1.使用_findfirst(CRT)或者FindFirstFile(API)实现循环打印指定目录的所有子目录及文件（dir/s）,实现在子目录中查找指定的文件，如果不同目录下有同名文件，都列出来（dir/s[filename]）.提示：在MSDN中使用搜索功能查找例程。
答：
#include <iostream>
#include <io.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <direct.h>
using namespace std;
void search_directory(char *ps)//注意:不能隐藏文件扩展名。这个函数是在一个目录下面寻找指定文件的位置
{
struct _finddata_t filestruct;
long handle;
char path_search[MAX_PATH];
handle=_findfirst("*",&filestruct);
if(handle==-1)
{cout<<"findfirst() fail!";return;}
if(GetFileAttributes(filestruct.name) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
if(filestruct.name[0]!='.')//是目录
{_chdir(filestruct.name);search_directory(filestruct.name);_chdir("..");}
else //不是目录，是具体的
{
if (!strcmp(filestruct.name,ps) )
{_getcwd(path_search,MAX_PATH);strcat(path_search,"\\");
strcat(path_search,filestruct.name);
cout<<path_search<<endl;}
}
while(!_findnext(handle,&filestruct))//找下一个
{
if (GetFileAttributes(filestruct.name) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
{
if(*filestruct.name!='.')//是目录
{
_chdir(filestruct.name);
search_directory(ps);
_chdir("..");
}
}
else
{
if(! strcmp(filestruct.name,ps))
{
_getcwd(path_search,MAX_PATH);
strcat(path_search,"\\");
strcat(path_search,filestruct.name);
cout<<path_search<<endl;
}
}
}
}
void print_directory(char *ps)//打印指定下面所有子目录和文件
{
struct _finddata_t filestruct;
long handle;//char *p="目录：";
char path_search[MAX_PATH];
handle=_findfirst("*",&filestruct);
if(handle==-1)
{cout<<"findfirst() fail!";return;}
if(GetFileAttributes(filestruct.name) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
if(filestruct.name[0]!='.')//!='.'是目录
{cout<<filestruct.name<<"目录下的文件有："<<endl;;
//strcat(path_search,filestruct.name);
//cout<<filestruct.name<<endl;
_chdir(filestruct.name);print_directory(filestruct.name);_chdir("..");
cout<<"..........................................................."<<endl;}
else //不是目录，是具体的
{
//if (!strcmp(filestruct.name,ps) )
cout<<"非目录文件："<<endl;;
{_getcwd(path_search,MAX_PATH);strcat(path_search,"\\");
strcat(path_search,filestruct.name);
cout<<path_search<<endl;}
}
while(!_findnext(handle,&filestruct))//找下一个
{
if (GetFileAttributes(filestruct.name) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
{
if(*filestruct.name!='.')//是目录
{
cout<<filestruct.name<<"目录下的文件有："<<endl;
//strcat(path_search,filestruct.name);
//
strcpy(path_search,p);
//strcat(path_search,filestruct.name);
//
cout<<filestruct.name<<endl;
_chdir(filestruct.name);
print_directory(filestruct.name);
_chdir("..");
cout<<"..........................................................."<<endl;
}
}
else
{
//if(! strcmp(filestruct.name,ps))
{
cout<<"非目录文件："<<endl;;;
_getcwd(path_search,MAX_PATH);
strcat(path_search,"\\");
strcat(path_search,filestruct.name);
cout<<path_search<<endl;
}
}
}
}
void main()
{
struct _finddata_t c_file;
long handl;
char *p=new
char[20];
cin>>p;
print_directory(p);
}
或者用CFileFind或者函数FindFirstFile来实现。
2.开发一个输出流类COutput,支持对基本类型的输入输出，内部使用printf根据，重载输出<<函数的参数，按类型输出。
答：
#define endl "endl"
//输出流类COutput,支持对基本类型的输入输出，内部使用printf根据
class COutput
{
public:
COutput &operator<<(const char*ps){if(!strcmp(ps,"endl")) printf("\n");else printf("%s",ps);return *this;}
COutput &operator<<(char c){printf("%c",c);return *this;}
COutput &operator<<(short i) {printf("%sd",i);return *this;}
COutput &operator<<(int i){printf("%d",i);return *this;}
COutput &operator<<(long l){printf("%ld",l);return *this;}
COutput &operator<<(double d){printf("%f",d);return *this;}
COutput &operator<<(const void* a){printf("%d",a);return *this;}
};
class CInput
{
public:
CInput &operator>>(const char*ps){scanf("%s",ps);return *this;}
CInput &operator>>(char c){scanf("%c",c);return *this;}
CInput &operator>>(short i) {scanf("%sd",i);return *this;}
CInput &operator>>(int i){scanf("%d",i);return *this;}
CInput &operator>>(long l){scanf("%ld",l);return *this;}
CInput &operator>>(double d){scanf("%f",d);return *this;}
CInput &operator>>(const void* a){scanf("%d",a);return *this;}
};