可以说目前市场上的android应用和游戏，客户端和服务端交互的主要方式是通过http请求实现的，因为方便，执行速度也快。本文主要介绍通过org.apache.http.client.HttpClient和java.net.HttpURLConnection实现http请求。包括Get和Post两种方式的调用方式。HttpClient需要和HttpGet、HttpPost、HttpEntity这几个类相互配合实现和服务端交互。HttpURLConnection则主要和InputStreamReader、 BufferedReader、DataOutputStream这几个类相互配合实现和服务端的交互。下面看完整的代码实现过程。
package com.figo.helloworld;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
/**
*
@author zhuzhifei 客户端和服务端通过http进行交互，返回json格式字符串
*
*/
public class HttpActivity extends Activity {
private
Button btnHttpClientGet;
private
Button btnHttpClientPost;
private
Button btnHttpUrlConGet;
private
Button btnHttpUrlConPost;
private
TextView tvContent;
private
String tag = "HttpActivity";
@Override
protected
void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
//
TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.httptest);
btnHttpClientGet
= (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnHttpClientGet);
btnHttpClientPost
= (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnHttpClientPost);
btnHttpUrlConGet
= (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnHttpUrlConGet);
btnHttpUrlConPost
= (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnHttpUrlConPost);
tvContent
= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvContent);
//
HttpClient Get请求范例
btnHttpClientGet.setOnClickListener(new
OnClickListener() {
@Override
public
void onClick(View arg0) {
tvContent.setText("");
String
httpUrl = "http://10.241.72.168:8083/figo/json/login.htm?userName=zhuzhifei&passWord=snda1234";
//
HttpGet连接对象
HttpGet
httpRequest = new HttpGet(httpUrl);
// 取得支持普通http请求的HttpClient对象
HttpClient
httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
// 如果需要支持Https
ssl加密的请求方式则使用以下这种HttpClient
// 请求HttpClient，取得HttpResponse
HttpResponse
httpResponse;
try
{
httpResponse
= httpclient.execute(httpRequest);
// 请求成功
if
(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
// 取得返回的字符串
String
result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse
.getEntity());
tvContent.setText(result);
}
else {
tvContent.setText("HttpGet请求出错");
}
}
catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
tvContent.setText("HttpGet请求出错:"
+ e.getStackTrace());
}
catch (IOException e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
tvContent.setText("HttpGet请求出错:"
+ e.getStackTrace());
}
}
});
//
HttpClient Post请求范例
btnHttpClientPost.setOnClickListener(new
OnClickListener() {
@Override
public
void onClick(View arg0) {
try
{
tvContent.setText("");
//
http地址
String
httpUrl = "http://10.241.72.168:8083/figo/json/login.htm";
//
HttpPost连接对象
HttpPost
httpRequest = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
// 使用NameValuePair来保存要传递的Post参数
List<NameValuePair>
params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
// 添加要传递的参数
params.add(new
BasicNameValuePair("userName", "zhuzhifei"));
params.add(new
BasicNameValuePair("passWord", "snda1234"));
// 设置字符集
HttpEntity
httpentity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,
"gb2312");
// 请求httpRequest
httpRequest.setEntity(httpentity);
// 取得默认的HttpClient
HttpClient
httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
// 取得HttpResponse
HttpResponse
httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httpRequest);
//
HttpStatus.SC_OK表示连接成功
if
(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
// 取得返回的字符串
String
result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse
.getEntity());
tvContent.setText(result);
}
else {
tvContent.setText("请求错误!");
}
}
catch (Exception e) {
//
TODO: handle exception
}
}
});
//
HttpURLConnection Get请求范例
btnHttpUrlConGet.setOnClickListener(new
OnClickListener() {
@Override
public
void onClick(View arg0) {
//
TODO Auto-generated method stub
// 使用HttpURLConnection打开连接
try
{
tvContent.setText("");
URL
url = new URL(
"http://10.241.72.168:8083/figo/json/login.htm?userName=zhuzhifei&passWord=snda1234");
HttpURLConnection
urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url
.openConnection();
// 得到读取的内容(流)
InputStreamReader
in = new InputStreamReader(urlConn
.getInputStream());
// 为输出创建BufferedReader
BufferedReader
buffer = new BufferedReader(in);
String
inputLine = null;
String
result = "";
// 使用循环来读取获得的数据
while
(((inputLine = buffer.readLine()) != null)) {
// 我们在每一行后面加上一个"\n"来换行
result
+= inputLine + "\n";
}
tvContent.setText(result);
// 关闭InputStreamReader
in.close();
// 关闭http连接
urlConn.disconnect();
}
catch (Exception e) {
//
TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
//
HttpURLConnection Post请求范例
btnHttpUrlConPost.setOnClickListener(new
OnClickListener() {
@Override
public
void onClick(View arg0) {
tvContent.setText("");
try
{
//
TODO Auto-generated method stub
String
httpUrl = "http://10.241.72.168:8083/figo/json/login.htm";
// 获得的数据
String
result = "";
URL
url = new URL(httpUrl);
// 使用HttpURLConnection打开连接
HttpURLConnection
urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url
.openConnection();
// 因为这个是post请求,设立需要设置为true
urlConn.setDoOutput(true);
urlConn.setDoInput(true);
// 设置以POST方式
urlConn.setRequestMethod("POST");
//
Post 请求不能使用缓存
urlConn.setUseCaches(false);
urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
// 配置本次连接的Content-type，配置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded的
urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
// 连接，从postUrl.openConnection()至此的配置必须要在connect之前完成，
// 要注意的是connection.getOutputStream会隐含的进行connect。
urlConn.connect();
//
DataOutputStream流
DataOutputStream
out = new DataOutputStream(urlConn
.getOutputStream());
// 要上传的参数
String
content = "userName=zhuzhifei&passWord=snda1234";
// 将要上传的内容写入流中
out.writeBytes(content);
// 刷新、关闭
out.flush();
out.close();
// 得到读取的内容(流)
InputStreamReader
in = new InputStreamReader(urlConn
.getInputStream());
// 为输出创建BufferedReader
BufferedReader
buffer = new BufferedReader(in);
String
inputLine = null;
// 使用循环来读取获得的数据
while
(((inputLine = buffer.readLine()) != null)) {
// 我们在每一行后面加上一个"\n"来换行
result
+= inputLine + "\n";
}
tvContent.setText(result);
}
catch (Exception e) {
}
}
});
}
}