学步园

利用线性链表实现学生成绩管理系统，具体功能：输入、输出、插入、删除、查找、追加、读入、显示、保存、拷贝、排序、索引、分类合计、退出，并能在屏幕上输出操作前后的结果。

1. 写出系统需求分析,并建模。 2. 编程实现,界面友好。 3. 输出操作前后的结果

1.头文件

#define MAX_NUM 10#include <String>#include <fstream>using namespace std;

bool quit = false;

struct StuNode{ int num; int math, eng, yuwen; int sum; StuNode *nextstu;};

class SInfo{ StuNode *StuListHead;public: SInfo(); //构造函数 ~SInfo(); //析构函数 void CreatSinfo(); //创建学生信息 void StuInsert(int snum, int smath, int seng, int syuwen); //插入学生信息 void StuDelete(int snum); //删除学生信息 StuNode *StuFind(int snum); //查找学生信息，传入参数学号 void StuModify(int snum, int smath, int seng, int syuwen); //修改学生信息 void StuCopy(StuNode *ptemp, StuNode *p); //学生信息拷贝 void StuSort(char ch); void StuClassfy(); //分类合计 void StuRead(); //从文件读入学生信息 void StuSave(); //保存学生信息到文件 int IsRead(); void StuQuit(); void ShowInfo(); //遍历输出学生信息

};

int Systemdoor(){ string username = "Hecoz", password = "password"; string name, temp; int number = 3; while (1) { cout << " 用 户 名："; cin >> name; cout << " 密 码："; cin >> temp; if (name != username || temp != password) { number--; if (number >0) { cout << " 用户名/密码错误!你还有" << number << "次机会" << endl; } else cout << "用户名/密码错误!" << endl, exit(0);

} else { cout << "********************密码正确********************" << endl<<endl; return 1; } }

}

void ShowMenu(){ cout << "********************************************" << endl; cout << "****** 学 生 信 息 系 统 ******" << endl; cout << "****** 0.安全退出系统 ******" << endl; cout << "****** 1.文件读入学生信息 ******" << endl; cout << "****** 2.录入新的学生信息 ******" << endl; cout << "****** 3.添加新的学生信息 ******" << endl; cout << "****** 4.删除已有学生信息 ******" << endl; cout << "****** 5.查找已有学生信息 ******" << endl; cout << "****** 6.修改已有学生信息 ******" << endl; cout << "****** 7.已有学生信息排序 ******" << endl; cout << "****** 8.分类合计学生信息 ******" << endl; cout << "****** 9.输出所有学生信息 ******" << endl; cout << "****** 10.保存现有学生信息 ******" << endl; cout << "\n\t\n\t\t请选择：";}

SInfo::SInfo() //构造函数{ StuListHead = new StuNode; StuListHead->nextstu = NULL;}

SInfo::~SInfo() //析构函数{ StuNode *p; while (StuListHead) { p = StuListHead; StuListHead = StuListHead->nextstu; delete p; } StuListHead = NULL;}

void SInfo::CreatSinfo() //创建学生信息表{ int n; StuNode *p, *s; p = StuListHead; cout << "请输入学生人数："; cin >> n; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { s = new StuNode; cin >> s->num >> s->math>>s->eng>>s->yuwen; s->sum = s->math + s->eng + s->yuwen; s->nextstu = p->nextstu; p->nextstu = s; p = p->nextstu; } if (p == NULL) //判断学生信息表是否创建成功 { cout << "创建失败请重新创建！" << endl; CreatSinfo(); }}

void SInfo::ShowInfo() //遍历输出{ StuNode *p; cout << "学号" << '\t' << "数学" << '\t' << "英语" << '\t' << "语文" << '\t' << "总分" << endl; for (p = StuListHead->nextstu; p != NULL; p = p->nextstu) { cout << p->num << '\t' << p->math << '\t' << p->eng << '\t' << p->yuwen << '\t' << p->sum << endl; }}

void SInfo::StuInsert(int snum, int smath,int seng,int syuwen) //插入学生信息（头插法）{ StuNode *s,*p; s = new StuNode; s->num = snum; s->math = smath; s->eng = seng; s->yuwen = syuwen; s->sum = s->math + s->eng + s->yuwen; p = StuListHead; s->nextstu = p->nextstu; p->nextstu = s;}

void SInfo::StuDelete(int snum){ StuNode *p, *ptemp; p = StuListHead; ptemp = p; while (p->nextstu && p->num!=snum) //循环终止条件为p->nextstu不为空 而且没有找到相应学号的学生 { ptemp = p; p = p->nextstu; } if (p->num == snum) { ptemp->nextstu = p->nextstu; delete p; } else { cout << "未找到该学生信息！" << endl; }}

StuNode *SInfo::StuFind(int snum){ StuNode *p; p = StuListHead->nextstu; while (p->nextstu && p->num != snum) //循环终止条件为p->nextstu不为空 而且没有找到相应学号的学生 { p = p->nextstu; } if (p->num == snum) { return p; } else { cout << "未找到该学生信息！" << endl; return NULL; }}

void SInfo::StuModify(int snum, int smath, int seng, int syuwen){ StuNode *ItemStu = StuFind(snum); //直接调用查找函数 if (ItemStu != NULL) { ItemStu->math = smath; ItemStu->num = snum; ItemStu->math = smath; ItemStu->eng = seng; ItemStu->yuwen = syuwen; ItemStu->sum = ItemStu->math + ItemStu->eng + ItemStu->yuwen; }}

void SInfo::StuCopy(StuNode *ptemp, StuNode *p) //拷贝学生信息(将p的信息拷贝到ptemp中){ if (p == NULL) { cout << "拷贝目标为空！" << endl; } else { ptemp->num = p->num; ptemp->math = p->math; ptemp->eng = p->eng; ptemp->yuwen = p->yuwen; ptemp->sum = p->sum; //ptemp->nextstu = p->nextstu; //只是信息拷贝,next不能拷贝否则信息丢失 }}

void SInfo::StuSort(char ch) //根据 总分排序{ if (ch == '>') { for (StuNode *p = StuListHead->nextstu; p != NULL; p = p->nextstu) { for (StuNode *q = StuListHead->nextstu; q != NULL; q = q->nextstu) { if (p->sum > q->sum) { StuNode *ptemp = new StuNode; StuCopy(ptemp, p); StuCopy(p, q); StuCopy(q, ptemp); } } } } else if (ch == '<') { for (StuNode *p = StuListHead->nextstu; p != NULL; p = p->nextstu) { for (StuNode *q = StuListHead->nextstu; q != NULL; q = q->nextstu) { if (p->sum < q->sum) { StuNode *ptemp = new StuNode; StuCopy(ptemp, p); StuCopy(p, q); StuCopy(q, ptemp); } } } } else if (ch == 'o') { for (StuNode *p = StuListHead->nextstu; p != NULL; p = p->nextstu) { for (StuNode *q = StuListHead->nextstu; q != NULL; q = q->nextstu) { if (p->num < q->num) { StuNode *ptemp = new StuNode; StuCopy(ptemp, p); StuCopy(p, q); StuCopy(q, ptemp); } } } } else { cout << "排序条件出错！" << endl; }}

void SInfo::StuClassfy() //根据学生总分分类{ int grade[5] = {0}; StuNode *p = StuListHead->nextstu; while (p != NULL) { if (89 < p->math) { grade[0]++; } else if (79 < p->math && p->math < 90) { grade[1]++; } else if (69 < p->math && p->math < 80) { grade[2]++; } else if (59 < p->math && p->math < 70) { grade[3]++; } else { grade[4]++; } p = p->nextstu; } cout << "A" << '\t' << "B" << '\t' << "C" << '\t' << "D" << '\t' << "E" << endl; for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { cout << grade[i] << '\t'; } cout << endl;}

void SInfo::StuRead() //从文件读入数据{ StuNode *p; p = StuListHead; ifstream in("StudentList.txt"); if (!in) { cout << "没有学生信息，请先录入学生信息!" << endl; return; } while (!in.eof()) { int num, math, eng, yuwen, sum; in >> num >> math >> eng >> yuwen >>sum; StuInsert(num,math,eng,yuwen); }}

void SInfo::StuSave() //保存学生信息{ StuNode *p; p = StuListHead->nextstu; ofstream out("StudentList.txt"); if (!out) { cout << "不能打开文件！" << endl; return; } while (p != NULL) { out << p->num << '\t' << p->math << '\t' << p->eng << '\t' << p->yuwen << '\t' << p->sum << '\n'; p = p->nextstu; }}

void SInfo::StuQuit() //学生信息写入文件{ char choice; cout << "是否保存学生信息：？（Y/N）"; cin >> choice; if (choice == 'y' || choice == 'Y') { StuSave(); cout << "学生信息已保存..." << endl; }}

2.源程序

#include<iostream>#include "SInfo.h"#include<cstdlib>

using namespace std;

int main(){ Systemdoor(); int x = 100, pnum,pmath,peng,pyuwen; StuNode *pfind; SInfo stu; cout <<" ******************************************" << endl; cout <<" ******************************************" << endl; cout <<" ****** ******" << endl; cout <<" ****** 欢迎进入学生信息管理系统 ******" << endl; cout <<" ****** ******" << endl; cout <<" ******************************************" << endl; cout <<" ******************************************" << endl; while (x != 0) { system("pause"); system("cls"); //清屏 ShowMenu(); cin >> x; switch (x) { case 0: stu.StuQuit(); break; case 1: stu.StuRead(); cout << "读入学生信息表：" << endl; stu.ShowInfo(); break; case 2: stu.CreatSinfo(); cout << "请核对输入学生信息！" << endl; stu.ShowInfo(); break; case 3: cout << "请输入添加学生信息："; cin >> pnum >> pmath >> peng >> pyuwen; stu.StuInsert(pnum, pmath, peng, pyuwen); cout << "更新学生信息表..." << endl; stu.ShowInfo(); break; case 4: cout << "请输入要删除学生学号："; cin >> pnum; stu.StuDelete(pnum); cout << "更新学生信息表..." << endl; stu.ShowInfo(); break; case 5: cout << "请输入要查找学生学号："; cin >> pnum; pfind = stu.StuFind(pnum); cout << "查找学生学号：" << pfind->num <<" 数学 "<<pfind->math<<" 英语 "<<pfind->eng<<" 语文 "<<pfind->yuwen <<" 总分 " << pfind->sum << endl; break; case 6: cout << "请输入要修改学生学号："; cin >> pnum; cout << "请重新输入学生分数："; cin >> pmath >> peng >> pyuwen; stu.StuModify(pnum, pmath, peng, pyuwen); cout << "修改成功！" << endl; cout << "更新学生信息表..." << endl; stu.ShowInfo(); break; case 7: cout << "升序排序（1）降序排序（0）学号排序（10）："; cin >> pnum; if (pnum == 1) { stu.StuSort('<'); stu.ShowInfo(); } else if (pnum == 0) { stu.StuSort('>'); stu.ShowInfo(); } else if (pnum == 10) { stu.StuSort('o'); stu.ShowInfo(); } else { cout << "请输入正确选择！" << endl; } break; case 8: stu.StuClassfy(); break; case 9: stu.ShowInfo(); break; case 10: stu.StuSave(); break; } }

system("pause"); return 0;}

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