学步园

环境：Dell PowerEdge R905 服务器，CentOS 5.6 i386

问题：某次服务器清洗之后，文件系统出现问题，/var和/home成了只读文件系统。

[root@nsc /]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVol1                     3.9G 1.3G 2.4G 35% /
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVol2                     3.9G 139M 3.6G 4% /tmp
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVol5                     540G 3.9G 508G 1% /usr
/dev/sda3                                                  　　　　　190M 22M 159M 13% /boot    
tmpfs                                                      　　　　　　6.8G 0 6.8G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVolBak                  807G 120G 647G 16% /bak
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVolHome                276G 22G 241G 9% /home
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVol4                     7.6G 3.0G 4.3G 42% /var

[root@nsc /]# rm /var/run/httpd.pid 
rm：是否删除 一般文件 “/var/run/httpd.pid”? y
rm: 无法删除 “/var/run/httpd.pid”: 只读文件系统

[root@nsc /]# mount -o remount,rw /var
mount: block device /dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVol4 is write-protected, mounting read-only

同样的问题也出现在/home分区，/usr /bak正常

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解决：
[root@nsc /]#mkdir /usr/varbackup
[root@nsc /]#mount --move /var /usr/varbackup
[root@nsc /]#rm -rf /var 
[root@nsc /]#cd /
[root@nsc /]#mkdir -p /bak/var
[root@nsc /]#ln -s /bak/var  /var
[root@nsc /]#cp -R /usr/varbackup/* /var/

 
同样的方法处理/home
[root@nsc /]#mkdir /usr/homebackup
[root@nsc /]#mount --move /home /usr/homebackup
[root@nsc /]#rm -rf /home
[root@nsc /]#cd /
[root@nsc /]#mkdir -p /bak/home
[root@nsc /]#ln -s /bak/var /home
[root@nsc /]#cp -R /usr/homebackup/* /home

修改/etc/fstab：
[root@nsc /]# cat /etc/fstab
/dev/VolGroup_ID_14746/LogVol1 / ext3 defaults 1 1
/dev/VolGroup_ID_14746/LogVol2 /tmp ext3 defaults 1 2
/dev/VolGroup_ID_14746/LogVolBak /bak ext3 defaults 1 2
/dev/VolGroup_ID_14746/LogVol5 /usr ext3 defaults 1 2
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/VolGroup_ID_14746/LogVol0 swap swap defaults 0 0
#/dev/VolGroup_ID_14746/LogVolHome /home ext3 defaults 1 2
/dev/VolGroup_ID_14746/LogVolHome /usr/homebackup ext3 defaults 1 2
#/dev/VolGroup_ID_14746/LogVol4 /var ext3 defaults 1 2
/dev/VolGroup_ID_14746/LogVol4 /usr/varbackup ext3 defaults 1 2

上述操作完成后，reboot重启操作系统。

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结果：

系统正常启动

[root@nsc /]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVol1                      3.9G 1.3G 2.4G 35% /
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVol2                      3.9G 139M 3.6G 4% /tmp
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVol5                      540G 3.9G 508G 1% /usr
/dev/sda3                                                  　　　　　190M 22M 159M 13% /boot    
tmpfs                                                      　　　　　　6.8G 0 6.8G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVolBak                   807G 120G 647G 16% /bak
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVolHome                276G 22G 241G 9% /usr/homebackup
/dev/mapper/VolGroup_ID_14746-LogVol4                      7.6G 3.0G 4.3G 42% /usr/varbackup

[root@nsc /]# ll
总计 1966
drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 06-10 06:36 bak
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2010-01-20 bin
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 1024 03-10 06:11 boot
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4980 06-10 06:00 dev
drwxr-xr-x 107 root root 12288 06-10 06:44 etc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 06-10 06:37 home -> /bak/home
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2006-10-10 mnt
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 05-03 16:22 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 336 root root 0 06-10 00:45 proc
drwxr-x--- 33 root root 4096 06-10 06:01 root
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12288 2010-01-20 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 0 06-10 00:45 sys
drwxrwxrwt 15 root root 4096 06-10 06:42 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 20 root root 4096 06-10 06:35 usr
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 06-10 06:37 var -> /bak/var