在android中要构建远程(不同进程之间)服务，需要使用AIDL实现
一,服务端：
1,AIDL定义：AIDL定义之后，编译器会自动在R文件中生成AIDL的java文件
package com.cjf.stock1;
interface IStockQuoteService {
double getQuote(String ticker);
}
2,实现AIDL接口
package com.cjf.stock1;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;
//服务类继承必须SERVICE
public class StockQuoteService extends Service {
private static final String TAG = "StockQuoteService";
//实现AIDL(IStockQuoteService.Stub)接口,此类充当着远程服务的实现,并且onBind()方法返回此类的实例
public class StockQuoteServiceImpl extends IStockQuoteService.Stub{
public double getQuote(String ticker) throws RemoteException {
Log.i(TAG, "getQuote() called for " + ticker);
return 20.0;
}
}
//在onCreate()之后被调用
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
Log.i(TAG, "onBind() called ");
return new StockQuoteServiceImpl();//返回AIDL的一个实例
}
//当绑定服务时，此方法首先被调用，做一些初始化工作,(每次绑定都会被调用)
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.i(TAG, "onCreate() called ");
}
//解除绑定时，此方法会被调用
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
Log.i(TAG, "onDestory() called ");
super.onDestroy();
}
}
3,描述文件androidmanifest.xml声明
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.cjf.stock1"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="10" />
<application
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<service android:name=".StockQuoteService">
<intent-filter>
<!-- 为希望公开的服务接口添加filter -->
<action android:name="com.cjf.stock1.IStockQuoteService"/>
</intent-filter>
</service>
</application>
</manifest>
二，客户端
从客户端应用程序调用服务,注意在客户端项目中必须复制服务端的AIDL接口文件，且包名与服务端需保持一致。
1,main.xml布局文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/hello" />
<ToggleButton
android:id="@+id/bindBtn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textOn="Bind"
android:textOff="Unbind"
android:onClick="doClick"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/callBtn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="call service"
android:enabled="false"
android:onClick="doClick"/>
</LinearLayout>
2,MainActivity
package com.cjf.client1;
import com.cjf.stock1.IStockQuoteService;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.ToggleButton;
//客户端复制服务端的AIDL文件，且AIDL文件的包名必须和服务端相同
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
private IStockQuoteService stockService = null;
private ToggleButton bindBtn;
private Button callBtn;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
bindBtn = (ToggleButton) this.findViewById(R.id.bindBtn);
callBtn = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.callBtn);
}
public void doClick(View v){
switch(v.getId()){
case R.id.bindBtn:
if(((ToggleButton)v).isChecked()){
//属于异步调用
bindService(new Intent(IStockQuoteService.class.getName()),//AIDL服务的名称
serConn,//链接的一个实例
Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);//自动创建服务的标识
}else{
unbindService(serConn);
callBtn.setEnabled(false);
}
break;
case R.id.callBtn:
callService();//调用服务
break;
}
}
//调用服务的方法
private void callService(){
try {
double val = stockService.getQuote("ANDROID");
Toast.makeText(this, "value from service is " + val, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} catch (RemoteException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//绑定和解除服务时需使用此对象(服务链接对象)
private ServiceConnection serConn = new ServiceConnection(){
//链接成功时调用
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
Log.i(TAG, "onServiceConnected called ");
stockService = IStockQuoteService.Stub.asInterface(service);//得到AIDL的一个引用
bindBtn.setChecked(true);//选中状态
callBtn.setEnabled(true);//可用状态
}
//服务崩溃时自动调用
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
Log.i(TAG, "onServiceDisconnected called ");
bindBtn.setChecked(false);//选中状态
callBtn.setEnabled(false);//可用状态
stockService = null;
}};
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy() called ");
if(callBtn.isEnabled()){
unbindService(serConn);
}
super.onDestroy();
}
}
点击Bind按钮时：
