下面例子取得硬盘的序列号，其他的用法也类似(msdn上的例子，把Win32_OperatingSystem改成了Win32_PhysicalMedia）:
#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <comdef.h>
#include <Wbemidl.h>
# pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
HRESULT hres;
// Step 1: --------------------------------------------------
// Initialize COM. ------------------------------------------
hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to initialize COM library. Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 2: --------------------------------------------------
// Set general COM security levels --------------------------
// Note: If you are using Windows 2000, you need to specify -
// the default authentication credentials for a user by using
// a SOLE_AUTHENTICATION_LIST structure in the pAuthList ----
// parameter of CoInitializeSecurity ------------------------
hres = CoInitializeSecurity(
NULL,
-1, // COM authentication
NULL, // Authentication services
NULL, // Reserved
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, // Default authentication
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // Default Impersonation
NULL, // Authentication info
EOAC_NONE, // Additional capabilities
NULL // Reserved
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to initialize security. Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 3: ---------------------------------------------------
// Obtain the initial locator to WMI -------------------------
IWbemLocator *pLoc = NULL;
hres = CoCreateInstance(
CLSID_WbemLocator,
0,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID *) &pLoc);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to create IWbemLocator object."
<< " Err code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 4: -----------------------------------------------------
// Connect to WMI through the IWbemLocator::ConnectServer method
IWbemServices *pSvc = NULL;
// Connect to the root/cimv2 namespace with
// the current user and obtain pointer pSvc
// to make IWbemServices calls.
hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(
_bstr_t(L"ROOT//CIMV2"), // Object path of WMI namespace
NULL, // User name. NULL = current user
NULL, // User password. NULL = current
0, // Locale. NULL indicates current
NULL, // Security flags.
0, // Authority (e.g. Kerberos)
0, // Context object
&pSvc // pointer to IWbemServices proxy
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Could not connect. Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
cout << "Connected to ROOT//CIMV2 WMI namespace" << endl;
// Step 5: --------------------------------------------------
// Set security levels on the proxy -------------------------
hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
pSvc, // Indicates the proxy to set
RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT, // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx
RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE, // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx
NULL, // Server principal name
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL, // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx
NULL, // client identity
EOAC_NONE // proxy capabilities
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Could not set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 6: --------------------------------------------------
// Use the IWbemServices pointer to make requests of WMI ----
// For example, get the name of the operating system
IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator = NULL;
hres = pSvc->ExecQuery(
bstr_t("WQL"),
bstr_t("SELECT * FROM Win32_PhysicalMedia"),
WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,
NULL,
&pEnumerator);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Query for physical media failed."
<< " Error code = 0x"
<< hex << hres << endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Step 7: -------------------------------------------------
// Get the data from the query in step 6 -------------------
IWbemClassObject *pclsObj;
ULONG uReturn = 0;
while (pEnumerator)
{
HRESULT hr = pEnumerator->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1,
&pclsObj, &uReturn);
if(0 == uReturn)
{
break;
}
VARIANT vtProp;
// Get the value of the Name property
hr = pclsObj->Get(L"SerialNumber", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
wcout << "Serial Number : " << vtProp.bstrVal << endl;
VariantClear(&vtProp);
}
// Cleanup
// ========
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
pEnumerator->Release();
pclsObj->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return 0; // Program successfully completed.
}
计算机返回错误 0x80041014
对应的解决办法如下：
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
错误编号 0x80041014 表示组件（如 WMI 提供程序）“由于内部原因初始化失败”。如果收到以上两个错误之一，则您可能需要重新注册与 WMI 关联的所有 .DLL 和 .EXE 文件。
注意：如果在使用单个类或命名空间时遇到问题，则仅重新注册与该类或命名空间关联的 .DLL 文件或许就可以解决该问题。这种方法有一个缺点：哪些 .DLL 文件与特定命名空间关联并不总是显而易见。
首先，必须重新注册位于 %windir%/System32/Wbem 文件夹中的所有 .DLL 文件。打开命令窗口，使用 cd 命令切换到 %windir%/System32/Wbem 目录。在命令提示符中从该位置键入以下命令，然后按 ENTER：
for %i in (*.dll) do RegSvr32 ¨Cs %i
.DLL 重新注册完毕后，接着需要重新注册 Wbem 文件夹中的所有 .EXE 文件，但 Mofcomp.exe 和 Wmic.exe 除外。例如，要重新注册可执行文件 Scrcons.exe，请在命令提示符中键入以下命令：
regsvr32 ¨Cs scrcons.exe
重新注册 .EXE 文件后，请再次尝试运行您的脚本。
--------------------------------------------------------
可以通过登陆：http://www.microsoft.com/taiwan/technet/scriptcenter/topics/help/wmi.mspx#E5DAC访问微软的解答方案
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
实际上在上述的解决办法中只需要将所有的dll注册就可以了。