近年来语音识别发展迅速也带动了人工智能的发展。曾经渴望自己做一个机器人，但是无奈，心有余而力不足，经过多年的积累，小白的我也能用站着巨人的肩膀上玩下机器人了。
准备工作：树莓派，音频模块，stm32单片机，百度语音识别接口，喇叭。
整体思路：
1.由于树莓派没有ADC模块，所以这里借助于stm32的ADC模块来实现将语音信号转换成数字信号，然后通过串口传 输到树莓派你中，树莓派你将数据组装成wave文件，便于语音识别。
2. 通过http协议将组装的语音文件上传到百度语音识别平台进行识别。文档说明（免费调用）
3. 根据识别结果做出相应的处理。
4. 对于需要播放语音时，根据百度语音合成接口合成语音然后使用mplayer播放出来。mplayer安装参考 博客
部分代码：
将音频转换成wave文件
#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <stdint.h>#include <wiringPi.h>#include <wiringSerial.h> #include <unistd.h>#include <fcntl.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/ioctl.h>#include "listen.h"//gcc -o uart uart.c -lwiringPitypedef struct WAV_Format WAVHEADER; #define MAX_LISTEN_SIZES 1024*70 //定义接收数据的大小#define bty 460800//串口的波特率struct listen*listenUart(){ int fd,file; char buff,buff2; struct listen*liste=(struct listen*)malloc(sizeof(struct listen)); unsigned short size; unsigned short*music,temp=0; unsigned short max=0,min=0; char*result=NULL;//存储最后的返回值 int index=0,i=0; char stop=1; WAVHEADER wavHead; music=(unsigned short*)malloc(MAX_LISTEN_SIZES*2); result=(char*)malloc(MAX_LISTEN_SIZES*2+sizeof(WAVHEADER)); if(wiringPiSetup() < 0)return NULL; if((fd = serialOpen ("/dev/ttyAMA0",bty))<0) { return NULL; printf("serial err\n"); } //file=open("abc.wav", O_RDWR|O_CREAT); printf("oepn success\n"); //serialPrintf(fd,"Hello World!!!"); //需要对音频信号作出处理，当大于或者阈值时开始统计,知道录制完成 int countTotal=0; int countNumber= 1000;//统计个数 int countMax=2860;//最大值 int countMin=2840;//最小值 int startCount=1; while(1) { if(index==MAX_LISTEN_SIZES) { break; } buff=serialGetchar(fd); buff2=serialGetchar(fd); if((buff2&0x0F0)!=0) { buff2=serialGetchar(fd); } else { size=buff2; size=size<<8; size=(size&0xFF00)|(buff&0xFF); music[index]=size; if(startCount==1) { countTotal=countTotal+size; if(index>=countNumber) { int temp=countTotal/(countNumber+1); if(temp>countMax||temp<countMin) { startCount=0; //开始录音 printf(":::::%d\n",temp); index++; } else { printf("temp:%d\n",temp); index=0; } countTotal=0; } else { index++; } } else { index++; } } } serialClose(fd); printf("end\n"); //对音频进行放大处理 max=music[0]; min=music[0]; for(i=i;i<MAX_LISTEN_SIZES;i++){ temp=music[i]; if(temp>max) { max=temp; } if(temp<min) { min=temp; } } size=max-min; for(i=0;i<MAX_LISTEN_SIZES;i++) { music[i]=(unsigned short)((music[i]-min)*1.0*6000/size); } wavHead.ChunkID=0x46464952; /* "RIFF" */ wavHead.ChunkSize=sizeof(wavHead)+MAX_LISTEN_SIZES*2 -8; /* 36 + Subchunk2Size */ wavHead.Format=0x45564157; /* "WAVE" */ wavHead.Subchunk1ID=0x20746D66; /* "fmt " */ wavHead.Subchunk1Size=0x10; /* 16 for PCM */ wavHead.AudioFormat=0x01; /* PCM = 1*/ wavHead.NumChannels=0x01; /* Mono = 1, Stereo = 2, etc. */ wavHead.SampleRate=0x3E80; /* 8000, 44100, etc. */ wavHead.ByteRate=0x7D00; /* = SampleRate * NumChannels * BitsPerSample/8 */ wavHead.BlockAlign=0x02; /* = NumChannels * BitsPerSample/8 */ wavHead.BitsPerSample=0x10; /* 8bits, 16bits, etc. */ wavHead.Subchunk2ID=0x61746164; /* "data" */ wavHead.Subchunk2Size=MAX_LISTEN_SIZES*2; /* data size */ //返回数据赋值 memcpy(result,(char*)&wavHead,sizeof(WAVHEADER)); memcpy(result+sizeof(WAVHEADER),(char*)music,MAX_LISTEN_SIZES*2); liste->length=sizeof(WAVHEADER)+MAX_LISTEN_SIZES*2; liste->data=result; return liste;}
将音频识别成文字
#include "convertText.h"static Buffer *listen_buff2=NULL;size_t listen_getData2(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *stream) { appendBuffer(listen_buff2,ptr,nmemb); return nmemb;}int listenText(char*result2){ listen_buff2=initBuffer(); struct listen*lsn=listenUart(); char*base; int fileLength=lsn->length; int result=1; int baseSize=(lsn->length/3)*4+(lsn->length%3)*2+1; base=(char*)malloc(baseSize); base64_encode(lsn->data,lsn->length,base); //发送请求 free(lsn->data); free(lsn); int code=initToken(); if(code==1) { char*token=getToken(); ///开始创建json字符串 cJSON * root = cJSON_CreateObject(); cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "format", cJSON_CreateString("wav")); cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "rate", cJSON_CreateString("16000")); cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "channel", cJSON_CreateString("1")); cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "cuid", cJSON_CreateString("34-68-95-91-77-43")); cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "token", cJSON_CreateString(token)); cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "dev_pid", cJSON_CreateString("1537")); cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "speech", cJSON_CreateString(base)); cJSON_AddItemToObject(root, "len", cJSON_CreateNumber(fileLength)); char*jsonParam=cJSON_PrintUnformatted(root); char*apiurl="http://vop.baidu.com/server_api"; CURL* curl; CURLcode res; // ptr = curl_easy_escape(NULL, (char *)a, asize); curl = curl_easy_init(); struct curl_slist* headers = NULL; headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Content-Type:application/json"); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, apiurl); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 60); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1); //http://vop.baidu.com/server_api //CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, jsonParam); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, strlen(jsonParam)); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, listen_getData2); curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1); res = curl_easy_perform(curl); curl_easy_cleanup(curl); cJSON_Delete(root); curl_slist_free_all(headers); free(token); free(jsonParam); if (res == CURLE_OK) { char*chars; char*tempresult=(char*)malloc(listen_buff2->length+1); memcpy(tempresult,listen_buff2->buff,listen_buff2->length); tempresult[listen_buff2->length]=0; cJSON *json; cJSON * item = NULL; cJSON*errCode; json=cJSON_Parse(tempresult); item=cJSON_GetObjectItem(json, "result"); errCode=cJSON_GetObjectItem(json, "err_no"); if(errCode->valueint!=0) { return -3; } chars=cJSON_GetArrayItem(item,0)->valuestring; strcpy(result2,chars); free(tempresult); cJSON_Delete(json); return 0; } else { return -3; } } else { return -2; } return -1;}
主程序
#include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include "convertText.h"#include "mp3.h"#include "led.h"#include "say.h" //gcc -o robot robot.o mp3.o Buffer.o base64.o token.o cJSON.o listen.o convertText.o led.o say.o -lcurl -lm -lwiringPi -lmad void sayChina(char*china){ int resp=initSay(china); printf("resp:%d\n",resp); if(resp==1) { int tte=playData("temp.mp3"); printf("tte:%d\n",tte); }}int main(){ char text[100]={0}; sayChina("你好，我是小志，有什么可以为你服务"); while(1) { printf(";;;;;;;;"); int code= listenText(text); if(code==0) { printf("result:%s\n",text); if(strstr(text,"播放音乐，")!=NULL||strstr(text,"打开音乐，")!=NULL) { sayChina("正在为你打开音乐"); musicPlayFile("mu.mp3"); } if(strstr(text,"打开灯，")!=NULL||strstr(text,"打开，")!=NULL) { sayChina("好的"); printf("正在打开"); ledOn(); } if(strstr(text,"关闭灯，")!=NULL||strstr(text,"关闭，")!=NULL||strstr(text,"完毕，")!=NULL) { sayChina("好的"); printf("正在关闭"); ledOff(); } if(strstr(text,"你叫什么")!=NULL||strstr(text,"你叫什么名字")!=NULL||strstr(text,"名字")!=NULL) { sayChina("我叫小志"); } if(strstr(text,"今天天气咋样")!=NULL||strstr(text,"天气")!=NULL) { sayChina("外面在下雨，有点冷"); } if(strstr(text,"中午好")!=NULL||strstr(text,"中午")!=NULL) { sayChina("好什么啊，我还没吃饭呢"); } if(strstr(text,"你多大了")!=NULL||strstr(text,"今年几岁")!=NULL||strstr(text,"几岁")!=NULL) { sayChina("我才出生，还没满月"); } } else { printf("error\n"); } } return 0;}
这里只是贴出来部分程序，所有代码请查看链接希望能和大家一起交流下心得。
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本文标题: 基于树莓派的语音机器人
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