3、struts整合hibernate

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3、struts整合hibernate

2018年02月05日 ⁄ 综合 ⁄ 共 12386字 ⁄ 字号小中大 ⁄ 评论关闭

hibernate最重要的就是.hbm.xml对应文件，实体之间的一对一、一对多和多对多关系都体现在这个配置文件中。

struts整合hibernate，先要整合struts，就是添加struts的JAR包，然后配置web.xml配置文件，配置struts过滤器，然后在添加hibernate的JAR包，添加hibernate主配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml，然后根据类与表的对应关系配置相应的hbm.xml文件。

hibernate提供了一种HQL查询语言——Hibernate Query Language，HQL面向的是对象而不是数据库中的表，这是与SQL（Structured Query Language）之间的差别

使用struts、hibernate开发一个注册信息的小程序：一个注册页面，提交后显示所有用户信息，单击其中一个用户名，显示单用户详细信息，每行后面有update和delete链接，单击update，显示单用户信息页，同时可以修改密码，年龄，单击delete，删除此条记录，如下：

username	password	age	registerDate	update	delete
zdy	qwwqwq	30	13-8-27	update	delete
rte	qwer	12	13-8-28	update	delete
tty	qw	21	13-8-28	update	delete
ertty	w33	32	13-8-28	update	delete
ertty	222222	3211	13-8-28	update	delete

是对上一个程序的完善：

程序的开发包结构：

注册页面调用action，action调用service，service调用DAO

1、页面部分

注册页面register.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'register.jsp' starting page</title>
    
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->

  </head>
  
  <body>
    <form action="savePerson.action">
    username:<input type="text" name="username" size="20"/><br/>
    password:<input type="password" name="password" size="20"/><br/>
    age:<input type="text" name="age" size="20"/><br/>
    
    <input type="submit" value="submit"/>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

提交后显示listAll.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'listAll.jsp' starting page</title>
    
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->

  </head>
  
  <body>
    <table width="80%" align="center" border="1">
    <tr>
    <th>username</th>
    <th>password</th>
    <th>age</th>
    <th>registerDate</th>
    <th>update</th>
    <th>delete</th>
    </tr>
    <s:iterator value="#request.list" id="person">
    <tr>
    <td>
    	<s:a href="getsinglePerson.action?id=%{#person.id}"><s:property value="username" /></s:a>
    </td>
    <td>
    	<s:property value="password" />
    </td>
    <td>
    	<s:property value="age" />
    </td>
    <td>
    	<s:property value="registerDate" />
    </td>
    
    <td>
    	<s:a href="updatePPerson.action?id=%{#person.id}">update</s:a>
    </td>
    <td>
    	<s:a href="deletePerson.action?id=%{#person.id}">delete</s:a>
    </td>
    </tr>
    
    </s:iterator>
    
    
    </table>
  </body>
</html>

点击用户名显示单户详细信息页面getsinglePerson.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'getsinglePerson.jsp' starting page</title>
    
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->

  </head>
  
  <body>
    username:<s:property value="#request.person.username"/><br/>
    password:<s:property value="#request.person.password"/><br/>
    age:<s:property value="#request.person.age"/><br/>
    registerDate:<s:property value="#request.person.registerDate"/><br/>
  </body>
</html>

点击update进入单户信息修改页面updatePerson.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'updatePerson.jsp' starting page</title>
    
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->

  </head>
  
  <body>
     <form action="updatePerson.action">
     
     username:<s:textfield name="username" value="%{#request.person.username}" readonly="true"></s:textfield><br/>
     password:<s:password name="password" value="%{#request.person.password}"></s:password><br/>
     age:<s:textfield name="age" value="%{#request.person.age}"></s:textfield><br/>
     registerDate:<s:textfield name="registerDate" value="%{#request.person.registerDate}" readonly="true"></s:textfield><br/>
     <s:hidden name="id" value="%{#request.person.id}"></s:hidden>
     <input type="submit" value="submit"/>
     </form>
  </body>
</html>

2、struts的action部分，这里只是用了一个action：PersonAction.java

import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.hibernate.Session;

import com.cdtax.model.Person;
import com.cdtax.service.PersonService;
import com.cdtax.service.impl.PersonServiceImpl;
import com.cdtax.util.HibernateUtil;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class PersonAction extends ActionSupport
{
	private int id;
	
	private String username;
	
	private String password;
	
	private int age;
	
	

	public int getId()
	{
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id)
	{
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getUsername()
	{
		return username;
	}

	public void setUsername(String username)
	{
		this.username = username;
	}

	public String getPassword()
	{
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password)
	{
		this.password = password;
	}

	public int getAge()
	{
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(int age)
	{
		this.age = age;
	}
	
	public String savePerson() throws Exception
	{
		Person person = new Person();
		
		person.setUsername(username);
		person.setPassword(password);
		person.setAge(age);
		
		java.sql.Date registerDate = new java.sql.Date(new java.util.Date().getTime());
		
		person.setRegisterDate(registerDate);
		
		PersonService personService = new PersonServiceImpl();
		
		personService.savePerson(person);
		
		List<Person> list = personService.listAllPersons();
		
		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		
		request.setAttribute("list", list);
		
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	
	public String deletePerson() throws Exception
	{
		
		PersonService personService = new PersonServiceImpl();
		
		personService.removePerson(id);
		
		List<Person> list = personService.listAllPersons();
		
		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		
		request.setAttribute("list", list);
		
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	
	public String getsinglePerson() throws Exception
	{
		PersonService personService = new PersonServiceImpl();
		
		Person person = personService.getsinglePerson(id);
		
		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		
		request.setAttribute("person", person);
		
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	
	public String updatePerson() throws Exception
	{
		PersonService personService = new PersonServiceImpl();
		
		Person person = personService.getsinglePerson(id);
		
		person.setPassword(password);
		
		person.setAge(age);
		
		personService.updatePerson(person);
		
		List<Person> list = personService.listAllPersons();
		
		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		
		request.setAttribute("list", list);
		
		return SUCCESS;
	}
}

3、struts的配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
	
	<package name="hibernate" extends="struts-default">
		
		<action name="savePerson" class="com.cdtax.action.PersonAction" method="savePerson">
			<result name="success">/listAll.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<action name="deletePerson" class="com.cdtax.action.PersonAction" method="deletePerson">
			<result name="success">/listAll.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<action name="getsinglePerson" class="com.cdtax.action.PersonAction" method="getsinglePerson">
			<result name="success">/getsinglePerson.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<action name="updatePPerson" class="com.cdtax.action.PersonAction" method="getsinglePerson">
			<result name="success">/updatePerson.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<action name="updatePerson" class="com.cdtax.action.PersonAction" method="updatePerson">
			<result name="success">/listAll.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>
	
	
</struts>

4、service部分，包括接口和实现

import java.util.List;

import com.cdtax.model.Person;

public interface PersonService
{
	public void savePerson(Person person);
	
	public List<Person> listAllPersons();
	
	public void removePerson(Integer id);
	
	public Person getsinglePerson(Integer id);
	
	public void updatePerson(Person person);
}

import java.util.List;

import com.cdtax.dao.PersonDAO;
import com.cdtax.dao.impl.PersonDAOImpl;
import com.cdtax.model.Person;
import com.cdtax.service.PersonService;

public class PersonServiceImpl implements PersonService
{

	public void savePerson(Person person)
	{
		PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAOImpl();
		personDAO.savePerson(person);
	}
	
	public List<Person> listAllPersons()
	{
		PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAOImpl();
		
		return personDAO.listAllPersons();
	}
	
	public void removePerson(Integer id)
	{
		PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAOImpl();
		
		personDAO.removePerson(id);
	}
	
	public Person getsinglePerson(Integer id)
	{
		PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAOImpl();
		
		return personDAO.getsinglePerson(id);
	}
	
	public void updatePerson(Person person)
	{
		PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAOImpl();
		
		personDAO.updatePerson(person);
	}

}

5、DAO部分，包括接口和实现

import java.util.List;

import com.cdtax.model.Person;

public interface PersonDAO
{
	public void savePerson(Person person);
	
	public List<Person> listAllPersons();
	
	public void removePerson(Integer id);
	
	public Person getsinglePerson(Integer id);
	
	public void updatePerson(Person person);
}

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.cdtax.dao.PersonDAO;
import com.cdtax.model.Person;
import com.cdtax.util.HibernateUtil;

public class PersonDAOImpl implements PersonDAO
{

	public void savePerson(Person person)
	{
		Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
		
		Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
		
		try
		{
			session.save(person);
			
			tx.commit();
		}
		catch(Exception ex)
		{
			if(null != tx)
			{
				tx.rollback();
			}
			ex.printStackTrace();
		}
		finally
		{
			HibernateUtil.close(session);
		}
	}
	
	public List<Person> listAllPersons()
	{
		Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
		Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
		
		List<Person> list = null;
		
		try
		{
			Query query = session.createQuery("from Person"); //Person是类的名字而不是表的名字，需要严格区分大小写
			
			list = (List<Person>)query.list();
			
			tx.commit();
		}
		catch(Exception ex)
		{
			if(null != tx)
			{
				tx.rollback();
			}
		}
		finally
		{
			HibernateUtil.close(session);
		}
		return list;
	}
	
	public void removePerson(Integer id)
	{
		Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
		Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
		
		try
		{
			Person person = (Person)session.get(Person.class,id);
			
			session.delete(person);
			
			tx.commit();
		}
		catch(Exception ex)
		{

			if(null != tx)
			{
				tx.rollback();
			}
		}
		finally
		{
			HibernateUtil.close(session);
		}
	}
	public Person getsinglePerson(Integer id)
	{
		Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
		Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
		Person person = null;
		try
		{
			person = (Person)session.get(Person.class,id);
			
			tx.commit();
		}
		catch(Exception ex)
		{

			if(null != tx)
			{
				tx.rollback();
			}
		}
		finally
		{
			HibernateUtil.close(session);
		}
		return person;
	}

	public void updatePerson(Person person)
	{
		Session session = HibernateUtil.openSession();
		Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
		
		try
		{
			session.update(person);
			
			tx.commit();
		}
		catch(Exception ex)
		{

			if(null != tx)
			{
				tx.rollback();
			}
		}
		finally
		{
			HibernateUtil.close(session);
		}
	}
}

6、辅助部分：

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class HibernateUtil
{
	private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	
	static
	{
		try
		{
			sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
		}
		catch(Exception ex)
		{
			ex.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static Session openSession()
	{
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		
		return session;
	}
	
	public static void close(Session session)
	{
		if(null !=session)
		{
			session.close();
		}
	}
}

7、关于session的get与load方法都可以获取相应的持久化对象，如果该对象存在，那么这两个方法的行为是一样的；如果该对象不存在，那么get方法返回null而load方法则抛出异常。

关于页面中使用了OGNL表达式，主要应注意#以及%{#}的用法，什么时候用#，什么时候用%{}

hibernate持久化主要体现在session的save（），get（），delete（），update（），createQuery（）上。

Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();主要作用就是执行conn.setAutoCommit（false）;对于使用jdbc直接进行数据库操作，默认一个语句执行是自动提交的，如果我们有一组sql语句要作为一个整体执行，就需要取消自动提交，如有：

sql1
sql2
sql3

前面加上Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();，就相当于：

conn.setAutoCommit（false）；
sql1；
sql2；
sql3；
conn.commit（）；

【上篇】1、GNU/Linux的历史
【下篇】2、hibernate关键API

作者: xjj322

该日志由 xjj322 于6年前发表在综合分类下，最后更新于 2018年02月05日.
转载请注明: 3、struts整合hibernate | 学步园 +复制链接

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3、struts整合hibernate

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