学步园

' Assumes GetConnectionString returns a valid connection string
' where pooling is turned off by setting Pooling=False;. 
Dim connectionString As String = GetConnectionString()

Using connection1 As New SqlConnection(connectionString)
    ' Drop the TestSnapshot table if it exists
    connection1.Open()
    Dim command1 As SqlCommand = connection1.CreateCommand
    command1.CommandText = "IF EXISTS " & _
    "(SELECT * FROM sys.tables WHERE name=N'TestSnapshot') " _
      & "DROP TABLE TestSnapshot"
    Try
        command1.ExecuteNonQuery()
    Catch ex As Exception
        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)
    End Try

    ' Enable SNAPSHOT isolation 
    command1.CommandText = _
    "ALTER DATABASE AdventureWorks SET ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION ON"
    command1.ExecuteNonQuery()

    ' Create a table named TestSnapshot and insert one row of data
    command1.CommandText = _
    "CREATE TABLE TestSnapshot (ID int primary key, valueCol int)"
    command1.ExecuteNonQuery()
    command1.CommandText = _
      "INSERT INTO TestSnapshot VALUES (1,1)"
    command1.ExecuteNonQuery()

    ' Begin, but do not complete, a transaction to update the data 
    ' with the Serializable isolation level, which locks the table
    ' pending the commit or rollback of the update. The original 
    ' value in valueCol was 1, the proposed new value is 22.
    Dim transaction1 As SqlTransaction = _
      connection1.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.Serializable)
    command1.Transaction = transaction1
    command1.CommandText = _
     "UPDATE TestSnapshot SET valueCol=22 WHERE ID=1"
    command1.ExecuteNonQuery()

    ' Open a second connection to AdventureWorks
    Dim connection2 As SqlConnection = New SqlConnection(connectionString)
    Using connection2
        connection2.Open()

        ' Initiate a second transaction to read from TestSnapshot
        ' using Snapshot isolation. This will read the original 
        ' value of 1 since transaction1 has not yet committed.
        Dim command2 As SqlCommand = connection2.CreateCommand()
        Dim transaction2 As SqlTransaction = _
          connection2.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.Snapshot)
        command2.Transaction = transaction2
        command2.CommandText = _
            "SELECT ID, valueCol FROM TestSnapshot"
        Dim reader2 As SqlDataReader = _
            command2.ExecuteReader()
        While reader2.Read()
            Console.WriteLine("Expected 1,1 Actual " _
              & reader2.GetValue(0).ToString() + "," _
              & reader2.GetValue(1).ToString())
        End While
        transaction2.Commit()
    End Using

    ' Open a third connection to AdventureWorks and
    ' initiate a third transaction to read from TestSnapshot
    ' using the ReadCommitted isolation level. This transaction
    ' will not be able to view the data because of 
    ' the locks placed on the table in transaction1
    ' and will time out after 4 seconds.
    ' You would see the same behavior with the
    ' RepeatableRead or Serializable isolation levels.
    Dim connection3 As SqlConnection = New SqlConnection(connectionString)
    Using connection3
        connection3.Open()
        Dim command3 As SqlCommand = connection3.CreateCommand()
        Dim transaction3 As SqlTransaction = _
            connection3.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted)
        command3.Transaction = transaction3
        command3.CommandText = _
            "SELECT ID, valueCol FROM TestSnapshot"
        command3.CommandTimeout = 4

        Try
            Dim reader3 As SqlDataReader = command3.ExecuteReader()
            While reader3.Read()
                Console.WriteLine("You should never hit this.")
            End While
            transaction3.Commit()
        Catch ex As Exception
            Console.WriteLine("Expected timeout expired exception: " _
              & ex.Message)
            transaction3.Rollback()
        End Try
    End Using

    ' Open a fourth connection to AdventureWorks and
    ' initiate a fourth transaction to read from TestSnapshot
    ' using the ReadUncommitted isolation level. ReadUncommitted
    ' will not hit the table lock, and will allow a dirty read  
    ' of the proposed new value 22. If the first transaction 
    ' transaction rolls back, this value will never actually have
    ' existed in the database.
    Dim connection4 As SqlConnection = New SqlConnection(connectionString)
    Using connection4
        connection4.Open()
        Dim command4 As SqlCommand = connection4.CreateCommand()
        Dim transaction4 As SqlTransaction = _
          connection4.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.ReadUncommitted)
        command4.Transaction = transaction4
        command4.CommandText = _
            "SELECT ID, valueCol FROM TestSnapshot"
        Dim reader4 As SqlDataReader = _
            command4.ExecuteReader()
        While reader4.Read()
            Console.WriteLine("Expected 1,22 Actual " _
              & reader4.GetValue(0).ToString() _
              & "," + reader4.GetValue(1).ToString())
        End While
        transaction4.Commit()

        ' Rollback transaction1
        transaction1.Rollback()
    End Using
End Using

' CLEANUP
' Drop TestSnapshot table and set
' ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION OFF for AdventureWorks
Dim connection5 As New SqlConnection(connectionString)
Using connection5
    connection5.Open()
    Dim command5 As SqlCommand = connection5.CreateCommand()
    command5.CommandText = "DROP TABLE TestSnapshot"
    Dim command6 As SqlCommand = connection5.CreateCommand()
    command6.CommandText = _
   "ALTER DATABASE AdventureWorks SET ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION OFF"
    Try
        command5.ExecuteNonQuery()
        command6.ExecuteNonQuery()
    Catch ex As Exception
        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)
    End Try
End Using

// Assumes GetConnectionString returns a valid connection string
// where pooling is turned off by setting Pooling=False;. 
string connectionString = GetConnectionString();
using (SqlConnection connection1 = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
    // Drop the TestSnapshot table if it exists
    connection1.Open();
    SqlCommand command1 = connection1.CreateCommand();
    command1.CommandText = "IF EXISTS "
        + "(SELECT * FROM sys.tables WHERE name=N'TestSnapshot') "
        + "DROP TABLE TestSnapshot";
    try
    {
        command1.ExecuteNonQuery();
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
    }
    // Enable Snapshot isolation
    command1.CommandText =
        "ALTER DATABASE AdventureWorks SET ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION ON";
    command1.ExecuteNonQuery();

    // Create a table named TestSnapshot and insert one row of data
    command1.CommandText =
        "CREATE TABLE TestSnapshot (ID int primary key, valueCol int)";
    command1.ExecuteNonQuery();
    command1.CommandText =
        "INSERT INTO TestSnapshot VALUES (1,1)";
    command1.ExecuteNonQuery();

    // Begin, but do not complete, a transaction to update the data 
    // with the Serializable isolation level, which locks the table
    // pending the commit or rollback of the update. The original 
    // value in valueCol was 1, the proposed new value is 22.
    SqlTransaction transaction1 =
        connection1.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.Serializable);
    command1.Transaction = transaction1;
    command1.CommandText =
        "UPDATE TestSnapshot SET valueCol=22 WHERE ID=1";
    command1.ExecuteNonQuery();

    // Open a second connection to AdventureWorks
    using (SqlConnection connection2 = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
    {
        connection2.Open();
        // Initiate a second transaction to read from TestSnapshot
        // using Snapshot isolation. This will read the original 
        // value of 1 since transaction1 has not yet committed.
        SqlCommand command2 = connection2.CreateCommand();
        SqlTransaction transaction2 =
            connection2.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.Snapshot);
        command2.Transaction = transaction2;
        command2.CommandText =
            "SELECT ID, valueCol FROM TestSnapshot";
        SqlDataReader reader2 = command2.ExecuteReader();
        while (reader2.Read())
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Expected 1,1 Actual "
                + reader2.GetValue(0).ToString()
                + "," + reader2.GetValue(1).ToString());
        }
        transaction2.Commit();
    }

    // Open a third connection to AdventureWorks and
    // initiate a third transaction to read from TestSnapshot
    // using ReadCommitted isolation level. This transaction
    // will not be able to view the data because of 
    // the locks placed on the table in transaction1
    // and will time out after 4 seconds.
    // You would see the same behavior with the
    // RepeatableRead or Serializable isolation levels.
    using (SqlConnection connection3 = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
    {
        connection3.Open();
        SqlCommand command3 = connection3.CreateCommand();
        SqlTransaction transaction3 =
            connection3.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted);
        command3.Transaction = transaction3;
        command3.CommandText =
            "SELECT ID, valueCol FROM TestSnapshot";
        command3.CommandTimeout = 4;
        try
        {
            SqlDataReader sqldatareader3 = command3.ExecuteReader();
            while (sqldatareader3.Read())
            {
                Console.WriteLine("You should never hit this.");
            }
            transaction3.Commit();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Expected timeout expired exception: "
                + ex.Message);
            transaction3.Rollback();
        }
    }

    // Open a fourth connection to AdventureWorks and
    // initiate a fourth transaction to read from TestSnapshot
    // using the ReadUncommitted isolation level. ReadUncommitted
    // will not hit the table lock, and will allow a dirty read  
    // of the proposed new value 22 for valueCol. If the first
    // transaction rolls back, this value will never actually have
    // existed in the database.
    using (SqlConnection connection4 = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
    {
        connection4.Open();
        SqlCommand command4 = connection4.CreateCommand();
        SqlTransaction transaction4 =
            connection4.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.ReadUncommitted);
        command4.Transaction = transaction4;
        command4.CommandText =
            "SELECT ID, valueCol FROM TestSnapshot";
        SqlDataReader reader4 = command4.ExecuteReader();
        while (reader4.Read())
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Expected 1,22 Actual "
                + reader4.GetValue(0).ToString()
                + "," + reader4.GetValue(1).ToString());
        }

        transaction4.Commit();
    }

    // Roll back the first transaction
    transaction1.Rollback();
}

// CLEANUP
// Delete the TestSnapshot table and set
// ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION OFF
using (SqlConnection connection5 = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
    connection5.Open();
    SqlCommand command5 = connection5.CreateCommand();
    command5.CommandText = "DROP TABLE TestSnapshot";
    SqlCommand command6 = connection5.CreateCommand();
    command6.CommandText =
        "ALTER DATABASE AdventureWorks SET ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION OFF";
    try
    {
        command5.ExecuteNonQuery();
        command6.ExecuteNonQuery();
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
    }
}
Console.WriteLine("Done!");

' Assumes GetConnectionString returns a valid connection string
' where pooling is turned off by setting Pooling=False;. 
Dim connectionString As String = GetConnectionString()

Using connection1 As New SqlConnection(connectionString)
    ' Enable Snapshot isolation in AdventureWorks
    connection1.Open()
    Dim command1 As SqlCommand = connection1.CreateCommand
    command1.CommandText = _
   "ALTER DATABASE AdventureWorks SET ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION ON;"
    Try
        command1.ExecuteNonQuery()
        Console.WriteLine( _
         "Snapshot Isolation turned on in AdventureWorks.")
    Catch ex As Exception
        Console.WriteLine("ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION failed: {0}", ex.Message)
    End Try

    ' Create a table
    command1.CommandText = _
      "IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.databases " _
      & "WHERE name=N'TestSnapshotUpdate') " _
      & "DROP TABLE TestSnapshotUpdate"
    command1.ExecuteNonQuery()
    command1.CommandText = _
      "CREATE TABLE TestSnapshotUpdate (ID int primary key, " _
      & "CharCol nvarchar(100));"
    Try
        command1.ExecuteNonQuery()
        Console.WriteLine("TestSnapshotUpdate table created.")
    Catch ex As Exception
        Console.WriteLine("CREATE TABLE failed: {0}", ex.Message)
    End Try

    ' Insert some data
    command1.CommandText = _
      "INSERT INTO TestSnapshotUpdate VALUES (1,N'abcdefg');" _
      & "INSERT INTO TestSnapshotUpdate VALUES (2,N'hijklmn');" _
      & "INSERT INTO TestSnapshotUpdate VALUES (3,N'opqrstuv');"
    Try
        command1.ExecuteNonQuery()
        Console.WriteLine("Data inserted TestSnapshotUpdate table.")
    Catch ex As Exception
        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)
    End Try

    ' Begin, but do not complete, a transaction
    ' using the Snapshot isolation level
    Dim transaction1 As SqlTransaction = Nothing
    Try
        transaction1 = connection1.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.Snapshot)
        command1.CommandText = _
          "SELECT * FROM TestSnapshotUpdate WHERE ID " _
          & "BETWEEN 1 AND 3"
        command1.Transaction = transaction1
        command1.ExecuteNonQuery()
        Console.WriteLine("Snapshot transaction1 started.")

        ' Open a second Connection/Transaction to update data
        ' using ReadCommitted. This transaction should succeed.
        Dim connection2 As SqlConnection = New SqlConnection(connectionString)
        Using connection2
            connection2.Open()
            Dim command2 As SqlCommand = connection2.CreateCommand()
            command2.CommandText = "UPDATE TestSnapshotUpdate SET " _
              & "CharCol=N'New value from Connection2' WHERE ID=1"
            Dim transaction2 As SqlTransaction = _
              connection2.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted)
            command2.Transaction = transaction2
            Try
                command2.ExecuteNonQuery()
                transaction2.Commit()
                Console.WriteLine( _
                  "transaction2 has modified data and committed.")
            Catch ex As SqlException
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)
                transaction2.Rollback()
            Finally
                transaction2.Dispose()
            End Try
        End Using

        ' Now try to update a row in Connection1/Transaction1.
        ' This transaction should fail because Transaction2
        ' succeeded in modifying the data.
        command1.CommandText = _
          "UPDATE TestSnapshotUpdate SET CharCol=" _
            & "N'New value from Connection1' WHERE ID=1"
        command1.Transaction = transaction1
        command1.ExecuteNonQuery()
        transaction1.Commit()
        Console.WriteLine("You should never see this.")

    Catch ex As SqlException
        Console.WriteLine("Expected failure for transaction1:")
        Console.WriteLine("  {0}: {1}", ex.Number, ex.Message)
    Finally
        transaction1.Dispose()
    End Try
End Using

' CLEANUP:
' Turn off Snapshot isolation and delete the table
Dim connection3 As New SqlConnection(connectionString)
Using connection3
    connection3.Open()
    Dim command3 As SqlCommand = connection3.CreateCommand()
    command3.CommandText = _
  "ALTER DATABASE AdventureWorks SET ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION OFF"
    Try
        command3.ExecuteNonQuery()
        Console.WriteLine( _
         "Snapshot isolation turned off in AdventureWorks.")
    Catch ex As Exception
        Console.WriteLine("CLEANUP FAILED: {0}", ex.Message)
    End Try

    command3.CommandText = "DROP TABLE TestSnapshotUpdate"
    Try
        command3.ExecuteNonQuery()
        Console.WriteLine("TestSnapshotUpdate table deleted.")
    Catch ex As Exception
        Console.WriteLine("CLEANUP FAILED: {0}", ex.Message)
    End Try
End Using

// Assumes GetConnectionString returns a valid connection string
// where pooling is turned off by setting Pooling=False;. 
string connectionString = GetConnectionString();
using (SqlConnection connection1 = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
    connection1.Open();
    SqlCommand command1 = connection1.CreateCommand();

    // Enable Snapshot isolation in AdventureWorks
    command1.CommandText =
        "ALTER DATABASE AdventureWorks SET ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION ON";
    try
    {
        command1.ExecuteNonQuery();
        Console.WriteLine(
            "Snapshot Isolation turned on in AdventureWorks.");
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION ON failed: {0}", ex.Message);
    }
    // Create a table 
    command1.CommandText =
        "IF EXISTS "
        + "(SELECT * FROM sys.tables "
        + "WHERE name=N'TestSnapshotUpdate')"
        + " DROP TABLE TestSnapshotUpdate";
    command1.ExecuteNonQuery();
    command1.CommandText =
        "CREATE TABLE TestSnapshotUpdate "
        + "(ID int primary key, CharCol nvarchar(100));";
    try
    {
        command1.ExecuteNonQuery();
        Console.WriteLine("TestSnapshotUpdate table created.");
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("CREATE TABLE failed: {0}", ex.Message);
    }
    // Insert some data
    command1.CommandText =
        "INSERT INTO TestSnapshotUpdate VALUES (1,N'abcdefg');"
        + "INSERT INTO TestSnapshotUpdate VALUES (2,N'hijklmn');"
        + "INSERT INTO TestSnapshotUpdate VALUES (3,N'opqrstuv');";
    try
    {
        command1.ExecuteNonQuery();
        Console.WriteLine("Data inserted TestSnapshotUpdate table.");
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
    }

    // Begin, but do not complete, a transaction 
    // using the Snapshot isolation level.
    SqlTransaction transaction1 = null;
    try
    {
        transaction1 = connection1.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.Snapshot);
        command1.CommandText =
            "SELECT * FROM TestSnapshotUpdate WHERE ID BETWEEN 1 AND 3";
        command1.Transaction = transaction1;
        command1.ExecuteNonQuery();
        Console.WriteLine("Snapshot transaction1 started.");

        // Open a second Connection/Transaction to update data
        // using ReadCommitted. This transaction should succeed.
        using (SqlConnection connection2 = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
        {
            connection2.Open();
            SqlCommand command2 = connection2.CreateCommand();
            command2.CommandText = "UPDATE TestSnapshotUpdate SET CharCol="
                + "N'New value from Connection2' WHERE ID=1";
            SqlTransaction transaction2 =
                connection2.BeginTransaction(IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted);
            command2.Transaction = transaction2;
            try
            {
                command2.ExecuteNonQuery();
                transaction2.Commit();
                Console.WriteLine(
                    "transaction2 has modified data and committed.");
            }
            catch (SqlException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                transaction2.Rollback();
            }
            finally
            {
                transaction2.Dispose();
            }
        }

        // Now try to update a row in Connection1/Transaction1.
        // This transaction should fail because Transaction2
        // succeeded in modifying the data.
        command1.CommandText =
            "UPDATE TestSnapshotUpdate SET CharCol="
            + "N'New value from Connection1' WHERE ID=1";
        command1.Transaction = transaction1;
        command1.ExecuteNonQuery();
        transaction1.Commit();
        Console.WriteLine("You should never see this.");
    }
    catch (SqlException ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Expected failure for transaction1:");
        Console.WriteLine("  {0}: {1}", ex.Number, ex.Message);
    }
    finally
    {
        transaction1.Dispose();
    }
}

// CLEANUP:
// Turn off Snapshot isolation and delete the table
using (SqlConnection connection3 = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
    connection3.Open();
    SqlCommand command3 = connection3.CreateCommand();
    command3.CommandText =
        "ALTER DATABASE AdventureWorks SET ALLOW_SNAPSHOT_ISOLATION OFF";
    try
    {
        command3.ExecuteNonQuery();
        Console.WriteLine(
            "CLEANUP: Snapshot isolation turned off in AdventureWorks.");
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("CLEANUP FAILED: {0}", ex.Message);
    }
    command3.CommandText = "DROP TABLE TestSnapshotUpdate";
    try
    {
        command3.ExecuteNonQuery();
        Console.WriteLine("CLEANUP: TestSnapshotUpdate table deleted.");
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("CLEANUP FAILED: {0}", ex.Message);
    }
}