socket的英文原义是“孔”或“插座”。通常称作"套接字",用于描述IP地址和端口,是一个通信链的句柄。在Internet上的主机一般运行了多个服务软件,同时提供几种服务。每种服务都打开一个Socket,并绑定到一个端口上,不同的端口对应于不同的服务。Socket正如其英文原意那样,象一个多孔插座。
创建Socket通讯的基本流程图
示例代码:
一、服务端
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace CXZChatService.Service { public static class SocketService { private static byte[] result = new byte[1024]; private static int myProt = 8085; //端口号 static Socket serverSocket; public static void startService() { IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); //第一个参数指定用IpV4方式寻址 //使用指定的地址族、套接字类型和协议初始化 Socket 类的新实例。 serverSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); serverSocket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(ip, myProt)); //绑定IP地址:端口 serverSocket.Listen(100);//设定最多100个排队连接请求 Console.WriteLine("启动监听{0}成功", serverSocket.LocalEndPoint.ToString()); Thread myThread = new Thread(ListenClientConnect); myThread.Start(); Console.ReadLine(); } /// <summary> /// 监听客户端的连接 /// </summary> public static void ListenClientConnect() { while (true) { Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.Accept();//等待客户端的连接 // clientSocket.Send(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("Server Say Hello"));//向客户端发送数据 Thread receiveThread = new Thread(receiveRegister);//启动一个线程来接受数据 receiveThread.Start(clientSocket); } } /// <summary> /// 接收消息 /// </summary> /// <param name="clientSocket"></param> public static void ReceiveMessage(object clientSocket) { Socket myClientSocket = (Socket)clientSocket; while(true) { try { int receiveNumber = myClientSocket.Receive(result); Console.WriteLine("接收客户端{0}消息{1}", myClientSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString(), Encoding.ASCII.GetString(result, 0, receiveNumber)); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); myClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both); myClientSocket.Close(); break; } } } /// <summary> /// 接收注册信息 /// </summary> /// <param name="clientSocket"></param> public static void receiveRegister(object clientSocket) { Socket myClientSocket = (Socket)clientSocket; while(true) { try { int receiveNumber = myClientSocket.Receive(result); string register = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(result, 0, receiveNumber); String[] r = AnalyseString.AnalyseStr(register); if (r[0].Equals("register")) { List<string> list = new List<string>(); list.Add(r[1]); list.Add(myClientSocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString()); User.userlist.Add(list); Console.WriteLine(r[1]); } }catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); myClientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both); myClientSocket.Close(); break; } } } } }
在主函数中调用startService()即可
二、客户端代码using System;
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Threading; namespace CXZClient { class Client { private static byte[] result = new byte[1024]; public static void startClient() { string message = null;//客户端名字 IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"); Socket clientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); try { clientSocket.Connect(new IPEndPoint(ip, 8085)); //连接服务器IP与端口 Console.WriteLine("连接服务器成功"); message = Console.ReadLine(); } catch { Console.WriteLine("连接服务器失败,请按回车键退出!"); return; } //通过clientSocket接收数据 try { clientSocket.Send(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("register#" + message)); } catch { clientSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both); // clientSocket.Close(); } //-------------------------- Console.WriteLine("按回车键退出"); Console.ReadLine(); } } }
在客户端发送完消息后回车,这是客户端代码执行完毕,服务会关闭这个客户端的连接。