原文地址::http://codroider.net/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=276&page=1
两个进程间的Service需要进行通信,则需要把对象序列化后进行互相发送。
Android提供了一个 AIDL (Android接口定义语言)工具来处理序列化和通信。这种情况下Service需要以aidl文件的方式提供服务接口,AIDL工具将生成一个相应的java接口,并且在生成的服务接口中包含一个功能调用的stub服务桩类。Service的实现类需要去继承这个 stub服务桩类。Service的onBind方**返回实现类的对象,之后你就可以使用它了.现在来实现一个HelloWorld级的服务以及在Activity中使用这个服务。步骤如下:
1.编写aidl文件,在这个文件中提供了服务所提供的方法的接口,文件的扩展名为aidl,在我们的示例中命名为IDataTimeService.aidl文件的内容为如下所示:
JAVA代码:
- package com.services.demo2;
- // Declare the interface.
- interface IDataTimeService {
- String getCurrentDataTime();
- }
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2.编写服务的实现类,在这个示例中为DataTimeService.java,内容如下:
JAVA代码:
- public class DataTimeService extends Service{
- public static final String BROADCAST_ACTION = "com.services.demo2.DataTimeServiceEvent";
- /**
- 使用上面定义的字符串常量创建一个Intent的实例,如果服务在运行的过程中发生的事件都可以通过Service的
- sendBroadcast(broadcast)方法来发送一个广播消息通知Activity,然后有Activity注册的接收者进行处理;
- */
- private Intent broadcast = new Intent(BROADCAST_ACTION);
- sendBroadcast(broadcast);
- private final IDataTimeService.Stub binder = new IDataTimeService.Stub() {
- public String getCurrentDataTime() {
- return (getCurrentDataTimeImpl());
- }
- };
- synchronized private String getCurrentDataTimeImpl() {
- Date date=new Date();
- return (date.toLocaleString());
- }
- @Override
- public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
- return (binder);
- }
- }
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3.现在编写一个Activity,来消费这个服务:
JAVA代码:
- public class ServicesDemo2 extends Activity {
- private IDataTimeService service = null;
- private Intent serviceIntent = null;
- private WebView browser;
- private ServiceConnection svcConn = new ServiceConnection() {
- public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder binder) {
- service = IDataTimeService.Stub.asInterface(binder);
- browser.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
- public void run() {
- updateForecast();
- }
- }, 1000);
- }
- public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName className) {
- service = null;
- }
- };
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- browser = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webkit);
- serviceIntent = new Intent(this, DataTimeServiceImpl.class);
- //绑定一个服务
- bindService(serviceIntent, svcConn, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
- }
- @Override
- public void onResume() {
- super.onResume();
- /**
- 注册广播消息的接收者,在android中服务与Activity的通信依靠广播发送消息,然后由Activity注册的接收者
- 接收到消息,进行相应的处理这里使用DataTimeServiceImpl.BROADCAST_ACTION来过滤,表明它只接收
- DataTimeService中的调用sendBroadcast(broadcast)发送的广播消息;
- */
- registerReceiver(receiver, new IntentFilter(
- DataTimeServiceImpl.BROADCAST_ACTION));
- }
- @Override
- public void onPause() {
- super.onPause();
- unregisterReceiver(receiver);
- }
- @Override
- public void onDestroy() {
- super.onDestroy();
- unbindService(svcConn);
- }
- private void updateForecast() {
- try {
- String page = service.getForecastPage();
- if (page != null) {
- browser.loadDataWithBaseURL(null, page, "text/html", "UTF-8",
- null);
- browser.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
- public void run() {
- updateForecast();
- }
- }, 1000);
- }
- } catch (final Throwable t) {
- svcConn.onServiceDisconnected(null);
- }
- }
- //接收者实例
- private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
- public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
- runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
- public void run() {
- updateForecast();
- }
- });
- }
- };
- }
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