基于10g ASM 1：后台进程 Ora10gASM-> ps -ef | grep +ASM |grep asm_ oracle 5277 1 0 19:30 ? 00:00:03 asm_pmon_+ASM oracle 5279 1 0 19:30 ? 00:00:02 asm_psp0_+ASM oracle 5281 1 0 19:30 ? 00:00:02 asm_mman_+ASM oracle 5283 1 0 19:30 ? 00:00:03 asm_dbw0_+ASM oracle 5285 1 0 19:30 ? 00:00:03 asm_lgwr_+ASM oracle 5287 1 0 19:30 ? 00:00:04 asm_ckpt_+ASM oracle 5289 1 0 19:30 ? 00:00:02 asm_smon_+ASM oracle 5291 1 0 19:30 ? 00:00:03 asm_rbal_+ASM oracle 5293 1 0 19:30 ? 00:00:07 asm_gmon_+ASM PMON:用于监控ASM实例中进程，主要用于处理失效的进程。 PSPn:用于产生Oracle进程， MMAN:与自动SGA管理有关，负责自动管理SGA。 DBWn:管理ASM实例的SGA buffer cache，DBWR负责将脏数据(changed metadata buffers)从ASM buffer cache写回磁盘。 LGWR:LGWR The LGWR process maintains the ASM Active Change Directory (ACD) buffers from the ASM instance and flushes ACD change records to disk. CKPT:The CKPT process manages cross-instance calls (in RAC). SMON:This process is the system monitor and also acts as a liaison to the Cluster Synchronization Services (CSS) process (in Oracle Clusterware) for node monitoring. RBAL:负责协调磁盘组的Rebalance操作，RBAL调用ARBn（ARB0－ARBA)进程实际执行操作。 ARBn:负责实际执行Rebalance。 2：初始化参数 Ora10gASM-> strings spfile+ASM.ora *.asm_diskgroups='DATA','FRA' +ASM.asm_diskgroups='DATA','FRA','DATA2'#Manual Mount *.background_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/+ASM/bdump' *.core_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/+ASM/cdump' *.instance_type='asm' *.large_pool_size=12M *.remote_login_passwordfile='SHARED' *.user_dump_dest='/oracle/admin/+ASM/udump' INSTANCE_TYPE：ASM实例要求此参数为ASM，隐含着将DB_UNIQUE_NAME设置为+ASM. ASM_DISKSTRING：指定在磁盘发现过程应当查找的位置，默认值是NULL。 ASM_DISKGROUPS：指定在实例启动时要自动装载的磁盘组的名称，默认值是NULL。 Ora10gASM-> sqlplus "/ as sysdba" SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 28 21:07:19 2008 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL> set linesize 120 SQL> col name for a30 SQL> col value for a20 SQL> col describ for a60 SQL> SELECT x.ksppinm NAME, y.ksppstvl VALUE, x.ksppdesc describ 2 FROM SYS.x$ksppi x, SYS.x$ksppcv y 3 WHERE x.inst_id = USERENV ('Instance') 4 AND y.inst_id = USERENV ('Instance') 5 AND x.indx = y.indx 6 AND x.ksppinm LIKE '%&par%' 7 / Enter value for par: asm old 6: AND x.ksppinm LIKE '%&par%' new 6: AND x.ksppinm LIKE '%asm%' NAME VALUE DESCRIB ------------------------------ -------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------ asm_diskstring disk set locations for discovery _asm_disk_repair_time 14400 seconds to wait before dropping a failing disk asm_diskgroups DATA, FRA, DATA2 disk groups to mount automatically asm_power_limit 1 number of processes for disk rebalancing _asm_ausize 1048576 allocation unit size _asm_blksize 4096 metadata block size _asm_acd_chunks 1 initial ACD chunks created _asm_libraries ufs library search order for discovery _asm_maxio 1048576 Maximum size of individual I/O request _asm_allow_only_raw_disks TRUE Discovery only raw devices _asmlib_test 0 Osmlib test event _asm_allow_resilver_corruption FALSE Enable disk resilvering for external redundancy _asmsid asm ASM instance id _asm_wait_time 18 Max/imum time to wait before asmb exits _asm_stripewidth 8 ASM file stripe width _asm_stripesize 131072 ASM file stripe size _asm_droptimeout 60 timeout before offlined disks get dropped (in 3s ticks) _asm_emulmax 10000 max number of concurrent disks to emulate I/O errors _asm_emultimeout 0 timeout before emulation begins (in 3s ticks) _asm_kfdpevent 0 KFDP event 20 rows selected. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options 3：V$视图 SQL> select * from v$fixed_table where name like 'V$ASM%'; NAME OBJECT_ID TYPE TABLE_NUM ------------------------------ ---------- ----- ---------- V$ASM_TEMPLATE 4294951862 VIEW 65537 V$ASM_ALIAS 4294951865 VIEW 65537 V$ASM_FILE 4294951868 VIEW 65537 V$ASM_CLIENT 4294951873 VIEW 65537 V$ASM_DISKGROUP 4294951878 VIEW 65537 V$ASM_DISKGROUP_STAT 4294952652 VIEW 65537 V$ASM_DISK 4294951881 VIEW 65537 V$ASM_DISK_STAT 4294952654 VIEW 65537 V$ASM_OPERATION 4294951968 VIEW 65537 9 rows selected. 查看视图的定义，可以清楚的看到基表： SQL> select * from v$fixed_view_definition where view_name like 'GV$ASM_%'; VIEW_NAME ------------------------------ VIEW_DEFINITION -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- GV$ASM_TEMPLATE select inst_id, group_kftmta, entry_kftmta, decode(redundancy_kftmta, 17, 'UNP ROT', 18, 'MIRROR', 19, 'HIGH', 35, 'PARITY', 36, 'PARITY', 37, 'PARITY ', 38, 'PARITY'), decode(bitand(flags_kftmta, 1), 1, 'FINE', 'COARSE'), deco de(bitand(flags_kftmta, 4), 4, 'Y', 'N'), name_kftmta from x$kftmta GV$ASM_ALIAS select inst_id, name_kfals, group_kfals, number_kfals, incarn_kfals, entnum_kfa ls, entinc_kfals, parent_kfals, refer_kfals, decode(bitand(entflg_kfals, 12) , 4, 'Y', 8, 'Y', 'N'), decode(bitand(entflg_kfals, 15), 1, 'N', 2, 'Y', 4, 'Y' , 8, 'N') from x$kfals where decode(bitand(entflg_kfals, 12), 4, 'Y', 8, 'Y', 'N') = 'Y' OR decode(bitand(entflg_kfals, 16), 16, 'Y', 'N') = 'Y' GV$ASM_FILE select inst_id, group_kffil, number_kffil, compound_kffil, incarn_kffil, blk siz_kffil, blkcnt_kffil, filsiz_kffil, filspc_kffil, sftype_kffil, decode(redu n_kffil, 17, 'UNPROT', 18, 'MIRROR', 19, 'HIGH', 35, 'PARITY', 36, 'PAR ITY', 37, 'PARITY', 38, 'PARITY'), decode(bitand(fdflg_kffil, 2), 2, 'FINE', ' COARSE'), crdate_kffil, mddate_kffil, decode(thinned_kffil, 0, 'U', 4294967295 , 'N', 'Y') from x$kffil where incarn_kffil <> 0 and number_kffil > 255 GV$ASM_CLIENT select inst_id, gn_kfncl, instname_kfncl, dbname_kfncl, decode(status_kfncl, 1 , 'CONNECTED', 2, 'DISCONNECTED', 3, 'BROKEN'), softver_kfncl, compver_kfncl from x$kfncl GV$ASM_DISKGROUP select g.inst_id, g.number_kfgrp, g.name_kfgrp, g.sector_kfgrp, g.blksize_kf grp, g.ausize_kfgrp, decode(g.state_kfgrp, 0, 'INVALID', 1, 'UNKNOWN', 2, 'DISMOUNTED', 3, 'CREATING', 4, 'MOUNTING', 5, 'MOUNTED', 6, 'DISMOUNTING', 7, 'CONNECTED', 8, 'BROKEN', 9, 'CONNECTING', 10, 'BREAKING', 11, 'DROPPING' ), decode(g.type_kfgrp, 1, 'EXTERN', 2, 'NORMAL', 3, 'HIGH'), g.totmb_kfgrp, g.freemb_kfgrp, g.minspc_kfgrp, g.usable_kfgrp, g.offline_kfgrp, decode(g.u nbal_kfgrp, 0, 'N', 'Y'), g.compat_kfgrp, g.dbcompat_kfgrp from x$kfgrp g wher e state_kfgrp != 0 GV$ASM_DISKGROUP_STAT select g.inst_id, g.number_kfgrp, g.name_kfgrp, g.sector_kfgrp, g.blksize_kf grp, g.ausize_kfgrp, decode(g.state_kfgrp, 0, 'INVALID', 1, 'UNKNOWN', 2, 'DISMOUNTED', 3, 'CREATING', 4, 'MOUNTING', 5, 'MOUNTED', 6, 'DISMOUNTING', 7, 'CONNECTED', 8, 'BROKEN', 9, 'CONNECTING', 10, 'BREAKING', 11, 'DROPPING' ), decode(g.type_kfgrp, 1, 'EXTERN', 2, 'NORMAL', 3, 'HIGH'), g.totmb_kfgrp, g.freemb_kfgrp, g.minspc_kfgrp, g.usable_kfgrp, g.offline_kfgrp, decode(g.u nbal_kfgrp, 0, 'N', 'Y'), g.compat_kfgrp, g.dbcompat_kfgrp from x$kfgrp_stat g where state_kfgrp != 0 GV$ASM_DISK select d.inst_id, d.grpnum_kfdsk, d.number_kfdsk, d.compound_kfdsk, d.incarn _kfdsk, decode(d.mntsts_kfdsk, 1, 'MISSING', 2, 'CLOSED', 3, 'OPENED', 4, ' CACHED', 5, 'IGNORED', 6, 'IGNORED', 7, 'CLOSING', 'INVALID'), decode(d.hdr sts_kfdsk, 1, 'UNKNOWN', 2, 'CANDIDATE', 3, 'MEMBER', 4, 'FORMER', 5, 'CON FLICT', 6, 'INCOMPATIBLE', 7, 'PROVISIONED', 8, 'FOREIGN', 'INVALID'), deco de(d.mode_kfdsk, 0, 'UNKNOWN', 4, 'OFFLINE', 5, 'PROTECT', 6, 'PENDING', 7 , 'ONLINE', 'INVALID'), decode(d.state_kfdsk, 1, 'UNKNOWN', 2, 'NORMAL', 3, 'FAILING', 4, 'DROPPING', 5, 'HUNG', 6, 'FORCING', 7, 'DROPPED', 8, 'ADDING' , 'INVALID'), decode(d.redun_kfdsk, 16, 'UNPROT', 17, 'UNPROT', 18, 'MIRROR ', 19, 'MIRROR', 20, 'MIRROR', 21, 'MIRROR', 22, 'MIRROR', 23, 'MIRROR', 3 2, 'PARITY', 33, 'PARITY', 34, 'PARITY', 35, 'PARITY', 36, 'PARITY', 37, 'PAR ITY', 38, 'PARITY', 39, 'PARITY', 'UNKNOWN'), d.libnam_kfdsk, d.totmb_kfdsk , d.totmb_kfdsk - d.usedmb_kfdsk, d.asmname_kfdsk, d.failname_kfdsk, d.label_k fdsk, d.path_kfdsk, d.udid_kfdsk, d.product_kfdsk, d.crdate_kfdsk, d.mtdate_kf dsk, d.timer_kfdsk, k.read_kfkid, k.write_kfkid, k.rerr_kfkid, k.werr_kfkid, k.rtime_kfkid/1000000, k.wtime_kfkid/1000000, k.bytesr_kfkid, k.bytesw_kfki d from x$kfdsk d, x$kfkid k where d.mntsts_kfdsk != 0 and d.kfkid_kfdsk = k.id ptr_kfkid(+) GV$ASM_DISK_STAT select d.inst_id, d.grpnum_kfdsk, d.number_kfdsk, d.compound_kfdsk, d.incarn _kfdsk, decode(d.mntsts_kfdsk, 1, 'MISSING', 2, 'CLOSED', 3, 'OPENED', 4, ' CACHED', 5, 'IGNORED', 6, 'IGNORED', 7, 'CLOSING', 'INVALID'), decode(d.hdr sts_kfdsk, 1, 'UNKNOWN', 2, 'CANDIDATE', 3, 'MEMBER', 4, 'FORMER', 5, 'CON FLICT', 6, 'INCOMPATIBLE', 7, 'PROVISIONED', 8, 'FOREIGN', 'INVALID'), deco de(d.mode_kfdsk, 0, 'UNKNOWN', 4, 'OFFLINE', 5, 'PROTECT', 6, 'PENDING', 7 , 'ONLINE', 'INVALID'), decode(d.state_kfdsk, 1, 'UNKNOWN', 2, 'NORMAL', 3, 'FAILING', 4, 'DROPPING', 5, 'HUNG', 6, 'FORCING', 7, 'DROPPED', 8, 'ADDING' , 'INVALID'), decode(d.redun_kfdsk, 16, 'UNPROT', 17, 'UNPROT', 18, 'MIRROR ', 19, 'MIRROR', 20, 'MIRROR', 21, 'MIRROR', 22, 'MIRROR', 23, 'MIRROR', 3 2, 'PARITY', 33, 'PARITY', 34, 'PARITY', 35, 'PARITY', 36, 'PARITY', 37, 'PAR ITY', 38, 'PARITY', 39, 'PARITY', 'UNKNOWN'), d.libnam_kfdsk, d.totmb_kfdsk , d.totmb_kfdsk - d.usedmb_kfdsk, d.asmname_kfdsk, d.failname_kfdsk, d.label_k fdsk, d.path_kfdsk, d.udid_kfdsk, d.product_kfdsk, d.crdate_kfdsk, d.mtdate_kf dsk, d.timer_kfdsk, k.read_kfkid, k.write_kfkid, k.rerr_kfkid, k.werr_kfkid, k.rtime_kfkid/1000000, k.wtime_kfkid/1000000, k.bytesr_kfkid, k.bytesw_kfki d from x$kfdsk_stat d, x$kfkid k where d.mntsts_kfdsk != 0 and d.kfkid_kfdsk = k.idptr_kfkid(+) GV$ASM_OPERATION select inst_id, number_kfgmg, decode(bitand(op_kfgmg, 64), 64, 'EXPEL', d ecode(bitand(op_kfgmg, 32), 32, 'RFRSH', decode(bitand(op_kfgmg, 16), 16, 'A CD', decode(bitand(op_kfgmg, 8), 8, 'DSCV', decode(bitand(op_kfgmg, 4), 4, 'SYNC', decode(bitand(op_kfgmg, 2), 2, 'COD', decode( bitand(op_kfgmg, 1), 1, 'REBAL', 'NONE'))))))), decode(state_kfgmg, 1, 'WAIT', 2, 'RUN', 3, 'REAP', 4, 'WAIT', 5, 'HALT', 6, 'ERRS'), power_kfgmg , actual_kfgmg, sofar_kfgmg, work_kfgmg, rate_kfgmg, time_kfgmg from x$kfgmg 9 rows selected. SQL> for ASM Metadata and internals,just refer to https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/PSSGroup/ASM_Internals