图片操作 （Drawing.Imaging ；Drawing）
1， Bitmap 控制图片属性
封装 GDI+ 位图，此位图由图形图像及其属性的像素数据组成。Bitmap 是用于处理由像素数据定义的图像的对象
具体使用方式,如：
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(); //创建
GetPixel（）//指定像素颜色
Save（）//将保存到指定位置
例子：
public Bitmap GetToMonochrome(Bitmap source, string fpath) { Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(source.Width, source.Height); for (int i = 0; i < bitmap.Height; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < bitmap.Width; j++) { Color pixel = source.GetPixel(j, i); Color c = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.FromHtml("#69EE11"); int reda = pixel.A; int redb = c.B; int redg = c.G; int redr = c.R; bitmap.SetPixel(j, i, Color.FromArgb(reda, redr, redg, redb)); } } bitmap.Save(fpath.Substring(0, fpath.Length - 4) + "_BW.png", ImageFormat.Png); bitmap.Dispose(); return bitmap; }
2 ，Image 为Bitmap 和 Metafile 的类提供功能的抽象基类。
Image 类型公开以下成员。
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获取该 Image 的像素数据的特性标志。 |
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获取 GUID 的数组，这些 GUID 表示此 Image 中帧的维数。 |
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获取此 Image 的高度（以像素为单位）。 |
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获取此 Image 的水平分辨率（以“像素/英寸”为单位）。 |
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获取或设置用于此 Image 的调色板。 |
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获取此图像的宽度和高度。 |
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获取此 Image 的像素格式。 |
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获取存储于该 Image 中的属性项的 ID。 |
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获取存储于该 Image 中的所有属性项（元数据片）。 |
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获取此 Image 的文件格式。 |
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获取此图像的以像素为单位的宽度和高度。 |
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获取或设置提供有关图像附加数据的对象。 |
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获取此 Image 的垂直分辨率（以“像素/英寸”为单位）。 |
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获取此 Image 的宽度（以像素为单位）。 |
例如：
Image original = Image.FromStream(“1.png”); original.Height; original.Width; original.Tag;
等等,一般是为其他类提供image类型的参数，或者是属性参数。
3，Graphics 封装的一个 GDI+ 绘图图面。
Clear(Color.Transparent) 清除整个绘图面并以指定背景色填充。
DrawImage();在指定的位置并且按照指定的大小进行绘图
例如：
Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap); graphics.Clear(Color.Transparent); graphics.DrawImage(image, new Rectangle(0, 0, this.zipwidth, this.zipheight));
整体实例：
对图的一般操作
#region 缩略图/// <summary>
/// 生成缩略图
/// </summary>
/// <param name="originalImagePath">源图路径（物理路径）</param>
/// <param name="thumbnailPath">缩略图路径（物理路径）</param>
/// <param name="width">缩略图宽度</param>
/// <param name="height">缩略图高度</param>
/// <param name="mode">生成缩略图的方式</param>
public static void MakeThumbnail(string originalImagePath, string thumbnailPath, int width, int height, string mode)
{
System.Drawing.Image originalImage = System.Drawing.Image.FromFile(originalImagePath);
int towidth = width;
int toheight = height;
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
int ow = originalImage.Width;
int oh = originalImage.Height;
switch (mode)
{
case "HW": //指定高宽缩放（可能变形）
break;
case "W": //指定宽，高按比例
toheight = originalImage.Height * width / originalImage.Width;break;
case "H": //指定高，宽按比例
towidth = originalImage.Width * height / originalImage.Height;break;
case "Cut": //指定高宽裁减（不变形）
if ((double)originalImage.Width / (double)originalImage.Height > (double)towidth / (double)toheight)
{
oh = originalImage.Height;
ow = originalImage.Height * towidth / toheight;
y = 0;
x = (originalImage.Width - ow) / 2;
}
else
{
ow = originalImage.Width;
oh = originalImage.Width * height / towidth;
x = 0;
y = (originalImage.Height - oh) / 2;
}
break;
default:
break;
}
//新建一个bmp图片
System.Drawing.Image bitmap = new System.Drawing.Bitmap(towidth, toheight);//新建一个画板
System.Drawing.Graphics g = System.Drawing.Graphics.FromImage(bitmap);//设置高质量插值法
g.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.High;//设置高质量,低速度呈现平滑程度
g.SmoothingMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.SmoothingMode.HighQuality;//清空画布并以透明背景色填充
g.Clear(System.Drawing.Color.Transparent);//在指定位置并且按指定大小绘制原图片的指定部分
g.DrawImage(originalImage, new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, towidth, toheight), new System.Drawing.Rectangle(x, y, ow, oh), System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Pixel);try
{
//以jpg格式保存缩略图
bitmap.Save(thumbnailPath, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Jpeg);}
catch (System.Exception e)
{
throw e;
}
finally
{
originalImage.Dispose();
bitmap.Dispose();
g.Dispose();
}
}
#endregion
#region 图片水印
/// <summary>
/// 图片水印处理方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">需要加载水印的图片路径（绝对路径）</param>
/// <param name="waterpath">水印图片（绝对路径）</param>
/// <param name="location">水印位置（传送正确的代码）</param>
public static string ImageWatermark(string path, string waterpath, string location)
{
string kz_name = Path.GetExtension(path);
if (kz_name == ".jpg" || kz_name == ".bmp" || kz_name == ".jpeg")
{
DateTime time = DateTime.Now;
string filename = "" + time.Year.ToString() + time.Month.ToString() + time.Day.ToString() + time.Hour.ToString() + time.Minute.ToString() + time.Second.ToString() + time.Millisecond.ToString();
Image img = Bitmap.FromFile(path);
Image waterimg = Image.FromFile(waterpath);
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(img);
ArrayList loca = GetLocation(location, img, waterimg);
g.DrawImage(waterimg, new Rectangle(int.Parse(loca[0].ToString()), int.Parse(loca[1].ToString()), waterimg.Width, waterimg.Height));
waterimg.Dispose();
g.Dispose();
string newpath = Path.GetDirectoryName(path) + filename + kz_name;
img.Save(newpath);
img.Dispose();
File.Copy(newpath, path, true);
if (File.Exists(newpath))
{
File.Delete(newpath);
}
}
return path;
}
/// <summary>
/// 图片水印位置处理方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="location">水印位置</param>
/// <param name="img">需要添加水印的图片</param>
/// <param name="waterimg">水印图片</param>
private static ArrayList GetLocation(string location, Image img, Image waterimg)
{
ArrayList loca = new ArrayList();
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
if (location == "LT")
{
x = 10;
y = 10;
}
else if (location == "T")
{
x = img.Width / 2 - waterimg.Width / 2;
y = img.Height - waterimg.Height;
}
else if (location == "RT")
{
x = img.Width - waterimg.Width;
y = 10;
}
else if (location == "LC")
{
x = 10;
y = img.Height / 2 - waterimg.Height / 2;
}
else if (location == "C")
{
x = img.Width / 2 - waterimg.Width / 2;
y = img.Height / 2 - waterimg.Height / 2;
}
else if (location == "RC")
{
x = img.Width - waterimg.Width;
y = img.Height / 2 - waterimg.Height / 2;
}
else if (location == "LB")
{
x = 10;
y = img.Height - waterimg.Height;
}
else if (location == "B")
{
x = img.Width / 2 - waterimg.Width / 2;
y = img.Height - waterimg.Height;
}
else
{
x = img.Width - waterimg.Width;
y = img.Height - waterimg.Height;
}
loca.Add(x);
loca.Add(y);
return loca;
}
#endregion
#region 文字水印
/// <summary>
/// 文字水印处理方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">图片路径（绝对路径）</param>
/// <param name="size">字体大小</param>
/// <param name="letter">水印文字</param>
/// <param name="color">颜色</param>
/// <param name="location">水印位置</param>
public static string LetterWatermark(string path, int size, string letter, Color color, string location)
{
#region
string kz_name = Path.GetExtension(path);
if (kz_name == ".jpg" || kz_name == ".bmp" || kz_name == ".jpeg")
{
DateTime time = DateTime.Now;
string filename = "" + time.Year.ToString() + time.Month.ToString() + time.Day.ToString() + time.Hour.ToString() + time.Minute.ToString() + time.Second.ToString() + time.Millisecond.ToString();
Image img = Bitmap.FromFile(path);
Graphics gs = Graphics.FromImage(img);
ArrayList loca = GetLocation(location, img, size, letter.Length);
Font font = new Font("宋体", size);
Brush br = new SolidBrush(color);
gs.DrawString(letter, font, br, float.Parse(loca[0].ToString()), float.Parse(loca[1].ToString()));
gs.Dispose();
string newpath = Path.GetDirectoryName(path) + filename + kz_name;
img.Save(newpath);
img.Dispose();
File.Copy(newpath, path, true);
if (File.Exists(newpath))
{
File.Delete(newpath);
}
}
return path;
#endregion
}
/// <summary>
/// 文字水印位置的方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="location">位置代码</param>
/// <param name="img">图片对象</param>
/// <param name="width">宽(当水印类型为文字时,传过来的就是字体的大小)</param>
/// <param name="height">高(当水印类型为文字时,传过来的就是字符的长度)</param>
private static ArrayList GetLocation(string location, Image img, int width, int height)
{
#region
ArrayList loca = new ArrayList(); //定义数组存储位置
float x = 10;
float y = 10;
if (location == "LT")
{
loca.Add(x);
loca.Add(y);
}
else if (location == "T")
{
x = img.Width / 2 - (width * height) / 2;
loca.Add(x);
loca.Add(y);
}
else if (location == "RT")
{
x = img.Width - width * height;
}
else if (location == "LC")
{
y = img.Height / 2;
}
else if (location == "C")
{
x = img.Width / 2 - (width * height) / 2;
y = img.Height / 2;
}
else if (location == "RC")
{
x = img.Width - height;
y = img.Height / 2;
}
else if (location == "LB")
{
y = img.Height - width - 5;
}
else if (location == "B")
{
x = img.Width / 2 - (width * height) / 2;
y = img.Height - width - 5;
}
else
{
x = img.Width - width * height;
y = img.Height - width - 5;
}
loca.Add(x);
loca.Add(y);
return loca;
#endregion
}
#endregion
#region 调整光暗
/// <summary>
/// 调整光暗
/// </summary>
/// <param name="mybm">原始图片</param>
/// <param name="width">原始图片的长度</param>
/// <param name="height">原始图片的高度</param>
/// <param name="val">增加或减少的光暗值</param>
public Bitmap LDPic(Bitmap mybm, int width, int height, int val)
{
Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width, height);//初始化一个记录经过处理后的图片对象
int x, y, resultR, resultG, resultB;//x、y是循环次数，后面三个是记录红绿蓝三个值的
Color pixel;for (x = 0; x < width; x++)
{
for (y = 0; y < height; y++)
{
pixel = mybm.GetPixel(x, y);//获取当前像素的值
resultR = pixel.R + val;//检查红色值会不会超出[0, 255]
resultG = pixel.G + val;//检查绿色值会不会超出[0, 255]
resultB = pixel.B + val;//检查蓝色值会不会超出[0, 255]
bm.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(resultR, resultG, resultB));//绘图
}}
return bm;
}
#endregion
#region 反色处理
/// <summary>
/// 反色处理
/// </summary>
/// <param name="mybm">原始图片</param>
/// <param name="width">原始图片的长度</param>
/// <param name="height">原始图片的高度</param>
public Bitmap RePic(Bitmap mybm, int width, int height)
{
Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width, height);//初始化一个记录处理后的图片的对象
int x, y, resultR, resultG, resultB;
Color pixel;
for (x = 0; x < width; x++)
{
for (y = 0; y < height; y++)
{
pixel = mybm.GetPixel(x, y);//获取当前坐标的像素值
resultR = 255 - pixel.R;//反红
resultG = 255 - pixel.G;//反绿
resultB = 255 - pixel.B;//反蓝
bm.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(resultR, resultG, resultB));//绘图
}}
return bm;
}
#endregion
#region 浮雕处理
/// <summary>
/// 浮雕处理
/// </summary>
/// <param name="oldBitmap">原始图片</param>
/// <param name="Width">原始图片的长度</param>
/// <param name="Height">原始图片的高度</param>
public Bitmap FD(Bitmap oldBitmap, int Width, int Height)
{
Bitmap newBitmap = new Bitmap(Width, Height);
Color color1, color2;
for (int x = 0; x < Width - 1; x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < Height - 1; y++)
{
int r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;
color1 = oldBitmap.GetPixel(x, y);
color2 = oldBitmap.GetPixel(x + 1, y + 1);
r = Math.Abs(color1.R - color2.R + 128);
g = Math.Abs(color1.G - color2.G + 128);
b = Math.Abs(color1.B - color2.B + 128);
if (r > 255) r = 255;
if (r < 0) r = 0;
if (g > 255) g = 255;
if (g < 0) g = 0;
if (b > 255) b = 255;
if (b < 0) b = 0;
newBitmap.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(r, g, b));
}
}
return newBitmap;
}
#endregion
#region 拉伸图片
/// <summary>
/// 拉伸图片
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bmp">原始图片</param>
/// <param name="newW">新的宽度</param>
/// <param name="newH">新的高度</param>
public static Bitmap ResizeImage(Bitmap bmp, int newW, int newH)
{
try
{
Bitmap bap = new Bitmap(newW, newH);
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bap);
g.InterpolationMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;
g.DrawImage(bap, new Rectangle(0, 0, newW, newH), new Rectangle(0, 0, bap.Width, bap.Height), GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
g.Dispose();
return bap;
}
catch
{
return null;
}
}
#endregion
#region 滤色处理
/// <summary>
/// 滤色处理
/// </summary>
/// <param name="mybm">原始图片</param>
/// <param name="width">原始图片的长度</param>
/// <param name="height">原始图片的高度</param>
public Bitmap FilPic(Bitmap mybm, int width, int height)
{
Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width, height);//初始化一个记录滤色效果的图片对象
int x, y;
Color pixel;
for (x = 0; x < width; x++)
{
for (y = 0; y < height; y++)
{
pixel = mybm.GetPixel(x, y);//获取当前坐标的像素值
bm.SetPixel(x, y, Color.FromArgb(0, pixel.G, pixel.B));//绘图
}}
return bm;
}
#endregion
#region 左右翻转
/// <summary>
/// 左右翻转
/// </summary>
/// <param name="mybm">原始图片</param>
/// <param name="width">原始图片的长度</param>
/// <param name="height">原始图片的高度</param>
public Bitmap RevPicLR(Bitmap mybm, int width, int height)
{
Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width, height);
int x, y, z; //x,y是循环次数,z是用来记录像素点的x坐标的变化的
Color pixel;for (y = height - 1; y >= 0; y--)
{
for (x = width - 1, z = 0; x >= 0; x--)
{
pixel = mybm.GetPixel(x, y);//获取当前像素的值
bm.SetPixel(z++, y, Color.FromArgb(pixel.R, pixel.G, pixel.B));//绘图
}}
return bm;
}
#endregion
#region 上下翻转
/// <summary>
/// 上下翻转
/// </summary>
/// <param name="mybm">原始图片</param>
/// <param name="width">原始图片的长度</param>
/// <param name="height">原始图片的高度</param>
public Bitmap RevPicUD(Bitmap mybm, int width, int height)
{
Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(width, height);
int x, y, z;
Color pixel;
for (x = 0; x < width; x++)
{
for (y = height - 1, z = 0; y >= 0; y--)
{
pixel = mybm.GetPixel(x, y);//获取当前像素的值
bm.SetPixel(x, z++, Color.FromArgb(pixel.R, pixel.G, pixel.B));//绘图
}}
return bm;
}
#endregion
#region 压缩图片
/// <summary>
/// 压缩到指定尺寸
///