需要包含的头文件：
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <process.h>
1.指针变量加减运算
void main()
{
int a[8] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};
int *p;
// p = &a[0];
p = a;
cout<<"p="<<(int)p<<'\t'<<"*p="<<*p<<endl;
p = p+6;
cout<<"p="<<(int)p<<'\t'<<"*p="<<*p<<endl;
p = p-2;
cout<<"p="<<(int)p<<'\t'<<"*p="<<*p<<endl;
}
2.指针变量++--运算
void main()
{
int a[8] = {10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80};
int *p;
p=a;
p++;
cout<<"*p="<<*p<<endl;
p=a;
cout<<"*p++="<<*p++<<endl;
p=a;
cout<<"*(p++)="<<*(p++)<<endl;
p=a;
cout<<"*++p="<<*++p<<endl;
p=a;
cout<<"(*p)++="<<(*p)++<<endl;
p=a;
cout<<"++*p="<<++*p<<endl;
}
3.结构体类型指针变量
struct person
{
char name[10];
unsigned age;
unsigned long id;
float salary;
};
void main()
{
person per1;
person *per2=&per1;
strcpy(per2->name,"Marry");
per2->age = 24;
per2->id = 201121;
per2->salary = 2500.0;
cout<<per2->name<<'\t'<<per2->age<<'\t'<<per2->id<<'\t'<<per2->salary<<endl;
}
4.一维数组与指针
void main()
{
int a[8]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};
for(int i=0; i<8; i++)
{
cout<<a[i]<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
for(i=0; i<8; i++)
{
cout<<*(a+i)<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
int *p;
p=a;
for(i=0; i<8; i++)
{
cout<<*p++<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
p=a;
for(i=0; i<8; i++)
{
cout<<*(p+i)<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
p=a;
for(i=0; i<8; i++)
{
cout<<p[i]<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
}
5.二维数组与指针
void main()
{
int a[4][3]={ {1,2,3}, {4,5,6}, {7,8,9}, {10,11,12} };
int i=0, j=0;
int *p;
p = &a[0][0];
cout<<"用指针变量输出数组a的所有元素方法一："<<endl;
for(i=0; i<12; i++)
{
cout<<*p++<<'\t';
if( !( (i+1)%3 ) )
{
cout<<endl;
}
}
p=a[0];
cout<<"用指针变量输出数组a的所有元素方法二："<<endl;
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<3; j++)
{
cout<<*(p+i*3+j)<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
}
cout<<"用另外的方法输出数组a的所有元素方法一："<<endl;
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<3; j++)
{
cout<<*(a[i]+j)<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
}
cout<<"用另外的方法输出数组a的所有元素方法二："<<endl;
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<3; j++)
{
cout<<*(*(a+i)+j)<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
}
cout<<"输出数组a的各行第0个元素的地址方法一："<<endl;
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
cout<<&a[i][0]<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"输出数组a的各行第0个元素的地址方法二："<<endl;
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
cout<<a[i]<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"输出数组a的各行第0个元素的地址方法三："<<endl;
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
cout<<*(a+i)<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"输出数组a的各行的行地址方法一："<<endl;
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
cout<<a+i<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
cout<<"输出数组a的各行的行地址方法二："<<endl;
for(i=0; i<4; i++)
{
cout<<&a[i]<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
}
6.字符指针与一般指针
void main()
{
int i=2,*p;
p=&i;
*p=2;
cout<<p<<endl;
cout<<*p<<endl;
char *pCh="China";
cout<<pCh<<endl;
cout<<*pCh<<endl;
char *pCh1;
pCh1 = "NanJing";
pCh1++;
cout<<pCh1<<endl;
cout<<*pCh1<<endl;
}
7.字符指针与字符数组
void main()
{
char ch[] = "Hello,World!";
char *pCh="NanJing,China!";
char ch1[20], ch2[20],ch3[20];
char *pCh1=ch1, *pCh2=ch2, *pCh3=ch3;
//利用循环语句逐字符实现数组的拷贝
for(int i=0; i<strlen(ch)+1; i++)
{
ch2[i] = ch[i];
}
cout<<ch2<<endl;
//利用函数实现数组的拷贝
strcpy(ch2,ch);
cout<<ch2<<endl;
//利用赋值语句将一个字符数组名赋给一个指针变量
pCh1 = ch;
cout<<pCh1<<endl;
//利用赋值语句将一个指针变量赋给另一个指针变量
pCh1 = pCh;
cout<<pCh1<<endl;
//利用函数实现字符串的拷贝
strcpy(pCh3,pCh);
cout<<pCh3<<endl;
//利用函数实现字符串的链接
strcat(pCh3,pCh2);
cout<<pCh3<<endl;
}
8.指针作为函数参数实现数据交换
void swap(int *p1, int *p2)
{
int temp;
temp = *p1;
*p1 = *p2;
*p2 = temp;
}
void main()
{
int a=2, b=4;
int c=20, d=40;
int *x=&c, *y=&d;
cout<<"交换前："<<endl;
cout<<"a="<<a<<'\t'<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"*x="<<*x<<'\t'<<"*y="<<*y<<endl;
swap(&a,&b);
swap(x,y);
cout<<"交换后："<<endl;
cout<<"a="<<a<<'\t'<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"*x="<<*x<<'\t'<<"*y="<<*y<<endl;
}
9.指针作为函数参数实现数据交换
void swap(int &x,int &y)
{
int temp;
temp = x;
x = y;
y = temp;
}
void main()
{
int a=2, b=4;
cout<<"a="<<a<<'\t'<<"b="<<b<<endl;
swap(a,b);
cout<<"a="<<a<<'\t'<<"b="<<b<<endl;
}
10.字符串排序
void sort1(char *pCh[], int n)
{
char *pCh1;
int k;
for(int i=0; i<n-1; i++)
{
k=i;
for(int j=i+1; j<n; j++)
{
if( strcmp(pCh[k],pCh[j]) > 0 ) k=j;
}
if(i != k)
{
pCh1 = pCh[i];
pCh[i] = pCh[k];
pCh[k] = pCh1;
}
}
}
void sort2(char **pCh, int n)
{
char *pCh1;
for(int i=0; i<n-1; i++)
{
for(int j=0; j<n; j++)
{
if( strcmp(pCh[i],pCh[j]) >0 )
{
pCh1 = pCh[i];
pCh[i] = pCh[j];
pCh[j] = pCh1;
}
}
}
}
void main()
{
char *pCh[] = {"NanJing","BeiJing","WuHan","ShengYang"};
sort1(pCh,4);
for(int i=0; i<4; i++)
{
cout<<pCh[i]<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
char *pCh1[] = {"JiangSu","SiChuan","ShanDong","LiaoNing","HeBei"};
sort2(pCh1,5);
for(i=0; i<5; i++)
{
cout<<pCh1[i]<<'\t';
}
cout<<endl;
}
11.加减乘除四则运算
float add(float x, float y)
{
return x+y;
}
float sub(float x, float y)
{
return x-y;
}
float mul(float x, float y)
{
return x*y;
}
float dev(float x, float y)
{
if(y != 0) return x/y;
else
{
cout<<"除数不能为0!"<<endl;
exit(1);
}
}
void main()
{
float a,b;
char c;
float (*pf)(float,float);
cout<<"输入计算式，格式为：操作数1，运算符，操作数2"<<endl;
cin>>a>>c>>b;
switch(c)
{
case '+':
pf = add;
break;
case '-':
pf = sub;
break;
case '*':
pf = mul;
break;
case '/':
pf = dev;
break;
default:
cout<<"输入数据格式不对！"<<endl;
exit(1);
break;
}
cout<<a<<c<<b<<"="<<pf(a,b)<<endl;
}
12.引用类型的变量
void fun()
{
int i=10;
static int &j=i;
j++;
cout<<j<<endl;
}
void main()
{
float k, &ref=k;
k=100.0;
cout<<"&k:"<<&k<<"\t&ref:"<<&ref<<endl;
cout<<"k="<<k<<"\tref="<<ref<<endl;
ref += 200;
cout<<"k="<<k<<"\tref="<<ref<<endl;
float l=500.0;
ref=l;
cout<<"&k:"<<&k<<"\t&ref:"<<&ref<<"\t&l:"<<&l<<endl;
cout<<"k="<<k<<"\tref="<<ref<<"\tl="<<l<<endl;
fun();
}
13.通过指针变量访问整型变量
void main()
{
int a;
int b;
int *p1;
int *p2;
a=100;
b=80;
p1=&a;
p2=&b;
cout<<"p1="<<*p1<<endl;
cout<<"p2="<<*p2<<endl;
p2=p1;
cout<<"p2="<<*p2<<endl;
}
14.输入两个整数，按先大后小顺序输出（改变指针所指向的变量）
void main()
{
int *p, *p1, *p2, a, b;
cout<<"please input two numbers:"<<endl;
cin>>a;
cin>>b;
p1=&a;
p2=&b;
if(a<b)
{
p=p1;p1=p2;p2=p;
}
cout<<"a="<<a<<endl;
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"max="<<*p1<<endl;
cout<<"min="<<*p2<<endl;
}
15.指针变量作为函数参数（改变a和b的值）
int swap(int *p1, int *p2)
{
int temp;
temp = *p1;
*p1 = *p2;
*p2 = temp;
return 0;
}
void main()
{
int a, b;
int *p1, *p2;
cout<<"please input two numbers:"<<endl;
cin>>a;
cin>>b;
p1=&a;
p2=&b;
if(a<b)
{
swap(p1, p2);
}
cout<<"max="<<a<<endl;
cout<<"min="<<b<<endl;
}
