参考：http://blog.csdn.net/windskier/article/details/6560925
http://blog.csdn.net/zmyde2010/article/details/6756368
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_514048cb0100wi2j.html
方法：
对于一个service，可以首先把它设为在前台运行：
public void MyService.onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Notification notification = new Notification(android.R.drawable.my_service_icon,
"my_service_name",
System.currentTimeMillis());
PendingIntent p_intent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
new Intent(this, MyMainActivity.class), 0);
notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, "MyServiceNotification, "MyServiceNotification is Running!", p_intent);
Log.d(TAG, String.format("notification = %s", notification));
startForeground(0x1982, notification); // notification ID: 0x1982, you can name it as you will.
}
-------------------------------
相较于/data/app下的应用，放在/system/app下的应用享受更多的特权，比如若在其Manifest.xml文件中设置persistent属性为true，则可使其免受out-of-memory killer的影响。如应用程序'Phone'的AndroidManifest.xml文件：
<application android:name="PhoneApp"
android:persistent="true"
android:label="@string/dialerIconLabel"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher_phone">
...
</application>
设置后app提升为系统核心级别，任何情况下不会被kill掉, settings->applications里面也会屏蔽掉stop操作。
这样设置前的log: Proc #19: adj=svc /B 4067b028 255:com.xxx.xxx/10001 (started-services)
# cat /proc/255/oom_adj
4
设置后的log: PERS #19: adj=core /F 406291f0 155:com.xxx.xxx/10001 (fixed)
# cat /proc/155/oom_adj
-12 #
这是CORE_SERVER_ADJ
注：init进程的oom_adj为-16（即SYSTEM_ADJ）： cat /proc/1/oom_adj
Android相关部分分析：
在文件frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java中有以下的代码：
final ProcessRecord addAppLocked(ApplicationInfo info) {
ProcessRecord app = getProcessRecordLocked(info.processName, info.uid);
if (app == null) {
app = newProcessRecordLocked(null, info, null);
mProcessNames.put(info.processName, info.uid, app);
updateLruProcessLocked(app, true, true);
}
if ((info.flags&(ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM|ApplicationInfo.FLAG_PERSISTENT))
== (ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM|ApplicationInfo.FLAG_PERSISTENT)) {
app.persistent = true;
app.maxAdj = CORE_SERVER_ADJ;