近段时间对shell脚本和Python进行了梳理，将一些脚本中常用的内容，考虑多种方法整理出来，形成有用的代码片段，这样就可以在需要的时候直接使用，也可以用于备忘和思考。
本次整理的代码片段有： python中日期、时间常用获取方法； 记录处理日志的logging模块使用；从目录，文件，命名结果中，获取循环条件进行循环。
我将这些有用的代码片段整理在一个Python脚本中了，并且测试可用。
脚本内容如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python#_*_coding:utf8_*_#常用日期和时间import datetime,timetoday = datetime.date.today()yesterday = datetime.date.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=1)tomorrow = datetime.date.today() + datetime.timedelta(days=1)Today_nyr = int(datetime.datetime.strftime(today, '%Y%m%d'))Yesterday_nyr = int(datetime.datetime.strftime(yesterday, '%Y%m%d'))Tomorrow_nyr = int(datetime.datetime.strftime(tomorrow ,'%Y%m%d'))time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time())) print "now time is {time}".format(time=time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time())))print "normal type , today is {today} , yesterday is {yesterday} , tomorrow is {tommorrow} .".format(today=today,yesterday=yesterday,tommorrow=tomorrow)print "nyr style , today is {today} , yesterday is {yesterday} , tommrrow is {tommorrow} .".format(today=Today_nyr,yesterday=Yesterday_nyr,tommorrow=Tomorrow_nyr)#logging.info("now time is {time}".format(time=time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))))#logging.info("normal type , today is {today} , yesterday is {yesterday} , tomorrow is {tommorrow} .".format(today=today,yesterday=yesterday,tommorrow=tomorrow))#logging.info("nyr style , today is {today} , yesterday is {yesterday} , tommrrow is {tommorrow} .".format(today=Today_nyr,yesterday=Yesterday_nyr,tommorrow=Tomorrow_nyr))###程序日志模块logging使用import loggingimport osTHISFILEPATH = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))logfile = '{path}/python_test_file.log'.format(path=THISFILEPATH)logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(asctime)s - %(filename)s - [line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s: %(message)s', datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %p', filename=logfile, #level=10, filemode='a')logging.info("This is a info.\n")logging.warn("This is a warning.\n")logging.error("This is a error.\n")#logging.log("This is a log. \n\n")logging.debug("This is a debug. \n\n")logging.critical("This is a critical \n\n\n")logging.info("now time is {time}".format(time=time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))))logging.info("normal type , today is {today} , yesterday is {yesterday} , tomorrow is {tommorrow} .".format(today=today,yesterday=yesterday,tommorrow=tomorrow))logging.info("nyr style , today is {today} , yesterday is {yesterday} , tommrrow is {tommorrow} .".format(today=Today_nyr,yesterday=Yesterday_nyr,tommorrow=Tomorrow_nyr))###从一个目录中，取出所有文件名进行循环from subprocess import callFile_Dir = "/tmp"File_List = os.listdir(File_Dir)for f in File_List: if( f[0] == '.' ): continue else: logging.info("{filename}".format(filename=f))###读取一个文件的多行，进行循环#文件读取方法一：file = open("/tmp/3.txt")while 1: line = file.readline() if not line: break logging.info("this line is :{line}".format(line=line))#文件读取方法二：import fileinputfor line in fileinput.input("/tmp/3.txt"): logging.info("this line is :{line} .".format(line=line))#文件读取方法三：file = open("/tmp/3.txt")for line in file: logging.info("this line is :{line} .".format(line=line))###获取一个shell命令执行结果，进行循环#获取命令方法一：import subprocessshell_cmd = "df -h | awk '{print $1}'"p = subprocess.Popen("{cmd}".format(cmd=shell_cmd), shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)out = p.stdout.readlines()for line in out: print line.strip() logging.info(" file system is :{line} .".format(line=line.strip()))#获取命令方法二：for line in subprocess.Popen("df -h | awk '{print $1}'",shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE).stdout.readlines(): print line.strip() logging.info(" file system is :{line} .".format(line=line.strip()))
上面的脚本，可使用 python 3.py 直接执行。脚本执行结果如下：
2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:38] INFO: This is a info.2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:39] WARNING: This is a warning.2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:40] ERROR: This is a error.2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:42] DEBUG: This is a debug.2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:43] CRITICAL: This is a critical2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:46] INFO: now time is 2017-03-02 16:48:432017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:47] INFO: normal type , today is 2017-03-02 , yesterday is 2017-03-01 , tomorrow is 2017-03-03 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:48] INFO: nyr style , today is 20170302 , yesterday is 20170301 , tommrrow is 20170303 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: 40001501_20170302.csv2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: proc_cpu_result2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: qaucli_022317-18_15_41.log2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: sfcbHttpSocket2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: 1.py2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: sfcbLocalSocket2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: 2.txt2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: null2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: 3.txt2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: 3.py2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: hsperfdata_root2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: updatehbaconf.sh.log2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: proc_cpu_detail.txt2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:60] INFO: python_test_file.log2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :12017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :22017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :32017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :42017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :52017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :62017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :72017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :82017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:69] INFO: this line is :92017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :1 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :2 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :3 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :4 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :5 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :6 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :7 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :8 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:74] INFO: this line is :9 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :1 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :2 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :3 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :4 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :5 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :6 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :7 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :8 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:79] INFO: this line is :9 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:90] INFO: file system is :Filesystem .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:90] INFO: file system is :/dev/sda2 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:90] INFO: file system is :tmpfs .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:90] INFO: file system is :/dev/sda1 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:90] INFO: file system is :/dev/sda5 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:96] INFO: file system is :Filesystem .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:96] INFO: file system is :/dev/sda2 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:96] INFO: file system is :tmpfs .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:96] INFO: file system is :/dev/sda1 .2017-03-02 16:48:43 PM - 3.py - [line:96] INFO: file system is :/dev/sda5 .
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