------------------Oracle监听器配置－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
oracle本机访问——
[oracle@oracle253 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jul 10 16:18:27 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
oracle网络访问——通过监听器访问，监听端口1521（默认）
数据库是正常的，监听器必须启动且监听器正在监听要访问的实例，才能使用下面的语句
连接访问：
SQL> conn sys/orcl@ORCL as sysdba 虽然是本机访问，但是穿过了监听器
Connected.
监听管理器：
[oracle@oracle253 ~]$ lsnrctl
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 10-JUL-2013 16:21:25
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.
LSNRCTL>
LSNRCTL> help
The following operations are available
An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command:
start stop status
services version reload
save_config trace spawn
change_password quit exit
set* show*
status——查看监听器状态
start——启动监听器
stop——停止监听器
LSNRCTL> status
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 10-JUL-2013 14:55:40
Uptime 0 days 1 hr. 26 min. 51 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle253)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "ORCL" has 1 instance(s). －－已经监听到ORCL这个实例
Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ORCLXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ORCL_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
===启动数据库要先启动监听，再启动数据库。
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> shutdown immediate －－停止数据库
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@oracle253 admin]$ lsnrctl
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 10-JUL-2013 16:39:02
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.
LSNRCTL> stop －－停止监听
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL>
LSNRCTL> start －－启动监听
Starting /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle253)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 10-JUL-2013 16:39:38
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle253)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s). －－没有监听到实例
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
LSNRCTL> exit
[oracle@oracle253 admin]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jul 10 16:40:13 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup －－启动数据库
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1241513984 bytes
Fixed Size 1219136 bytes
Variable Size 318768576 bytes
Database Buffers 905969664 bytes
Redo Buffers 15556608 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@oracle253 admin]$ lsnrctl
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 10-JUL-2013 16:40:36
Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Welcome to LSNRCTL, type "help" for information.
LSNRCTL> status
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 10-JUL-2013 16:39:38
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 58 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle253)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "ORCL" has 1 instance(s). －－实例被监听到了
Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ORCLXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ORCL_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
-------------------------------------------
创建远端的连接：
$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora 网络服务名配置文件
ORCL253 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle253)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = ORCL)
)
)
＠后面的串是 ＝号 左边的描述
注意：ORCL253前面不能有空格，否则就不认了
---图形界面配置
[localhost@redhat]netca 或者 netmgr
此时连接
SQL> conn sys/orcl@ORCL253 as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> conn sys/oracle135@ORCL135 as sysdba
Connected. －－访问远端服务器
SQL> conn sys/dsadsadsads as sysdba ＝ conn /as sysdba
Connected. --本机访问不用用户名和密码，只要指明身份SYSDBA，即可访问
配置网络服务名，通过图形界面来作：
tnsnames.ora在某些环境下，可能存在乱码，而且肉眼看不见，此时用图形界面配置是靠普的。
[oracle@oracle253 admin]$ ll listener.ora
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 497 07-10 14:55 listener.ora －－监听器配置文件
监听器启动的时候要读这个文件。
监听配置文件在服务器必须要有，监听器启动要读取。
tnsnames文件只需要在客户端有就行了。服务器上是不需要tnsnames文件。
SQLPLUS软件是两层结构的C/S模式，所以客户端要装软件的，
[oracle@oracle253 ~]$ tnsping ORCL253 --能tnsping通，表明网络层是没有问题的。
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 11-JUL-2013 09:20:46
Copyright (c) 1997, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = oracle253)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = ORCL)))
OK (0 msec)
能tnsping通，表明网络层是没有问题的——监听器是否监听到实例——
查看$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames文件（修改）——重启监听器
－－－－－－－－图形界面配置监听器和网络服务名－－－－－－－－－－
方法1：
[root@oracle253 ~]# xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
[root@oracle253 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracle253 ~]$ export DISPLAY=":0.0"
[oracle@oracle253 ~]$ export LANG=en_US
[oracle@oracle253 ~]$ netmgr 图形界面
方法2：
[root@oracle253 ~]# xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
[root@oracle253 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@oracle253 ~]$ export DISPLAY=":0.0"
[oracle@oracle253 ~]$ export LANG=en_US
[oracle@oracle253 ~]$ netca 图形界面
－－－－－－－－－－－－－监听器状态的解释－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
LSNRCTL> status
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER －－监听器的名字
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production －－监听器的版本
Start Date 11-JUL-2013 09:15:21 －－监听器启动的时间
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 17 min. 27 sec －－监听器启动后持续了多长时间
Trace Level off －－监听器跟踪功能关闭
Security ON: Local OS Authentication －－安全性：本地操作系统授权
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
－－监听器配置文件
Listener Log File /u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log
－－监听器日志文件（在UNIX下，这个文件不能超过2GB，否则数据库会宕机）
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle253)(PORT=1521)))
－－显示从监听器配置文件中读到的监听器的主要内容
Services Summary...
Service "ORCL" has 1 instance(s). －－监听的实例
Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ORCLXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ORCL_XPT" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "ORCL", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－修改用户的密码和给用户解锁－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> alter user scott account unlock; －－帐户解锁
User altered.
SQL> alter user scott identified by scott; ——修改密码
User altered.
SQL> conn scott/scott@ORCL253
Connected.
SQL> conn scott/scott
Connected.
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－创建实例－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
1、安装软件的同时创建实例
2、单独创建和删除
[oracle@oracle253 ~]$ dbca
ORCL数据库 ｜ LAW数据库 ｜
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oracle软件($ORACLE_HOME)