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从mina中学习超时程序编写

2014年02月09日 ⁄ 综合 ⁄ 共 9344字 ⁄ 字号 评论关闭

从mina中学习超时程序编写

在很多情况下,程序需要使用计时器定,在指定的时间内检查连接过期。例如,要实现一个mqtt服务,为了保证QOS,在服务端发送消息后,需要等待客户端的ack,确保客户端接收到消息,当服务端等待一段时间后,仍未获得客户端ack,就会将消息重新传送。在Mina中,每个链接都可以设置read ideal 和write ideal 时间,当链接read ideal或者write ideal超时后,可以触发用户自定义的一个动作(比如关闭链接等),本文主要是探讨mina中如何实现这种超时策略,也给大家带来参考(IndexIdleChecker.java)。

1.    主要的数据结构

IndexIdleChecker中,有如下属性定义:

    private
final
Set<AbstractIoSession>[]
readIdleSessionIndex
= new Set[MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC];

 

    private
final
Set<AbstractIoSession>[] writeIdleSessionIndex =
new Set[MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC];

       分别用于记录readIdle和writeIdle,以下仅以readIdle为例,因为writeIdle与readIdle流程基本一样。

       注意到readIdleSessionIndex的类型是数组,并且数组中的每个元素是Set类型,Set中的每一个元素都是Session(AbstractIoSession的简写)类型,readIdle数组实际大小为3600,mina默认的session最大过期时间为一小时,因此,数组的每一个元素记录了这一秒内将要过期的session集合(注意,算法使用的是循环数组,因为默认最多一个小时就过期)。

IndexIdleChecker还有一个属性:

   private
long
lastCheckTimeMs = System.currentTimeMillis();

用于记录上次处理过期请求的时间。

每个session对象中都有一个property,用于记录这个session目前在readIdle数组中的位置(READ_IDLE_INDEX)。

2.    Read(或者write)请求ideal处理策略

Read事件到来的方法签名如下:

    public
void
sessionRead(AbstractIoSession session, long timeInMs) ;

先通过session的READ_IDLE_INDEX 属性,获取session在readIdeal中的位置(oldIndex),之后删除readIdeal中对应oldIndex的set中的当前session,然后计算当前session下次的过期时间,将过期时间%3600后,求出其对应的readIdeal数组下标(index),将session放入readIdeal的index位置的set中,并且设置session的READ_IDLE_INDEX
的属性值为index。

3.    Worker线程

在运行时Mina会启动一个Worker守护线程,代码如下:

       @Override

        public
void
run() {

            while (running) {

                try {

                    sleep(GRANULARITY_IN_MS);

                    processIdleSession(System.currentTimeMillis());

                } catch (InterruptedException e) {

                    break;

                }

            }

       }

Worker进程在每次处理完session过期后,都会sleep 1s,然后进行下一次的过期处理,在processIdleSession方法中,仅需每次处理

        int startIdx = ((int) (Math.max(lastCheckTimeMs, timeMs -
MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_MS + 1) / 1000L))

                % MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC;

        int endIdx = ((int) (timeMs / 1000L)) %
MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC;

startIdx和endIdx之间的readIdeal数组即可。针对每个idx,拿出set,将set中的所有session的READ_IDLE_INDEX 置为null,并调用session中的用户处理过程即可(比如关闭session)。(注意,如果用户设置过期时间为-1,表示永远不过期,此时不做任何处理)。需要注意的是,worker线程每次至少会处理一个index,有时会处理多个index,比如,当前这次处理index的时间超过了3s,之后worker又sleep
1s,那么下次worker被唤醒,将处理这4s内的4个index。

小结:

在大多数情况下,链接线程比较活跃的情况下,session的存储位置会在数组中不断的向后移动(因为是循环数组,所以没有边界),因此当worker要处理启动处理过期时,活跃的session的index一定会在过期处理的index之前,因此,仅有那些不活跃的到期的session才会被查询和处理掉,worker的处理代价并不高。

使用这种方式不需要计时器等支持,实现简单,是一种比较好的超时处理方式。

参考:

       <dependency>

           <groupId>org.apache.mina</groupId>

           <artifactId>mina-core</artifactId>

           <version>3.0.0-M2</version>

       </dependency>

源码:

public
class
IndexedIdleChecker implements IdleChecker {

    /**Maximum idle time in second : default to 1 hour */

    private
static
final
int
MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC = 60 * 60;

 

    /**Maximum idle time in milliseconds : default to 1 hour */

    private
static
final
long
MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_MS =
MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC * 1000L;

 

    /** Alogger for this class */

    private
static
final
Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(IndexedIdleChecker.class);

 

    // Aspeedup for logs

    private
static
final
boolean
IS_DEBUG =
LOG
.isDebugEnabled();

 

    private
static
final
AttributeKey<Integer>
READ_IDLE_INDEX = AttributeKey.createKey(Integer.class,

            "idle.read.index");

 

    private
static
final
AttributeKey<Integer>
WRITE_IDLE_INDEX = AttributeKey.createKey(Integer.class,

            "idle.write.index");

 

    private
long
lastCheckTimeMs = System.currentTimeMillis();

 

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

    private
final
Set<AbstractIoSession>[] readIdleSessionIndex =
new Set[MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC];

 

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

    private
final
Set<AbstractIoSession>[] writeIdleSessionIndex =
new Set[MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC];

 

    /** Theelapsed period between two checks : 1 second */

    private
static
final
int
GRANULARITY_IN_MS = 1000;

 

    private
final
Worker worker =
new
Worker();

 

    private
volatile
boolean

running
= true;

 

    /**

     * {@inheritDoc}

     */

    @Override

    public
void
start() {

        worker.start();

    }

 

    /**

     * {@inheritDoc}

     */

    @Override

    public
void
destroy() {

        running = false;

        try {

            // interrupt the sleep

            worker.interrupt();

            // wait for worker to stop

            worker.join();

        } catch (InterruptedException e) {

            // interrupted, we don't care much

        }

    }

 

    /**

     * {@inheritDoc}

     */

    @Override

    public
void
sessionRead(AbstractIoSession session, long timeInMs) {

        if (IS_DEBUG) {

            LOG.debug("session read event, compute idle index of session {}", session);

        }

 

        // remove from the old index position

        Integer oldIndex =session.getAttribute(READ_IDLE_INDEX);

 

        if (oldIndex !=
null &&
readIdleSessionIndex
[oldIndex] != null) {

            if (IS_DEBUG) {

                LOG.debug("remove for old index {}", oldIndex);

            }

 

            readIdleSessionIndex[oldIndex].remove(session);

        }

 

        long idleTimeInMs = session.getConfig().getIdleTimeInMillis(IdleStatus.READ_IDLE);

 

        // is idle enabled ?

        if (idleTimeInMs <= 0L) {

            if (IS_DEBUG) {

                LOG.debug("no read idle configuration");

            }

        } else {

            int nextIdleTimeInSeconds = (int) ((timeInMs +idleTimeInMs) / 1000L);

            int index = nextIdleTimeInSeconds %
MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC;

 

            if (IS_DEBUG) {

                LOG.debug("computed index : {}", index);

            }

 

            if (readIdleSessionIndex[index] ==
null) {

                readIdleSessionIndex[index] =Collections

                        .newSetFromMap(newConcurrentHashMap<AbstractIoSession, Boolean>());

            }

 

            if (IS_DEBUG) {

                LOG.debug("marking session {} idle for index {}", session, index);

            }

 

            readIdleSessionIndex[index].add(session);

            session.setAttribute(READ_IDLE_INDEX, index);

        }

    }

 

    /**

     * {@inheritDoc}

     */

    @Override

    public
void
sessionWritten(AbstractIoSession session, long timeInMs) {

        if (IS_DEBUG) {

            LOG.debug("session write event, compute idle index of session {}", session);

        }

 

        // remove from the old index position

        Integer oldIndex =session.getAttribute(WRITE_IDLE_INDEX);

 

        if (oldIndex !=
null &&
writeIdleSessionIndex
[oldIndex] != null) {

            if (IS_DEBUG) {

                LOG.debug("remove for old index {}", oldIndex);

            }

 

            writeIdleSessionIndex[oldIndex].remove(session);

        }

 

        long idleTimeInMs = session.getConfig().getIdleTimeInMillis(IdleStatus.WRITE_IDLE);

 

        // is idle enabled ?

        if (idleTimeInMs <= 0L) {

            if (IS_DEBUG) {

                LOG.debug("no write idle configuration");

            }

        } else {

            int nextIdleTimeInSeconds = (int) ((timeInMs +idleTimeInMs) / 1000L);

            int index = nextIdleTimeInSeconds %
MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC;

 

            if (writeIdleSessionIndex[index] ==
null) {

                writeIdleSessionIndex[index] =Collections

                        .newSetFromMap(newConcurrentHashMap<AbstractIoSession, Boolean>());

            }

 

            writeIdleSessionIndex[index].add(session);

            session.setAttribute(WRITE_IDLE_INDEX, index);

        }

    }

 

    /**

     * {@inheritDoc}

     */

    @Override

    public
int
processIdleSession(long timeMs) {

        int counter = 0;

        long delta = timeMs -
lastCheckTimeMs;

 

        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {

            LOG.debug("checking idle time, last = {}, now = {}, delta = {}",
new Object[] {
lastCheckTimeMs
, timeMs,

                    delta });

        }

 

        if (delta < 1000) {

            LOG.debug("not a second between the last checks, abort");

            return 0;

        }

 

        // if (lastCheckTimeMs == 0) {

        // LOG.debug("first check, we start now");

        // lastCheckTimeMs = System.currentTimeMillis() - 1000;

        // }

        int startIdx = ((int) (Math.max(lastCheckTimeMs, timeMs -
MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_MS + 1) / 1000L))

                % MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC;

        int endIdx = ((int) (timeMs / 1000L)) %
MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC;

 

        LOG.debug("scaning from index {} to index {}", startIdx, endIdx);

 

        int index = startIdx;

        do {

 

            LOG.trace("scanningindex {}", index);

            // look at the read idle index

            counter += processIndex(readIdleSessionIndex, index, IdleStatus.READ_IDLE);

            counter += processIndex(writeIdleSessionIndex, index, IdleStatus.WRITE_IDLE);

 

            index = (index + 1) % MAX_IDLE_TIME_IN_SEC;

        } while (index != endIdx);

 

        // save last check time for next call

        lastCheckTimeMs = timeMs;

        LOG.debug("detected {} idleing sessions", counter);

        return counter;

    }

 

    private
int
processIndex(Set<AbstractIoSession>[]indexByTime, int position, IdleStatus status) {

        Set<AbstractIoSession> sessions =indexByTime[position];

 

        if (sessions ==
null) {

            return 0;

        }

 

        int counter = 0;

 

        for (AbstractIoSession idleSession : sessions) {

            idleSession.setAttribute(status ==IdleStatus.READ_IDLE ?
READ_IDLE_INDEX :
WRITE_IDLE_INDEX
, null);

            // check if idle detection wasn't disabled since the index update

            if (idleSession.getConfig().getIdleTimeInMillis(status)> 0) {

               idleSession.processSessionIdle(status);

            }

            counter++;

        }

        // clear the processed index entry

        indexByTime[position] = null;

        return counter;

    }

 

    /**

     * Thread in charge of checking the idleingsessions and fire events

     */

    private
class
Worker extends Thread {

 

        public Worker() {

            super("IdleChecker");

            setDaemon(true);

        }

 

        @Override

        public
void
run() {

            while (running) {

                try {

                    sleep(GRANULARITY_IN_MS);

                    processIdleSession(System.currentTimeMillis());

                } catch (InterruptedException e) {

                    break;

                }

            }

        }

    }

}

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