WebService客户端调用的本质就是将SAOP格式的XML通过通信协议发送到WebService的服务器端,然后接收服务器端返回的XML.
本文简单介绍一下如何通过Spring提供的WebServiceTemplate访问Webservice,WebServiceTemplate与调用webservice的客户端已及webservice服务器端示意图如下(图片来源于Spring in Action):
这里以SOAP over HTTP为例,开发步骤如下:
1,在Spring的配置文件中配置WebServiceTemplate,最简单的配置如下:
- <bean id="webServiceTemplate" class="org.springframework.ws.client.core.WebServiceTemplate">
- <property name="defaultUri" value="http://localhost:8080/prjCXFWS/services/SimpleServicePort"/>
- </bean>
*这种配置省略了MessageFactory和messageSender的配置,Spring默认会使用SaajSoapMessageFactory和HttpUrlConnectionMessageSender.等同于下面的配置
- <bean id="messageFactory" class="org.springframework.ws.soap.saaj.SaajSoapMessageFactory"/>
- <bean id="webServiceTemplate" class="org.springframework.ws.client.core.WebServiceTemplate">
- <constructor-arg ref="messageFactory"/>
- <property name="messageSender">
- <bean class="org.springframework.ws.transport.http.HttpUrlConnectionMessageSender"/>
- </property>
- <property name="defaultUri" value="http://localhost:8080/prjCXFWS/services/SimpleServicePort" />
- </bean>
还可以使用CommonsHttpMessageSender作为messageSender,它提供了设置timeout,用户名,密码等选项的功能.(需要使用commons-httpclient.jar和commons-codec.jar)
MessageFactory还可以使用AxiomSoapMessageFactory和DomPoxMessageFactory.
- <bean id="webServiceTemplate" class="org.springframework.ws.client.core.WebServiceTemplate">
- <property name="messageSender">
- <bean class="org.springframework.ws.transport.http.CommonsHttpMessageSender">
- <property name="readTimeout" value="0" />
- </bean>
- </property>
- <property name="defaultUri" value="http://localhost:8080/prjCXFWS/services/SimpleServicePort" />
- </bean>
2,Java调用代码:传输的是SOAP XML.
- private static final String MESSAGE =
- "<queryPeopleByID xmlns=\"http://test.cxfws.com\">1231ss</queryPeopleByID> ";
- public static void test() {
- ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("conf/wsAppcontext.xml");
- WebServiceTemplate simpleService = (WebServiceTemplate) ac.getBean("webServiceTemplate");
- StreamSource source = new StreamSource(new StringReader(MESSAGE));
- StreamResult result = new StreamResult(System.out);
- simpleService.sendSourceAndReceiveToResult(source, result);
- }
*MESSAGE为需要发送到webservice服务器端的XML payload内容,SOAP body之内的XML内容.
Spring调用Webservice的另一种方法是通过Spring提供的JaxWsPortProxyFactoryBean,示意图如下(图片来源于Spring in Action):
Spring的配置如下:
- <bean id="simpleService"
- class="org.springframework.remoting.jaxws.JaxWsPortProxyFactoryBean">
- <property name="serviceInterface"
- value="com.cxfclient.test.SimpleService" />
- <property name="wsdlDocumentUrl"
- value="http://localhost:8080/prjCXFWS/services/SimpleServicePort?WSDL" />
- <property name="namespaceUri" value="http://test.cxfws.com/" />
- <property name="serviceName" value="SimpleServiceService" />
- <property name="portName" value="SimpleServicePort" />
- </bean>
**这种方式需要用工具通过Webservice 的wsdl文件生成客户端需要的一些Java类,如service的interface,参数类等等(如下面代码中的SimpleService,People类).
Java调用代码如下
- ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("conf/wsAppcontext.xml");
- SimpleService simpleService = (SimpleService) ac.getBean("simpleService");
- People people = simpleService.queryPeopleByID("test");
- System.out.println(people.getAge() + people.getName() + people.getPid());
关于更多客户端如何调用webservice,参照http://blog.csdn.net/kkdelta/article/details/3987591
对于服务器端,其本质也是接收符合SOAP规范的XML消息,解析XML,返回符合SOAP规范的XML,这里用一个servlet模拟webservice,代码如下:
- public class WSSimulator extends HttpServlet {
- public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse resp