Q. I would like to only download the packages via yum and not install/update them. How do I download a RPM package using yum command under CentOS Enterprise Linux server 5.x or RHEL 5.x systems?
A. You need to install plugin called yum-downloadonly. This plugin adds a --downloadonly flag to yum so that yum will only download the packages and not install/update them. Following options supported by this plugin:
[a] --downloadonly : don't update, just download a rpm file
--downloaddir=/path/to/dir : specifies an alternate directory to store packages such as /tmp
Please note following instructions are only tested on CentOS server but should work with RHN and RHEL without any problem.
How do I install yum-downloadonly plugin?
Type the following command to install plugin, enter:
# yum install yum-downloadonly
Sample output:
Loading "fastestmirror" plugin
Loading "security" plugin
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: centos.mirrors.tds.net
* updates: mirror.myriadnetwork.com
* addons: mirrors.gigenet.com
* extras: holmes.umflint.edu
Setting up Install Process
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package yum-downloadonly.noarch 0:1.1.10-9.el5.centos set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
yum-downloadonly noarch 1.1.10-9.el5.centos base 9.0 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 9.0 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/1): yum-downloadonly-1 100% |=========================| 9.0 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing: yum-downloadonly ######################### [1/1]
Installed: yum-downloadonly.noarch 0:1.1.10-9.el5.centos
Complete!
How do I download a RPM package only from RHN or CentOS mirror, without installing it?
Download httpd package but don't install/update, enter:
# yum update httpd -y --downloadonly
By default package will by downloaded and stored in /var/cache/yum/ directory.
But, you can specifies an alternate directory to store
packages such as /opt, enter:
# yum update httpd -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt
可能是install而不是update
[root@DBSVR02 ~]# yum install httpd -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: ftp.stust.edu.tw
* extras: mirrors.grandcloud.cn
* updates: mirrors.grandcloud.cn
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.i686 0:2.2.15-26.el6.centos will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================
Installing:
httpd i686 2.2.15-26.el6.centos base 827 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 827 k
Installed size: 2.8 M
Downloading Packages:
httpd-2.2.15-26.el6.centos.i686.rpm | 827 kB 00:05
exiting because --downloadonly specified
[root@DBSVR02 ~]# ll /opt
total 832
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 847020 Feb 23 12:51 httpd-2.2.15-26.el6.centos.i686.rpm
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 22 2012 rh
[root@DBSVR02 ~]#
Sample output:
yum install httpd -y --downloadonly
Loading "downloadonly" plugin
Loading "fastestmirror" plugin
Loading "security" plugin
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: centos.mirrors.mypsh.com
* updates: mirror.steadfast.net
* addons: mirrors.gigenet.com
* extras: holmes.umflint.edu
Setting up Install Process
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.i386 0:2.2.3-11.el5_1.centos.3 set to be updated
filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 2.8 MB 00:03
filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 681 kB 00:11
filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 122 kB 00:00
filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 150 B 00:00
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
httpd i386 2.2.3-11.el5_1.centos.3 base 1.1 M
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 1.1 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/1): httpd-2.2.3-11.el5 100% |=========================| 1.1 MB 00:01
exiting because --downloadonly specified
[root@DBSVR02 ~]# yum install mysql-server.i686 -y --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt
Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.yun-idc.com
* extras: mirrors.yun-idc.com
* updates: mirrors.yun-idc.com
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-server.i686 0:5.1.69-1.el6_4 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql = 5.1.69-1.el6_4 for package: mysql-server-5.1.69-1.el6_4.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql.i686 0:5.1.69-1.el6_4 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===========================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==========================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-server i686 5.1.69-1.el6_4 updates 8.8 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql i686 5.1.69-1.el6_4 updates 917 k
Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================
Install 2 Package(s)
Total download size: 9.7 M
Installed size: 27 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/2): mysql-5.1.69-1.el6_4.i686.rpm | 917 kB 00:00
(2/2): mysql-server-5.1.69-1.el6_4.i686.rpm | 8.8 MB 00:05
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.5 MB/s | 9.7 MB 00:06
exiting because --downloadonly specified
[root@DBSVR02 ~]# ll /opt
total 10800
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 847020 Feb 23 12:51 httpd-2.2.15-26.el6.centos.i686.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 939176 Apr 25 14:52 mysql-5.1.69-1.el6_4.i686.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9263220 Apr 25 14:52 mysql-server-5.1.69-1.el6_4.i686.rpm
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 22 2012 rh
[root@DBSVR02 ~]#
To see downloaded file, enter:
# ls -l /opt/*.rpm
Sample output:
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1116426 Jan 17 03:36 /opt/httpd-2.2.3-11.el5_1.centos.3.i386.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 83452 Oct 2 2007 /opt/lighttpd-fastcgi-1.4.18-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 635045 Oct 20 2007 /opt/psad-2.1-1.i386.rpm
如果某个软件从来没有安装过，现在想通过yum把它下载下来，可以这样：
# yum install perl-MailTools --downloadonly --downloaddir=/opt -y
-y的参数位置可在要安装的软件包之后
Loading "installonlyn" plugin
Loading "downloadonly" plugin
Loading "security" plugin
Loading "rhnplugin" plugin
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
Setting up repositories
Reading repository metadata in from local files
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies
--> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait.
---> Downloading header for perl-MailTools to pack into transaction set.
perl-MailTools-2.03-1.el5 100% |=========================| 11 kB 00:00
---> Package perl-MailTools.noarch 0:2.03-1.el5.rf set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================
Installing:
perl-MailTools noarch 2.03-1.el5.rf dag 100 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 100 k
Downloading Packages:
(1/1): perl-MailTools-2.0 100% |=========================| 100 kB 00:02
exiting because --downloadonly specified