来源: ChinaUnix博客 日期： 2006.08.28 00:33
GNU交叉工具链(arm-linux-gcc 3.4.4)
Modified by litroncn (
litroncn@163.com
)
Based on sunhe (msunhe@gmail.com)
1 Linux下工作用户及环境
1.1软件环境
Linux ubuntu 6.06 LTS
Kernel version 2.6.15-23-686
gcc version 4.0.3 (Ubuntu 4.0.3-1ubuntu5)
GNU Make 3.81
msgfmt (GNU gettext-tools) 0.14.5
makeinfo (GNU texinfo) 4.8
GNU M4 1.4.4
flex 2.5.31
GNU Awk 3.1.5
perl, v5.8.7
GNU sed version 4.1.4
gettext (GNU gettext-runtime) 0.14.5
autoconf (GNU Autoconf) 2.59
automake (GNU automake) 1.4-p6
1.2 编译相关配置
1. 添加工作用户(在root用户下)
root@ubuntu:~# useradd -G root -g root -d/home/arm arm
root@ubuntu:~# mkdir -p /home/arm
root@ubuntu:~# chown -R arm /home/arm
root@ubuntu:~# chmod -R 775 /home/arm
2. 建立工作目录(用arm用户登陆)
arm@ubuntu:~$ mkdir dev_home
arm@ubuntu:~$ cd dev_home
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home$ mkdir btools kernel
3. 登陆时启动环境变量(用root用户登陆)
root@ubuntu:~# vi ~/.bashrc
在.bashrc最后加上
export PATH=/usr/local/arm/3.4.4/bin:$PATH
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home$
重新登陆arm用户,环境变量生效
arm@ubuntu:~$ su arm
2. 设置环境变量,准备源码及相关补丁
2.1 设置环境变量
arm@ubuntu:~$ vi ~/.bashrc
export PREFIX=/usr/local/arm/3.4.4
export TARGET=arm-linux
export SYSROOT=${PREFIX}/sysroot
export ARCH=arm
export CROSS_COMPILE=${TARGET}-
export PATH=${PREFIX}/bin:$PATH
export SRC=/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4
注意: 如果你已经安装过arm-linux-gcc,并且已经加入了环境变量中,将其从环境中去掉保证root用户和arm用户环境中没有arm-linux-gcc
2.2 准备源码包
2.2.1 binutils
名称：binutils-2.16.tar.gz
tar.gz
下载地址：
http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/binutils-2.16.tar.gz
2.2.2 gcc
名称: gcc-3.4.4.tar.bz2
下载地址:
http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-3.4.4/gcc-3.4.4.tar.bz2
2.2.3 glibc
名称: glibc-2.3.5.tar.gz
glibc-linuxthreads-2.3.5.tar.gz
下载地址:
http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.3.5.tar.gz
http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/glibc-linuxthreads-2.3.5.tar.gz
2.2.4 linux kernel
名称: linux-2.6.14.1.tar.bz2
下载地址:
http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.14.1.tar.bz2
2.2.5 gdb
名称: gdb-6.4.tar.gz
下载地址:
http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/gdb/gdb-6.4.tar.gz
2.3 准备补丁
2.3.1 ioperm.c.diff
作用: 打修正ioperm()函数
下载地址:
http://frank.harvard.edu/~coldwell/toolchain/ioperm.c.diff
2.3.2 flow.c.diff
作用: 修改gcc一处bug
下载地址:
http://gcc.gnu.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/gcc/gcc/flow.c.diff?cvsroot=gcc&only_with_tag=csl-arm-branch&r1=1.563.4.2&r2=1.563.4.3
2.3.3 t-linux.diff
作用: 该补丁用于产生crti.o和crtn.o文件.
下载地址:
http://frank.harvard.edu/~coldwell/toolchain/t-linux.diff
2.4 编译GNU binutils
重新以arm用户登陆,让新设置得环境变量起作用
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ tree -L 1
.
|-- BUILD
|-- binutils-2.16
|-- binutils-2.16.tar.gz
|-- flow.c.diff
|-- gcc-3.4.4
|-- gcc-3.4.4.tar.bz2
|-- gdb-6.4.tar.gz
|-- glibc-2.3.5
|-- glibc-2.3.5.tar.gz
|-- glibc-linuxthreads-2.3.5.tar.gz
|-- ioperm.c.diff
|-- linux-2.6.14.1.tar.bz2
`-- t-linux.diff
arm@ubuntu:~$ su arm
arm@ubuntu:~$ cd ${SRC}
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ tar zxvf binutils-2.16.tar.gz
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ mkdir -p BUILD/binutils-2.16
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ cd BUILD/binutils-2.16
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/binutils-2.16$ ../../binutils-2.16/configure --prefix=${PREFIX} --target=${TARGET} --with-sysroot=${SYSROOT}
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/binutils-2.16$ make
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/binutils-2.16$ su root
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/binutils-2.16#make install
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/binutils-2.16# exit
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/binutils-2.16$
2.5 准备内核头文件
2.5.1 使用当前平台的gcc编译内核头文件
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/binutils-2.16$ cd ${KERNEL}
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/kernel$
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/kernel$ tar jxvf ../btools/tchain3.4.4/linux-2.6.14.1.tar.bz2
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/kernel$ cd linux-2.6.14.1/
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/kernel/linux-2.6.14.1$ cp arch/arm/configs/smdk2410_defconfig .config
本人是用的CPU是S3C2410,选择了一个配置文件smdk2410_defconfig,你可以根据你的需要选择
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/kernel/linux-2.6.14.1$ make ARCH=arm menuconfig
System Type --->
ARM system type (Samsung S3C2410) --->
S3C24XX Implementations --->
[ ] Simtec Electronics ANUBIS
[ ] Simtec Electronics BAST (EB2410ITX)
[ ] IPAQ H1940
[ ] Acer N30
[ ] SMDK2440
[ ] Thorcom VR1000
[ ] HP iPAQ rx3715
[ ] NexVision OTOM Board
[ ] NexVision NEXCODER 2440 Light Board
--- S3C2410 Boot
--- S3C2410 Setup
[ ] S3C2410 DMA support
(0) S3C2410 UART to use for low-level messages
--- Processor Type
--- Processor Features
[ ] Disable I-Cache
[ ] Disable D-Cache
[ ] Force write through D-cache
退出时
Do you wish to save your new kernel configuration?
No >
选择Yes
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/kernel/linux-2.6.14.1$ make
2.5.2 复制内核头文件
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/kernel/linux-2.6.14.1$ su root
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/kernel/linux-2.6.14.1# mkdir -p ${SYSROOT}/usr/include
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/kernel/linux-2.6.14.1# cp -a include/linux ${SYSROOT}/usr/include/linux
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/kernel/linux-2.6.14.1# cp -a include/asm-arm ${SYSROOT}/usr/include/asm
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/kernel/linux-2.6.14.1# cp -a include/asm-generic ${SYSROOT}/usr/include/asm-generic
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/kernel/linux-2.6.14.1# exit
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/kernel/linux-2.6.14.1$
2.6 编译glibc头文件
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/kernel/linux-2.6.14.1$ cd ${SRC}
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ tar zxvf glibc-2.3.5.tar.gz
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ patch -d glibc-2.3.5 -p1
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ cd glibc-2.3.5
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/glibc-2.3.5$ tar zxvf ../glibc-linuxthreads-2.3.5.tar.gz
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/glibc-2.3.5$ cd ..
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ mkdir -p BUILD/glibc-2.3.5-headers
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ cd BUILD/glibc-2.3.5-headers/
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5-headers$ ../../glibc-2.3.5/configure --prefix=/usr --host=${TARGET} --enable-add-ons=linuxthreads --with-headers=${SYSROOT}/usr/include
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5-headers$ su root
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5-headers# make cross-compiling=yes install_root=${SYSROOT} install-headers
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5-headers# touch ${SYSROOT}/usr/include/gnu/stubs.h
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5-headers#
touch ${SYSROOT}/usr/include/bits/stdio_lim.h
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5-headers# exit
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5-headers$
2.7 编译gcc 第一阶段
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5-headers$ cd ${SRC}
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ tar jxvf gcc-3.4.4.tar.bz2
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ patch -d gcc-3.4.4 -p1
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ patch -d gcc-3.4.4 -p1
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ mkdir -p BUILD/gcc-3.4.4-stage1
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ cd BUILD/gcc-3.4.4-stage1/
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4-stage1$ ../../gcc-3.4.4/configure --prefix=${PREFIX} --target=${TARGET} --enable-languages=c --with-sysroot=${SYSROOT}
注意: 不能加上--disable-shared
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4-stage1$ make all-gcc
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4-stage1$ su root
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4-stage1# make install-gcc
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4-stage1# exit
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4-stage1$
2.8 编译完整的glibc
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4-stage1$ cd ${SRC}
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ mkdir -p BUILD/glibc-2.3.5
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ cd BUILD/glibc-2.3.5
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5$ BUILD_CC=gcc CC=${CROSS_COMPILE}gcc AR=${CROSS_COMPILE}ar RANLIB=${CROSS_COMPILE}ranlib AS=${CROSS_COMPILE}as LD=${CROSS_COMPILE}ld ../../glibc-2.3.5/configure --prefix=/usr --build=i386-ubuntu-linux --host=arm-unknown-linux-gnu --target=arm-unknown-linux-gnu --without-__thread --enable-add-ons=linuxthreads --with-headers=${SYSROOT}/usr/include
说明：
--prefix: 指定安装路径。
--target： 指定目标平台。
--host: 指定当前平台。
--build: 指定编译平台。
--with-sysroot: 用于指定编译所需要的头文件，及链接库。
--enable-add-ons: 加入其它的库，如线程库等。
--enable-languages: 指定gcc所支持的语言。
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5$ make
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5$ su root
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5# make install_root=${SYSROOT} install
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5# exit
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5$
2.9 编译完整的gcc
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/glibc-2.3.5$ cd ${SRC}
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ mkdir -p BUILD/gcc-3.4.4
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ cd BUILD/gcc-3.4.4
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4$../../gcc-3.4.4/configure --prefix=${PREFIX} --target=${TARGET} --with-sysroot=${SYSROOT} --disable-nls --enable-threads=posix --enable-symvers=gnu --enable-__cxa_atexit --with-softfloat-support=internal --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-shared --enable-c99 --enable-long-long
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4$ make
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4$ su root
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4# make install
root@ubuntu:/home/arm/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4# exit
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4$
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gcc-3.4.4$ arm-linux-gcc -v
Reading specs from /usr/local/arm/3.4.4/lib/gcc/arm-linux/3.4.4/specsConfigured with: ../../gcc-3.4.4/configure --prefix=/usr/local/arm/3.4.4 --target=arm-linux --with-sysroot=/usr/local/arm/3.4.4/sysroot --disable-nls --enable-threads=posix --enable-symvers=gnu --enable-__cxa_atexit --with-softfloat-support=internal --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-shared --enable-c99 --enable-long-long
Thread model: posix
gcc version 3.4.4
arm@ubuntu:/usr/local/arm/3.4.4$ tree -L 1
.
|-- arm-linux
|-- bin
|-- include
|-- info
|-- lib
|-- libexec
|-- man
|-- share
`-- sysroot
arm@ubuntu:/usr/local/arm/3.4.4$ du -sh
193M .
arm@ubuntu:/usr/local/arm/3.4.4/bin$ ls
arm-linux-addr2line arm-linux-c++filt arm-linux-gcc-3.4.4 arm-linux-nm arm-linux-readelf
arm-linux-ar arm-linux-cpp arm-linux-gccbug arm-linux-objcopy arm-linux-size
arm-linux-as arm-linux-g++ arm-linux-gcov arm-linux-objdump arm-linux-strings
arm-linux-c++ arm-linux-gcc arm-linux-ld arm-linux-ranlib arm-linux-strip
2.10 测试gcc,g++
arm@ubuntu:~$ vi hello_c.c
#include
#include
int main()
{
printf("Hello,World~/n");
return 0;
}
arm@ubuntu:~$ vi hello_cpp.cpp
#include
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main()
{
cout
return 0;
}
arm@ubuntu:~$ arm-linux-gcc hello_c.c -o hello_c
arm@ubuntu:~$ arm-linux-g++ -o hello_cpp hello_cpp.cpp
arm@ubuntu:~$ tree -L 1
.
|-- dev_home
|-- hello_c
|-- hello_c.c
|-- hello_cpp
`-- hello_cpp.cpp
1 directory, 4 files
arm@ubuntu:~$ file hello_c
hello_c: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (ARM), for GNU/Linux 2.0.0, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.0.0, not stripped
arm@ubuntu:~$ file hello_cpp
hello_cpp: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (ARM), for GNU/Linux 2.0.0, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.0.0, not stripped
2.11 编译主机上运行的gdb
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ tar zxvf gdb-6.4.tar.gz
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ mkdir -p BUILD/gdb-6.4-host
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4$ cd BUILD/gdb-6.4-host
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gdb-6.4-host$ export CC=gcc
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gdb-6.4-host$ ../../gdb-6.4/configure --target=arm-linux
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gdb-6.4-host$ make
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gdb-6.4-host$ file gdb/gdb
gdb/gdb: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.2.0, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.2.0, not stripped
2.12建立目标平台上运行的gdbserver
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gdb-6.4-host$ mkdir -p ../gdbserver-6.4
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gdb-6.4-host$ cd ../gdbserver-6.4
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gdbserver-6.4$ export CC=/usr/local/arm/3.4.4/bin/arm-linux-gcc
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gdbserver-6.4$ ../../gdb-6.4/gdb/gdbserver/configure --host=arm-linux
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gdbserver-6.4$ make
arm@ubuntu:~/dev_home/btools/tchain3.4.4/BUILD/gdbserver-6.4$ file gdbserver
gdbserver: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (ARM), for GNU/Linux 2.0.0, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.0.0, not stripped
3 GNU交叉工具链的下载
工具链的官方下载地址：
http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/
可以从该站点下载2.95.3, 3.0以及3.2工具链
ftp://ftp.arm.linux.org.uk/pub/armlinux/toolchain/cross-2.95.3.tar.bz2
ftp://ftp.arm.linux.org.uk/pub/armlinux/toolchain/cross-3.0.tar.bz2
ftp://ftp.handhelds.org/projects/toolchain/arm-linux-gcc-3.3.2.tar.bz2
ftp://ftp.handhelds.org/projects/toolchain/arm-linux-gcc-3.4.1.tar.bz2
http://ftp.snapgear.org/pub/snapgear/tools/arm-linux/gcc-3.4.4.tar.bz2
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