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解决各大浏览器下载文件名显示不正确的情况

2017年04月15日 ⁄ 综合 ⁄ 共 6399字 ⁄ 字号 评论关闭

下载时,最关键的三步:

response.reset();//清空缓存区,防止存在某些字符使得下载的文件格式错误
response.setContentType("application/pdf;charset=UTF-8");//指定文件类型,其他类型可参见w3school的文档,也可参见下文的附录标准
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=temp.pdf");// attachment后面一定是逗号,这个地方我就犯过错误,写成了:,结果死活不对

解决下载时,中文文件名显示不正确的方法:

理论依据:

浏览器能正确识别的编码格式,只要按照这样的编码来设置对应的Content-Disposition,那么应该就不会出现中文文件名的乱码问题了。 
首先,Content-Disposition值可以有以下几种编码格式 
1. 直接urlencode: 
    Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="struts2.0%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E6%95%99%E7%A8%8B.chm" 
2. Base64编码: 
    Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="=?UTF8?B?c3RydXRzMi4w5Lit5paH5pWZ56iLLmNobQ==?=" 
3. RFC2231规定的标准: 
    Content-Disposition: attachment; filename*=UTF-8''%E5%9B%9E%E6%89%A7.msg 
4. 直接ISO编码的文件名: 
    Content-Disposition: attachment;filename="测试.txt" 
然后,各浏览器支持的对应编码格式为: 
1.  IE浏览器,采用URLEncoder编码 
2.  Opera浏览器,采用filename*方式 
3.  Safari浏览器,采用ISO编码的中文输出 
4.  Chrome浏览器,采用Base64编码或ISO编码的中文输出 
5.  FireFox浏览器,采用Base64或filename*或ISO编码的中文输出 

源代码:

private String getDownLoadFileName(String filename) {
		String new_filename = null;
		try {
			new_filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "UTF8");
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
			e1.printStackTrace();
		}
		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		String userAgent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");
		// System.out.println(userAgent);
		String rtn = "filename=\"" + new_filename + "\"";
		// 如果没有UA,则默认使用IE的方式进行编码,因为毕竟IE还是占多数的
		if (userAgent != null) {
			userAgent = userAgent.toLowerCase();
			// IE浏览器,只能采用URLEncoder编码
			if (userAgent.indexOf("msie") != -1) {
				rtn = "filename=\"" + new_filename + "\"";
			}
			// Opera浏览器只能采用filename*
			else if (userAgent.indexOf("opera") != -1) {
				rtn = "filename*=UTF-8''" + new_filename;
			}
			// Safari浏览器,只能采用ISO编码的中文输出
			else if (userAgent.indexOf("safari") != -1) {
				try {
					rtn = "filename=\""
							+ new String(filename.getBytes("UTF-8"),
									"ISO8859-1") + "\"";
				} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			// Chrome浏览器,只能采用MimeUtility编码或ISO编码的中文输出
			else if (userAgent.indexOf("applewebkit") != -1) {
				try {
					new_filename = MimeUtility
							.encodeText(filename, "UTF8", "B");
				} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
				rtn = "filename=\"" + new_filename + "\"";
			}
			// FireFox浏览器,可以使用MimeUtility或filename*或ISO编码的中文输出
			else if (userAgent.indexOf("mozilla") != -1) {
				rtn = "filename*=UTF-8''" + new_filename;
			}
		}
		return rtn;
	}

基本能解决大部分浏览器中文显示不正常的情况,但是,浏览器还有版本的,所以最好的方式就是能不用中文的时候,尽量别用中文

附录:

按照文件扩展名排列的 Mime 类型列表

扩展名 类型/子类型
  application/octet-stream
323 text/h323
acx application/internet-property-stream
ai application/postscript
aif audio/x-aiff
aifc audio/x-aiff
aiff audio/x-aiff
asf video/x-ms-asf
asr video/x-ms-asf
asx video/x-ms-asf
au audio/basic
avi video/x-msvideo
axs application/olescript
bas text/plain
bcpio application/x-bcpio
bin application/octet-stream
bmp image/bmp
c text/plain
cat application/vnd.ms-pkiseccat
cdf application/x-cdf
cer application/x-x509-ca-cert
class application/octet-stream
clp application/x-msclip
cmx image/x-cmx
cod image/cis-cod
cpio application/x-cpio
crd application/x-mscardfile
crl application/pkix-crl
crt application/x-x509-ca-cert
csh application/x-csh
css text/css
dcr application/x-director
der application/x-x509-ca-cert
dir application/x-director
dll application/x-msdownload
dms application/octet-stream
doc application/msword
dot application/msword
dvi application/x-dvi
dxr application/x-director
eps application/postscript
etx text/x-setext
evy application/envoy
exe application/octet-stream
fif application/fractals
flr x-world/x-vrml
gif image/gif
gtar application/x-gtar
gz application/x-gzip
h text/plain
hdf application/x-hdf
hlp application/winhlp
hqx application/mac-binhex40
hta application/hta
htc text/x-component
htm text/html
html text/html
htt text/webviewhtml
ico image/x-icon
ief image/ief
iii application/x-iphone
ins application/x-internet-signup
isp application/x-internet-signup
jfif image/pipeg
jpe image/jpeg
jpeg image/jpeg
jpg image/jpeg
js application/x-javascript
latex application/x-latex
lha application/octet-stream
lsf video/x-la-asf
lsx video/x-la-asf
lzh application/octet-stream
m13 application/x-msmediaview
m14 application/x-msmediaview
m3u audio/x-mpegurl
man application/x-troff-man
mdb application/x-msaccess
me application/x-troff-me
mht message/rfc822
mhtml message/rfc822
mid audio/mid
mny application/x-msmoney
mov video/quicktime
movie video/x-sgi-movie
mp2 video/mpeg
mp3 audio/mpeg
mpa video/mpeg
mpe video/mpeg
mpeg video/mpeg
mpg video/mpeg
mpp application/vnd.ms-project
mpv2 video/mpeg
ms application/x-troff-ms
mvb application/x-msmediaview
nws message/rfc822
oda application/oda
p10 application/pkcs10
p12 application/x-pkcs12
p7b application/x-pkcs7-certificates
p7c application/x-pkcs7-mime
p7m application/x-pkcs7-mime
p7r application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp
p7s application/x-pkcs7-signature
pbm image/x-portable-bitmap
pdf application/pdf
pfx application/x-pkcs12
pgm image/x-portable-graymap
pko application/ynd.ms-pkipko
pma application/x-perfmon
pmc application/x-perfmon
pml application/x-perfmon
pmr application/x-perfmon
pmw application/x-perfmon
pnm image/x-portable-anymap
pot, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
ppm image/x-portable-pixmap
pps application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
ppt application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
prf application/pics-rules
ps application/postscript
pub application/x-mspublisher
qt video/quicktime
ra audio/x-pn-realaudio
ram audio/x-pn-realaudio
ras image/x-cmu-raster
rgb image/x-rgb
rmi audio/mid
roff application/x-troff
rtf application/rtf
rtx text/richtext
scd application/x-msschedule
sct text/scriptlet
setpay application/set-payment-initiation
setreg application/set-registration-initiation
sh application/x-sh
shar application/x-shar
sit application/x-stuffit
snd audio/basic
spc application/x-pkcs7-certificates
spl application/futuresplash
src application/x-wais-source
sst application/vnd.ms-pkicertstore
stl application/vnd.ms-pkistl
stm text/html
svg image/svg+xml
sv4cpio application/x-sv4cpio
sv4crc application/x-sv4crc
swf application/x-shockwave-flash
t application/x-troff
tar application/x-tar
tcl application/x-tcl
tex application/x-tex
texi application/x-texinfo
texinfo application/x-texinfo
tgz application/x-compressed
tif image/tiff
tiff image/tiff
tr application/x-troff
trm application/x-msterminal
tsv text/tab-separated-values
txt text/plain
uls text/iuls
ustar application/x-ustar
vcf text/x-vcard
vrml x-world/x-vrml
wav audio/x-wav
wcm application/vnd.ms-works
wdb application/vnd.ms-works
wks application/vnd.ms-works
wmf application/x-msmetafile
wps application/vnd.ms-works
wri application/x-mswrite
wrl x-world/x-vrml
wrz x-world/x-vrml
xaf x-world/x-vrml
xbm image/x-xbitmap
xla application/vnd.ms-excel
xlc application/vnd.ms-excel
xlm application/vnd.ms-excel
xls application/vnd.ms-excel
xlt application/vnd.ms-excel
xlw application/vnd.ms-excel
xof x-world/x-vrml
xpm image/x-xpixmap
xwd image/x-xwindowdump
z application/x-compress
zip application/zip

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