe 1.16 Integrity Checking with rsync