在centos 上使用yum很是顺手,到了redhat上就不是那么回事了,需要多费些周折;
不过经过配置也可以在redhat上正常使用,原本redhat就带有yum,只不过是需要花些钱去注册。
所以只要把 yum的更新地址改成开源的就行了。而限定yum更新地址的文件在/etc/yum.repos.d/里。(记得先备份这些东东)
建立新的配置文件:
[root@jason ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@jason ~]# touch rhel-debuginfo.repo
[root@jason ~]# touch mirrors-rpmforge
[root@jason ~]# touch rpmforge.repo
往新的配置文件写东西:
[root@jason ~]#vi rhel-debuginfo.repo
[base]
name=CentOS-5 - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever5&arch=$basearch&
repo=os
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#released updates
[update]
name=CentOS-5 - Updates
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-5 - Addons
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/addons/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-5 - Extras
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-5 - Plus
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-5 - Contrib
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
# vi dag.repo
[dag]
name=Dag RPM Repository for RHEL5
baseurl=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/dag/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/dag/packages/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
修改第二个配置文件:
[root@jason ~]vi mirrors-rpmforge
http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://archive.cs.uu.nl/mirror/dag.wieers/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://ftp2.lcpe.uni-sofia.bg/freshrpms/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
#http://ftp.heanet.ie/pub/freshrpms/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://mirror.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/mirror/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://mirrors.ircam.fr/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://rh-mirror.linux.iastate.edu/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://rpmfind.net/linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://wftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag
修改第三个配置文件:
[root@jason ~]# vi rpmforge.repo
# Name: RPMforge RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise 5 - dag
# URL: http://rpmforge.net/
[rpmforge]
name = Red Hat Enterprise $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
#baseurl = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/dag
mirrorlist = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/mirrors-rpmforge
#mirrorlist = file:///etc/yum.repos.d/mirrors-rpmforge
enabled = 1
protect = 0
gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-dag
gpgcheck = 1
如果风速慢的话可以通过增加yum的超时时间,这样就不会总是因为超时而退出。
[root@jason ~]vi /etc/yum.conf
加上这么一句:timeout=120
到这里配置差不多就完了。还有一个包需要安装:rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
如果不安装的话有可能会出现以下错误:GPG key retrieval failed: [Errno 5] OSError: [Errno 2] 没有那个文件或目录: '/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-dag'
到http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/找到这个包,然后
这里有很多版本rpmforge:
http://rpm.pbone.net/index.php3/stat/4/idpl/3984492/dir/redhat_el_5/com/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm.html
http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/rpmforge-release/
[root@jason ~]rpm -ivh rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
接下来就是输入KEY了。
#[root@jason ~] rpm --import http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-*
rpm --import http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
这样基本上yum就可以用了。不过如果觉得不爽的话还可以优化:
加速yum
[root@jason ~]yum install yum-fastestmirror yum-presto
指定或去掉软件源的mirror:
可以在baseurl中将比较慢的mirror去掉
你的yum镜像的速度测试记录文件:
/var/cache/yum/timedhosts.txt
yum Existing lock 错误的解决办法:
如果系统启动的时候, yum 出现Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid 3380. Aborting. 可以用下面的办法解决:
[root@jason ~]/etc/init.d/yum-updatesd stop
也可以用以下方法:
[root@jason ~]rm -f /var/run/yum.pid
主要原因就是yum在自动更新只要关掉它就可以了
现在我们可以测试一下yum了,
安装:
[root@jason ~]yum install mplayer
删除:
[root@jason ~]yum remove mplayer
通过测试!!!
--参考自互联网