Oracle 官网有关单实例迁移到RAC的一个步骤说明：
How to Convert 10g Single-Instance database to 10g RAC using Manual Conversion procedure [ID 747457.1]
http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2010/12/09/6065903.aspx
RMAN 备份异机恢复 并创建新DBID
http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2011/03/11/6240983.aspx
一. 大致操作步骤如下：
1. 安装Clusterware 和 ASM 实例
2. 备份源库，并将备份集copy到rac 节点上
3. 在RAC 上还原并修改初始化参数文件，还原控制文件和数据文件
4. 增加undo 表空间和redo log 线程组，创建密钥文件
5. 配置RAC监听
6. 将数据库等资源添加到CRS
注意： 迁移的2个db版本版本要一致。包括小版本。 比如10.2.0.4.0.
我这个测试的时候是从10.2.0.1.0 迁移到10.2.0.4.0. 结果在open resetlogs的时候报错了，必须要先升级后，才能打开。
Redhat 5.4 Orcle RAC 数据库 从10.2.0.1升级到 10.2.0.4
http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2010/09/16/5888069.aspx
二. 具体操作步骤
2.1 安装Clusterware 和ASM 实例
这个参考Blog：
Redhat 5.4 Oracle 10g RAC Openfiler+Multipath + RAW+ ASM 安装文档
http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2010/12/01/6048792.aspx
安装之后的进程如下：
[oracle@rac1 u01]$ sh crs_stat.sh
Name Target State Host
------------------------------ ---------- --------- -------
ora.rac1.ASM1.asm ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.gsd ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.ons ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.vip ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac2.ASM2.asm ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.gsd ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.ons ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.vip ONLINE ONLINE rac2
2.2 在源库用RMAN 备份，并将备份文件copy到rac上
相关备份脚本，参考Blog：
Linux 平台下 RMAN 全备 和 增量备份 shell 脚本
http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2010/07/16/5740630.aspx
Nocatalog 下的RMAN 增量备份 shell脚本
http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2011/01/26/6164931.aspx
源库实例名：anqing，为了确认迁移成功，我们现在源库上创建一个表dave，并插入一条记录。
SQL> create table dave(id number,hometown varchar2(100));
Table created.
SQL> insert into dave values(1,'安徽省安庆市怀宁县');
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
用nocatalog 方式进行0级备份。
备份之后的信息如下：
RMAN> list backup summary;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Backups
===============
Key TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag
------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---
1 B 0 A DISK 23-MAY-12 1 1 NO ANQING_LEV0
2 B 0 A DISK 23-MAY-12 1 1 NO ANQING_LEV0
5 B 0 A DISK 23-MAY-12 1 1 NO ANQING_LEV0
6 B 0 A DISK 23-MAY-12 1 1 NO ANQING_LEV0
7 B A A DISK 23-MAY-12 1 1 NO ARC_BAK
8 B A A DISK 23-MAY-12 1 1 NO ARC_BAK
9 B F A DISK 23-MAY-12 1 1 NO BAK_CTLFILE
10 B F A DISK 23-MAY-12 1 1 NO SPFILE
注：我虚拟机上的系统时间没改，所以这里显示的时间是2012年5月23日。
将备份文件SCP 到RAC 服务器：
[oracle@singledb backup]$ scp * 192.168.2.42:/u01/backup
oracle@192.168.2.42's password:
anqing_lev0_01nbo3f3_1_1_20120523 100% 350MB 1.8MB/s 03:14
anqing_lev0_02nbo3f3_1_1_20120523 100% 142MB 2.7MB/s 00:53
anqing_lev0_03nbo3f3_1_1_20120523 100% 21MB 3.1MB/s 00:07
anqing_lev0_04nbo3f4_1_1_20120523 100% 376KB 376.0KB/s 00:00
anqing_spfile_0anbo3jl_1_1_20120523 100% 96KB 96.0KB/s 00:00
arch_07nbo3je_1_1_20120523 100% 28MB 3.1MB/s 00:09
arch_08nbo3je_1_1_20120523 100% 2560 2.5KB/s 00:00
ctl_file_09nbo3jk_1_1_20120523 100% 6944KB 3.4MB/s 00:02
2.3 还原并修改初始化文件
2.3.1 还原spfile 到pfile
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=anqing1
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed May 18 22:54:27 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)
RMAN> startup nomount
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initanqing1.ora'
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrival of spfile
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 159383552 bytes
Fixed Size 1266344 bytes
Variable Size 58723672 bytes
Database Buffers 96468992 bytes
Redo Buffers 2924544 bytes
RMAN> restore spfile to pfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/initanqing1.ora'
2> from '/u01/backup/anqing_spfile_0anbo3jl_1_1_20120523';
Starting restore at 18-MAY-11
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=33 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: /u01/backup/anqing_spfile_0anbo3jl_1_1_20120523
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from autobackup complete
Finished restore at 18-MAY-11
RMAN>
看一下我们刚才恢复的参数文件：
[oracle@rac1 backup]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/
[oracle@rac1 dbs]$
[oracle@rac1 dbs]$ ls
ab_+ASM1.dat hc_anqing.dat hc_dave1.dat initanqing.ora init.ora orapw+ASM1
ab_+ASM2.dat hc_+ASM1.dat hc_rac1.dat init+ASM1.ora init.ora.4122011215823 snapcf_dave1.f
core_10447 hc_+ASM2.dat hc_rac2.dat initdw.ora initrac1.ora spfilerac1.ora
[oracle@rac1 dbs]$ cat initanqing.ora
anqing.__db_cache_size=96468992
anqing.__java_pool_size=4194304
anqing.__large_pool_size=4194304
anqing.__shared_pool_size=58720256
anqing.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/anqing/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/anqing/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anqing/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anqing/control02.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/anqing/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/anqing/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='anqing'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=anqingXDB)'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=16777216
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=167772160
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/anqing/udump'
这里面都是单实例的参数，我们需要把这个改成RAC的参数。
2.3.2 查看ASM 实例的相关目录信息
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba;
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed May 18 23:09:32 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
SYS@+ASM1(rac1)> col state format a10
SYS@+ASM1(rac1)> col name format a15
SYS@+ASM1(rac1)> col failgroup format a20
SYS@+ASM1(rac1)> set line 200
SYS@+ASM1(rac1)> select state,redundancy,total_mb,free_mb,name,failgroup from v$asm_disk;
STATE REDUNDA TOTAL_MB FREE_MB NAME FAILGROUP
---------- ------- ---------- ---------- --------------- --------------------
NORMAL UNKNOWN 11993 10088 DATA DATA
NORMAL UNKNOWN 7993 38 FRA_0000 FRA_0000
SYS@+ASM1(rac1)> select group_number,name,state,type,total_mb,free_mb,unbalanced from v$asm_diskgroup;
GROUP_NUMBER NAME STATE TYPE TOTAL_MB FREE_MB U
------------ --------------- ---------- ------ ---------- ---------- -
1 DATA MOUNTED EXTERN 11993 10088 N
2 FRA