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1、Spring mvc相关的jar包。
这是我的目录:
2、建好项目,加载相关包。首先配置web.xml。DispatcherServlet 是Spring MVC 的入口。所有请求都会调用此接口。
需要在 web.xml 中注册 DispatcherServlet
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <!-- 添加spring控制器和映射 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!-- 拦截所有以action 结尾的请求 --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
3、在web.xml相同的路径下新建一个配置文件。名字为springmvc-servlet.xml。名字要与web.xml中的<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>相同,再加上-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 默认扫描的包路径 --> <context:component-scan base-package="org.cfc.com.spring" /> <!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 --> <context:annotation-config /> <!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
问题:如将 <property name="prefix" value="/" /> 配置为 <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/user/" /> 总是出现找不到。但路径是没有问题的。请指教??
总会出现“The requested resource (/springmvcdemo1/user/success.jsp) is not available.”这个问题
4、框架已经搭建好了。现在开始做一个简单的登录。前台建好三个页面。login.html、fail.jsp和success.jsp以下是其代码。
login.html 登录页面
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>login.html</title> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="this is my page"> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./styles.css">--> </head> <body> <form action="login.action" method="post"> <label>username:</label><input type="text" name="username" /><br> <label>password:</label><input type="text" name="password" /><br> <input type="submit" value="submit" /> </form> </body> </html>
success.jsp 登录成功页面,用EL获取用户名
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'MyJsp.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> 欢迎${username }登录 </body> </html>
fail.jsp 登录失败页面
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'MyJsp.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <h1>ERROR</h1> </body> </html>
5、前台建好了,在后台建立控制器。
在org.cfc.com.spring下建立一个类。
package org.cfc.com.spring; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; @Controller public class ControllerDemo01 { //@Controller注解标识一个控制器,@RequestMapping注解标记一个访问的路径(/index) //return "index"标记返回视图(index) @RequestMapping("/user/login") public ModelAndView regist( String username,String password,HttpServletRequest request){ if("admin".equals(username) && "admin".equals(password)){ request.setAttribute("username", username); return new ModelAndView("/user/success"); } return new ModelAndView("/user/fail"); } }
6、已经完成。启动tomcat。结果如下图。
附上spring mvc工作原理图。有助于理解。