前言：本店绝不含地沟油
顾客：“老板，你这油怎么这么亮呀，跟我平常吃的不一样，不会是地沟油吧？”
回答：“你平常吃的是地沟油！”
继续缅怀逝去的程序员生涯
倒腾WinForm，
是这样的俺想做个方便的类来控制其他程序的窗口，具体就是操作句柄。
这里以改变窗口的输入框（Text）举例，其他自己搞吧，就是调用WinAPI。
实现过程：
过程一：找到当前鼠标位置的句柄
您的使用2个WinAPI（俺喜欢自己封装下来用）：
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetCursorPos")]
public static extern bool GetCursorPos(out Point pt);
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "WindowFromPoint")]
public static extern IntPtr WindowFromPoint(Point pt);
//鼠标位置的坐标
public static Point GetCursorPosPoint()
{
Point p = new Point();
if (GetCursorPos(out p))
{
return p;
}
return default(Point);
}
///<summary>
/// 找到句柄
///</summary>
///<param name="p">坐标</param>
///<returns></returns>
public static IntPtr GetHandle(Point p)
{
return WindowFromPoint(p);
}
过程二：改变窗口的Text
您的使用1个WinAPI：
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")] private static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int Msg, IntPtr wParam, string lParam); ///<summary> /// 给窗口发送内容 ///</summary> ///<param name="hWnd">句柄</param> ///<param name="lParam">要发送的内容</param> public static void SetText(IntPtr hWnd, string lParam) { SendMessage(hWnd, WM_SETTEXT, IntPtr.Zero, lParam); } private const int WM_SETTEXT = 0x000C;
通过这个方法就能改变Text的值了。
思考：如果俺把这个窗口的句柄记录下来，下次不用鼠标获取，直接就能改变值不蛮好的嘛。
例如：我有个桌面系统老叫我输入用户名，密码。我记录用户名和密码的窗口句柄，然后改变他们的输入值，这样多省事。（只是举例，不考虑安全性）
问题：你会告诉我，窗口句柄的每次重建会变的呀，咋办。
回答：类名不变呀。
过程三：您的准备一些工具吧，例如：句柄找类名呀，类名找句柄什么的等等，下面会用到一些WinAPI
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow")] private static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string IpClassName, string IpWindowName); [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindowEx")] private static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass, string lpszWindow); [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetParent")] public static extern IntPtr GetParent(IntPtr hWnd); [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] public static extern int GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd, StringBuilder lpClassName, int nMaxCount); ///<summary> /// 找到句柄 ///</summary> ///<param name="IpClassName">类名</param> ///<returns></returns> public static IntPtr GetHandle(string IpClassName) { return FindWindow(IpClassName, null); } ///<summary> /// 子窗口句柄 ///</summary> ///<param name="hwndParent">父窗口句柄</param> ///<param name="hwndChildAfter">前一个同目录级同名窗口句柄</param> ///<param name="lpszClass">类名</param> ///<returns></returns> public static IntPtr GetChildHandle(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass) { return FindWindowEx(hwndParent, hwndChildAfter, lpszClass, null); } ///<summary> /// 全部子窗口句柄 ///</summary> ///<param name="hwndParent">父窗口句柄</param> ///<param name="className">类名</param> ///<returns></returns> public static List<IntPtr> GetChildHandles(IntPtr hwndParent, string className) { List<IntPtr> resultList = new List<IntPtr>(); for (IntPtr hwndClient = GetChildHandle(hwndParent, IntPtr.Zero, className); hwndClient != IntPtr.Zero; hwndClient = GetChildHandle(hwndParent, hwndClient, className)) { resultList.Add(hwndClient); } return resultList; } ///<summary> /// 找类名 ///</summary> ///<param name="hWnd">句柄</param> ///<returns></returns> public static string GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd) { StringBuilder lpClassName = new StringBuilder(128); if (GetClassName(hWnd, lpClassName, lpClassName.Capacity) == 0) { throw new Exception("not found IntPtr!"); } return lpClassName.ToString(); }
思考：遍历桌面上所有的窗口，然后找类名，然后改他的Text，扯淡嘛,相同的类名太多了，找毛呀。
实现：不仅记录类名，而且记录类名在父窗口出现的位置，然后通过桌面一层层找下来，最后找到这个句柄。（虽然不是太准，但是一般的还是能解决了，如果你有什么好方式一起研究）。
过程四：实现一个WinHWND的类，可以把他的规则，他的父窗口类名，以及在父窗口中同类名出现的顺序记录下来，然后通过这些记录的信息还原句柄。
public class WinHWND { public IntPtr HWND { get; set; } public string ClassName { get; set; } public WinHWND Parent { get; set; } public int InParentSequence { get; set; } private WinHWND() { } public WinHWND(IntPtr hWnd) { this.HWND = hWnd; this.ClassName = GetClassName(); this.Parent = GetParent(); this.InParentSequence = GetInParentSequence(); } private string GetClassName() { return WinAPI.GetClassName(this.HWND); } private WinHWND GetParent() { if (WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND) == null) { throw new Exception("not found IntPtr!"); } if (WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND) == IntPtr.Zero) { return null; } return new WinHWND(WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND)); } private int GetInParentSequence() { IntPtr IntprtParent = this.Parent == null ? IntPtr.Zero : this.Parent.HWND; return WinAPI.GetChildHandles(IntprtParent, this.ClassName).IndexOf(this.HWND); } public override string ToString() { StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(); for (WinHWND winHandle = this; winHandle != null; winHandle = winHandle.Parent) { result.Append(string.Format("{0}:{1};", Escape(winHandle.ClassName), winHandle.InParentSequence.ToString())); if (winHandle.InParentSequence == -1) break; } return result.ToString().TrimEnd(';'); } private static string GetBaseMark(string sMark) { string[] sMarks = sMark.Split(';'); return sMarks[sMarks.Length - 1].Split(':')[0]; } private static string[] GetChildMarks(string sMark) { string[] sMarks = sMark.Split(';'); string[] sChildMarks = new string[sMarks.Length - 1]; for (int i = 0; i < sChildMarks.Length; i ++ ) { sChildMarks[i] = sMarks[i ]; } return sChildMarks; } //我一直觉得这段写很丑陋，谁能帮帮我改改 public static WinHWND GetWinHWND(string sMark) { List<IntPtr> baseHwnds = WinAPI.GetChildHandles(IntPtr.Zero, GetBaseMark(sMark)); string[] sChildMarks = GetChildMarks(sMark); //由于主窗口在桌面出现所以很可能同名，所以要看看他的儿子和孙子...是不是都匹配 foreach (IntPtr baseHwnd in baseHwnds) { IntPtr handle = baseHwnd; for (int i = sChildMarks.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--) { string[] sChildMark = sChildMarks[i].Split(':'); try { handle = WinAPI.GetChildHandles(handle, UnEscape(sChildMark[0]))[int.Parse(sChildMark[1])]; } catch { break; } if (i == 0) return new WinHWND(handle); } continue; } return null; } #region 转义 private static string Escape(string arg) { return arg.Replace(":", "\\:").Replace(";","\\;"); } private static string UnEscape(string arg) { return arg.Replace("\\:", ":").Replace("\\;", ";"); } #endregion public static WinHWND GetWinHWND() { return new WinHWND(WinAPI.GetHandle(WinAPI.GetCursorPosPoint())); } }
上全部代码，里面加了窗口的部分属性，扩展其他的属性，自己发挥吧，就是搞WinAPI
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections; namespace InformationCollectionDataFill
{
public class WinAPI
{
#region WinodwsAPI
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindow")]
private static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string IpClassName, string IpWindowName);[DllImport(
"user32.dll", EntryPoint = "FindWindowEx")]
private static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass, string lpszWindow);[DllImport(
"user32.dll", EntryPoint = "SendMessage")]
private static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int Msg, IntPtr wParam, string lParam);[DllImport(
"user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetParent")]
public static extern IntPtr GetParent(IntPtr hWnd);[DllImport(
"user32.dll", EntryPoint = "GetCursorPos")]
public static extern bool GetCursorPos(out Point pt);[DllImport(
"user32.dll", EntryPoint = "WindowFromPoint", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true)]
public static extern IntPtr WindowFromPoint(Point pt);[DllImport(
"user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd, StringBuilder lpClassName, int nMaxCount);[DllImport(
"user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetWindowText(IntPtr hWnd, [Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] StringBuilder lpString, int nMaxCount);[DllImport(
"user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetWindowRect(IntPtr hwnd, ref Rectangle rc);[DllImport(
"user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int GetClientRect(IntPtr hwnd, ref Rectangle rc);[DllImport(
"user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern int MoveWindow(IntPtr hwnd, int x, int y, int nWidth, int nHeight, bool bRepaint);[DllImport(
"user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true)]
public static extern int ScreenToClient(IntPtr hWnd, ref Rectangle rect);
#endregion#region 封装API方法
///<summary>
/// 找到句柄
///</summary>
///<param name="IpClassName">类名</param>
///<returns></returns>
public static IntPtr GetHandle(string IpClassName)
{
return FindWindow(IpClassName, null);
}///<summary>
/// 找到句柄
///</summary>
///<param name="p">坐标</param>
///<returns></returns>
public static IntPtr GetHandle(Point p)
{
return WindowFromPoint(p);
}//鼠标位置的坐标
public static Point GetCursorPosPoint()
{
Point p = new Point();
if (GetCursorPos(out p))
{
return p;
}
return default(Point);
}///<summary>
/// 子窗口句柄
///</summary>
///<param name="hwndParent">父窗口句柄</param>
///<param name="hwndChildAfter">前一个同目录级同名窗口句柄</param>
///<param name="lpszClass">类名</param>
///<returns></returns>
public static IntPtr GetChildHandle(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, string lpszClass)
{
return FindWindowEx(hwndParent, hwndChildAfter, lpszClass, null);
}///<summary>
/// 全部子窗口句柄
///</summary>
///<param name="hwndParent">父窗口句柄</param>
///<param name="className">类名</param>
///<returns></returns>
public static List<IntPtr> GetChildHandles(IntPtr hwndParent, string className)
{
List<IntPtr> resultList = new List<IntPtr>();
for (IntPtr hwndClient = GetChildHandle(hwndParent, IntPtr.Zero, className); hwndClient != IntPtr.Zero; hwndClient = GetChildHandle(hwndParent, hwndClient, className))
{
resultList.Add(hwndClient);
}return resultList;
}///<summary>
/// 给窗口发送内容
///</summary>
///<param name="hWnd">句柄</param>
///<param name="lParam">要发送的内容</param>
public static void SetText(IntPtr hWnd, string lParam)
{
SendMessage(hWnd, WM_SETTEXT, IntPtr.Zero, lParam);
}
private const int WM_SETTEXT = 0x000C;///<summary>
/// 获得窗口内容或标题
///</summary>
///<param name="hWnd">句柄</param>
///<returns></returns>
public static string GetText(IntPtr hWnd)
{
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(128);
GetWindowText(hWnd, result, result.Capacity);
return result.ToString();
}///<summary>
/// 找类名
///</summary>
///<param name="hWnd">句柄</param>
///<returns></returns>
public static string GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd)
{
StringBuilder lpClassName = new StringBuilder(128);
if (GetClassName(hWnd, lpClassName, lpClassName.Capacity) == 0)
{
throw new Exception("not found IntPtr!");
}
return lpClassName.ToString();
}///<summary>
/// 窗口在屏幕位置
///</summary>
///<param name="hWnd">句柄</param>
///<returns></returns>
public static Rectangle GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd)
{
Rectangle result = default(Rectangle);
GetWindowRect(hWnd, ref result);
return result;
}///<summary>
/// 窗口相对屏幕位置转换成父窗口位置
///</summary>
///<param name="hWnd"></param>
///<param name="rect"></param>
///<returns></returns>
public static Rectangle ScreenToClient(IntPtr hWnd, Rectangle rect)
{
Rectangle result = rect;
ScreenToClient(hWnd, ref result);
return result;
}///<summary>
/// 窗口大小
///</summary>
///<param name="hWnd"></param>
///<returns></returns>
public static Rectangle GetClientRect(IntPtr hWnd)
{
Rectangle result = default(Rectangle);
GetClientRect(hWnd, ref result);
return result;
}
#endregion
}public class WinHWND
{
public IntPtr HWND { get; set; }
public string ClassName { get; set; }
public WinHWND Parent { get; set; }
public int InParentSequence { get; set; }private Rectangle _currentRect;
private string _Text;
private int _Left;
private int _Top;
private int _Width;
private int _Height;public string Text
{
get
{
return _Text == default(string) ? WinAPI.GetText(this.HWND) : _Text;
}
set
{
_Text = value;
WinAPI.SetText(this.HWND, value);
}
}
public int Left
{
get
{
return _Left == default(int) ? _currentRect.Left : _Left;
}
set
{
_Left = value;
WinAPI.MoveWindow(this.HWND, value, this.Top, this.Width, this.Height, true);
}
}
public int Top
{
get
{
return _Top == default(int) ? _currentRect.Top : _Top;
}
set
{
_Top = value;
WinAPI.MoveWindow(this.HWND, this.Left, value, this.Width, this.Height, true);
}
}
public int Width
{
get
{
return _Width == default(int) ? _currentRect.Width : _Width;
}
set
{
_Width = value;
WinAPI.MoveWindow(this.HWND, this.Left, this.Top, value, this.Height, true);
}
}
public int Height
{
get
{
return _Height == default(int) ? _currentRect.Height : _Height;
}
set
{
_Height = value;
WinAPI.MoveWindow(this.HWND, this.Left, this.Top, this.Width, value, true);
}
}private WinHWND() { }
public WinHWND(IntPtr hWnd)
{
this.HWND = hWnd;
this.ClassName = GetClassName();
this.Parent = GetParent();
this.InParentSequence = GetInParentSequence();
this._currentRect = GetRect();
}private string GetClassName()
{
return WinAPI.GetClassName(this.HWND);
}
private WinHWND GetParent()
{
if (WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND) == null)
{
throw new Exception("not found IntPtr!");
}if (WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND) == IntPtr.Zero)
{
return null;
}return new WinHWND(WinAPI.GetParent(this.HWND));
}
private int GetInParentSequence()
{
IntPtr IntprtParent = this.Parent == null ? IntPtr.Zero : this.Parent.HWND;
return WinAPI.GetChildHandles(IntprtParent, this.ClassName).IndexOf(this.HWND);
}
private Rectangle GetRect()
{
if (this.Parent == null) return default(Rectangle);
Rectangle clientSize = WinAPI.GetClientRect(this.HWND);
Rectangle clientPoint = WinAPI.ScreenToClient(this.Parent.HWND, WinAPI.GetWindowRect(this.HWND));
return new Rectangle(clientPoint.X, clientPoint.Y, clientSize.Width, clientSize.Height);
}public static WinHWND GetWinHWND()
{
return new WinHWND(WinAPI.GetHandle(WinAPI.GetCursorPosPoint()));
}public override string ToString()
{
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (WinHWND winHandle = this; winHandle != null; winHandle = winHandle.Parent)
{
result.Append(string.Format("{0}:{1};", Escape(winHandle.ClassName), winHandle.InParentSequence.ToString()));
if (winHandle.InParentSequence == -1) break;
}
return result.ToString().TrimEnd(';');
}private static string GetBaseMark(string sMark)
{
string[] sMarks = sMark.Split(';');
return sMarks[sMarks.Length - 1].Split(':')[0];
}private static string[] GetChildMarks(string sMark)
{
string[] sMarks = sMark.Split(';');
string[] sChildMarks = new string[sMarks.Length - 1];
for (int i = 0; i < sChildMarks.Length; i ++ )
{
sChildMarks[i] = sMarks[i];
}
return sChildMarks;
}//我一直觉得这段写很丑陋，谁能帮帮我改改
public static WinHWND GetWinHWND(string sMark)
{
List<IntPtr> baseHwnds = WinAPI.GetChildHandles(IntPtr.Zero, GetBaseMark(sMark));
string[] sChildMarks = GetChildMarks(sMark);
//由于主窗口在桌面出现所以很可能同名，所以要看看他的儿子和孙子...是不是都匹配
foreach (IntPtr baseHwnd in baseHwnds)
{
IntPtr handle = baseHwnd;
for (int i = sChildMarks.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
string[] sChildMark = sChildMarks[i].Split(':');