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Hadoop 自定义InputFormat实现自定义Split

2013年11月11日 ⁄ 综合 ⁄ 共 12340字 ⁄ 字号 评论关闭

上一篇文章中提到了如何进行RecordReader的重写,本篇文章就是来实现如何实现自定义split的大小

要解决的需求:

(1)一个文本中每一行都记录了一个文件的路径,

(2)要求处理路径对应的文件,但是因为文件量比较大,所以想进行分布式处理

(3)所以就对输入的文档进行预处理,读取前N行做为一个splits,但是没有实现,因为重写FileSplit不是太容易实现,就偷懒直接定义一个split的大小是1000个字节,这样就可以将输入的文档进行分片了。

直接贴代码:

InputFormat

/**
* @file LineInputFormat.java
* @brief自定义InputFormat 实现split大小的控制
* @author anbo, anbo724@gmail.com
* @version 1.0
* @date 2011-10-18
*/
/* Copyright(C)
* For free
* All right reserved
*
*/ 


package an.hadoop.test;


import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; 
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.BlockLocation;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodec;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionCodecFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.InputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.InputSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.JobContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.RecordReader;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskAttemptContext;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.LineRecordReader;

public class LineInputFormat extends FileInputFormat<LongWritable , Text> {
	
	public long mySplitSize = 1000;
	
	 private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(FileInputFormat.class);

	  private static final double SPLIT_SLOP = 1.1;   // 10% slop

	 @Override
	  public RecordReader<LongWritable, Text> 
	    createRecordReader(InputSplit split,
	                       TaskAttemptContext context) {
	    return new LineRecordReader(); //为什么不行呢 
	  }
	
	@Override
	protected boolean isSplitable(JobContext context, Path file) {
		CompressionCodec codec =
		new CompressionCodecFactory(context.getConfiguration()).getCodec(file);
		//return codec == null;
		return true;//要求分片
	}
	
	 /** 
	   * Generate the list of files and make them into FileSplits.
	   */ 
	@Override
	  public List<InputSplit> getSplits(JobContext job) throws IOException {
	    long minSize = Math.max(getFormatMinSplitSize(), getMinSplitSize(job));
	    long maxSize = getMaxSplitSize(job);

	    // generate splits
	    List<InputSplit> splits = new ArrayList<InputSplit>(); //用以存放生成的split的  
	    for (FileStatus file: listStatus(job)) {//filestatues是文件对应的信息,具体看对应的类
	      Path path = file.getPath();
	      FileSystem fs = path.getFileSystem(job.getConfiguration());
	      long length = file.getLen(); //得到文本的长度
	      BlockLocation[] blkLocations = fs.getFileBlockLocations(file, 0, length); //取得文件所在块的位置
	      if ((length != 0) && isSplitable(job, path)) { //如果文件不为空,并且可以分片的话就进行下列操作,
	        long blockSize = file.getBlockSize();//
	        //long splitSize = computeSplitSize(blockSize, minSize, maxSize); //split的大小Math.max(minSize, Math.min(maxSize, blockSize));
	        //可以通过调整splitSize的大小来控制对应的文件块的大小,比如设置splitSize=100,那么就可以控制成每个split的大小
	        //但是问题是,我是要求按行进行处理的,虽然这样应该也可以按行进行切分了,不过却不能保证每个split对应的行数都是相等的
	        //一般情况是如果文件大于64M(32M)就会使用块大小来作为split
	        long splitSize = mySplitSize;
	        long bytesRemaining = length; //文本的长度
	        
	        while (((double) bytesRemaining)/splitSize > SPLIT_SLOP) {//剩下的文本长度大于split大小的SPLIT_SLOP倍数
	          int blkIndex = getBlockIndex(blkLocations, length-bytesRemaining);//找到对应block块中对应的第0个字符开始,
	          splits.add(new FileSplit(path, length-bytesRemaining, splitSize,  
	                                   blkLocations[blkIndex].getHosts())); 
	        //这个是形成split的代码FileSplit(文件路径,0,split大小,host)
	          //原始函数为 FileSplit(Path file, long start, long length, String[] hosts) {
	          //但是应该可以通过重写FileSplit来实现对应的要求
	          bytesRemaining -= splitSize;
	        }
	        
	        if (bytesRemaining != 0) {
	          splits.add(new FileSplit(path, length-bytesRemaining, bytesRemaining, 
	                     blkLocations[blkLocations.length-1].getHosts()));
	        }
	      } else if (length != 0) {
	        splits.add(new FileSplit(path, 0, length, blkLocations[0].getHosts()));
	      } else { 
	        //Create empty hosts array for zero length files
	        splits.add(new FileSplit(path, 0, length, new String[0]));
	      }
	    }
	    LOG.debug("Total # of splits: " + splits.size());
	    return splits;
	  }

	

	
	
	

}

main类

public class Test_multi {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
	    Configuration conf = new Configuration();
	    String[] otherArgs = new GenericOptionsParser(conf, args).getRemainingArgs();
	    if (otherArgs.length != 2) {
	      System.err.println("Usage: test_multi <in> <out>");
	      System.exit(2);
	    }
	    Job job = new Job(conf, "test_multi");
	    job.setJarByClass(Test_multi.class);
	    job.setMapperClass(MultiMapper.class);
	   // job.setInputFormatClass(LineInputFormat.class);//自定义了InputFormat
	    //job.setCombinerClass(IntSumReducer.class);
	    //job.setReducerClass(IntSumReducer.class);
	    job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
	    job.setOutputValueClass(Text.class);
	    FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path(otherArgs[0]));
	    FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(otherArgs[1]));
	    //job.waitForCompletion(true);
	    System.exit(job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0 : 1);
	  }

然后看下一日志;

不使用自定义的InputFormat的处理结果是

11/11/10 14:54:25 INFO jvm.JvmMetrics: Initializing JVM Metrics with processName=JobTracker, sessionId=
11/11/10 14:54:25 WARN mapred.JobClient: No job jar file set.  User classes may not be found. See JobConf(Class) or JobConf#setJar(String).
11/11/10 14:54:25 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1
11/11/10 14:54:25 INFO mapred.JobClient: Running job: job_local_0001
11/11/10 14:54:25 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1
11/11/10 14:54:26 INFO mapred.MapTask: io.sort.mb = 100
11/11/10 14:54:26 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 0% reduce 0%
11/11/10 14:54:26 INFO mapred.MapTask: data buffer = 79691776/99614720
11/11/10 14:54:26 INFO mapred.MapTask: record buffer = 262144/327680
11/11/10 14:54:32 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:54:33 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 58% reduce 0%
11/11/10 14:54:34 INFO mapred.MapTask: Starting flush of map output
11/11/10 14:54:35 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:54:35 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 0%
11/11/10 14:54:35 INFO mapred.MapTask: Finished spill 0
11/11/10 14:54:35 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task:attempt_local_0001_m_000000_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
11/11/10 14:54:35 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:54:35 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task 'attempt_local_0001_m_000000_0' done.
11/11/10 14:54:35 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:54:35 INFO mapred.Merger: Merging 1 sorted segments
11/11/10 14:54:35 INFO mapred.Merger: Down to the last merge-pass, with 1 segments left of total size: 2974 bytes
11/11/10 14:54:35 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task:attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0 is allowed to commit now
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO output.FileOutputCommitter: Saved output of task 'attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0' to hdfs://an.local:9100/user/an/out2
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: reduce > reduce
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task 'attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0' done.
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 100%
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient: Job complete: job_local_0001
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient: Counters: 14
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:   FileSystemCounters
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     FILE_BYTES_READ=35990
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     HDFS_BYTES_READ=8052
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     FILE_BYTES_WRITTEN=72570
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     HDFS_BYTES_WRITTEN=2642
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:   Map-Reduce Framework
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input groups=165
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine output records=0
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map input records=165
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce shuffle bytes=0
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce output records=165
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Spilled Records=330
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output bytes=2642
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine input records=0
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output records=165
11/11/10 14:54:36 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input records=165

使用自定义的InputFormat的日志是:

11/11/10 14:42:41 INFO jvm.JvmMetrics: Initializing JVM Metrics with processName=JobTracker, sessionId=
11/11/10 14:42:41 WARN mapred.JobClient: No job jar file set.  User classes may not be found. See JobConf(Class) or JobConf#setJar(String).
11/11/10 14:42:41 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1
11/11/10 14:42:42 INFO mapred.JobClient: Running job: job_local_0001
11/11/10 14:42:42 INFO input.FileInputFormat: Total input paths to process : 1
11/11/10 14:42:42 INFO mapred.MapTask: io.sort.mb = 100
11/11/10 14:42:43 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 0% reduce 0%
11/11/10 14:42:46 INFO mapred.MapTask: data buffer = 79691776/99614720
11/11/10 14:42:46 INFO mapred.MapTask: record buffer = 262144/327680
11/11/10 14:42:49 INFO mapred.MapTask: Starting flush of map output
11/11/10 14:42:49 INFO mapred.MapTask: Finished spill 0
11/11/10 14:42:49 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task:attempt_local_0001_m_000000_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
11/11/10 14:42:49 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:42:49 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task 'attempt_local_0001_m_000000_0' done.
11/11/10 14:42:49 INFO mapred.MapTask: io.sort.mb = 100
11/11/10 14:42:50 INFO mapred.MapTask: data buffer = 79691776/99614720
11/11/10 14:42:50 INFO mapred.MapTask: record buffer = 262144/327680
11/11/10 14:42:50 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 0%
11/11/10 14:42:51 INFO mapred.MapTask: Starting flush of map output
11/11/10 14:42:51 INFO mapred.MapTask: Finished spill 0
11/11/10 14:42:51 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task:attempt_local_0001_m_000001_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
11/11/10 14:42:51 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:42:51 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task 'attempt_local_0001_m_000001_0' done.
11/11/10 14:42:51 INFO mapred.MapTask: io.sort.mb = 100
11/11/10 14:42:51 INFO mapred.MapTask: data buffer = 79691776/99614720
11/11/10 14:42:51 INFO mapred.MapTask: record buffer = 262144/327680
11/11/10 14:42:53 INFO mapred.MapTask: Starting flush of map output
11/11/10 14:42:53 INFO mapred.MapTask: Finished spill 0
11/11/10 14:42:53 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task:attempt_local_0001_m_000002_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
11/11/10 14:42:53 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:42:53 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task 'attempt_local_0001_m_000002_0' done.
11/11/10 14:42:53 INFO mapred.MapTask: io.sort.mb = 100
11/11/10 14:42:53 INFO mapred.MapTask: data buffer = 79691776/99614720
11/11/10 14:42:53 INFO mapred.MapTask: record buffer = 262144/327680
11/11/10 14:42:54 INFO mapred.MapTask: Starting flush of map output
11/11/10 14:42:54 INFO mapred.MapTask: Finished spill 0
11/11/10 14:42:54 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task:attempt_local_0001_m_000003_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
11/11/10 14:42:54 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:42:54 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task 'attempt_local_0001_m_000003_0' done.
11/11/10 14:42:54 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:42:54 INFO mapred.Merger: Merging 4 sorted segments
11/11/10 14:42:54 INFO mapred.Merger: Down to the last merge-pass, with 4 segments left of total size: 2980 bytes
11/11/10 14:42:54 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task:attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0 is done. And is in the process of commiting
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: 
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0 is allowed to commit now
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO output.FileOutputCommitter: Saved output of task 'attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0' to hdfs://an.local:9100/user/an/out2
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.LocalJobRunner: reduce > reduce
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.TaskRunner: Task 'attempt_local_0001_r_000000_0' done.
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 100% reduce 100%
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient: Job complete: job_local_0001
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient: Counters: 14
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:   FileSystemCounters
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     FILE_BYTES_READ=86081
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     HDFS_BYTES_READ=40373
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     FILE_BYTES_WRITTEN=181846
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     HDFS_BYTES_WRITTEN=2642
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:   Map-Reduce Framework
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input groups=165
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine output records=0
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map input records=165
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce shuffle bytes=0
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce output records=165
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Spilled Records=330
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output bytes=2642
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Combine input records=0
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Map output records=165
11/11/10 14:42:55 INFO mapred.JobClient:     Reduce input records=165

从中可以看出第二个日志文件里面有四段这样的代码:

11/11/10 14:42:42 INFO mapred.MapTask: io.sort.mb = 100
11/11/10 14:42:43 INFO mapred.JobClient:  map 0% reduce 0%
11/11/10 14:42:46 INFO mapred.MapTask: data buffer = 79691776/99614720
11/11/10 14:42:46 INFO mapred.MapTask: record buffer = 262144/327680
11/11/10 14:42:49 INFO mapred.MapTask: Starting flush of map output
11/11/10 14:42:49 INFO mapred.MapTask: Finished spill 0

说明是被分成了四个split,分片是成功了。

下一个问题:

使用多文件输入,中间处理之后输出文件是跟输入文件同名的,只是不在同一个文件夹下面。

输入文件与输出文件一一对应

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